Serum Neurofilament Levels in Children With Febrile Seizures and in Controls.

Objective: Neuroaxonal damage is reflected by serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) values in a variety of acute and degenerative diseases of the brain. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of febrile and epileptic seizures on sNfL, serum copeptin, and prolactin levels in children compared with children with febrile infections without convulsions.

Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was performed in children aging 6 months to 5 years presenting with fever (controls, = 61), febrile seizures (FS, = 78), or epileptic seizures (ES, = 16) at our emergency department.