Evaluation of Fungitell (1,3)-β-D-glucan assay in tear samples for rapid diagnosis of fungal keratitis.

Fungal keratitis (FK) is a serious suppurative and ulcerative corneal infection leading to blindness and vision loss. Rapid diagnosis of FK can contribute to prompt clinical management with early recovery. The study aimed to standardize the detection of (1,3)-β-D-glucan (BDG) and establish the diagnostic cut-off concentration in tears of suspected FK patients along with non-infected controls.

Practice patterns in pediatric myopia management: Insights from a 2023 survey among Indian ophthalmologists.

Objective: This study investigates the practice patterns related to paediatric myopia among Paediatric Ophthalmologists in India, based on a 2023 survey conducted via Google Forms.

Methods: The survey aimed to gather insights into physicians' perceptions and experiences concerning the clinical and treatment aspects of myopia in children.

Results: The survey reveals several key insights into current practice patterns among Paediatric Ophthalmologists in India regarding paediatric myopia management.

Brolucizumab-associated intraocular inflammation in Indian patients by VRSI study group.

Context: Concerns about brolucizumab's (Pagenax®) association with intraocular inflammation (IOI) limit its use despite its cost-effectiveness and efficacy. This multicentric study analyzes IOI incidence across 21 tertiary eyecare centers in India since its introduction in October 2020.

Purpose: To determine the real-world incidence rate of IOI in Indian patients secondary to intravitreal brolucizumab across 21 tertiary eye care centers in India.

Current concepts in the management of cataract with keratoconus.

This review analyzed all pertinent articles on keratoconus (KCN) and cataract surgery. It covers preoperative planning, intraoperative considerations, and postoperative management, with the aim of providing a simplified overview of treating such patients. Preoperatively, the use of corneal cross-linking, intrastromal corneal ring segments, and topo-guided corneal treatments can help stabilize the cornea and improve the accuracy of biometric measurements.

Short-Term Treatment Outcomes of Brolucizumab in Patients with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Multicentre Indian Real-World Evidence Study.

Objective: To evaluate the short-term effectiveness and safety outcomes following brolucizumab treatment in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) as a part of real-world clinical practice in India.

Methods: This was a retrospective, observational, multicentre study including patients (≥50 years old) diagnosed with nAMD. Anonymized data of the patients receiving the first dose of brolucizumab intravitreal injection (IVI) who were either treatment-naïve or previously treated with a single or a combination of other anti-VEGF IVIs were included.

Development of single-tube real-time PCR assay for the rapid detection of Aspergillus and Fusarium-The two most common causative agents in fungal keratitis.

Background: To compare the performance of conventional, semi-nested and real-time panfungal ITS PCRs for diagnosing fungal keratitis (FK) and develop genus-specific real-time PCR for the most common aetiology of FK.

Methods: This multicentric study includes 232 corneal samples from suspected FK patients from four centres across India between November 2019 through August 2021. A total of 87 corneal buttons were included for the comparison of conventional, semi-nested and real-time ITS PCRs, of which 68 were from confirmed FK patients.

Incidence of post vitrectomy endophthalmitis in India - A multicentric study by VRSI study Group.

Introduction: The incidence of post vitrectomy endophthalmitis (PVE) is reported to be between 0.02 and 0.84%.

Unilateral double optic nerve head pits with foveo-schisis detachment treated by modified internal limiting membrane peeling technique.

A 44-year-old female with a vision of 10/200 in the right eye had double pits in the temporal segment of the optic disc with serous macular detachment. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) confirmed serous retinal detachment, an outer layer hole, and double optic disc pits. The patient underwent pars plana vitrectomy with modified ILM flap surgery involving fovea-sparing internal limiting membrane peeling (FSIP) technique with inverted ILM flap tucking with gas tamponade.

A Delphi method based consensus statement for surgical management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy in India.

Purpose: To derive consensus statements for surgical management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) for vitreoretinal (VR) surgeons.

Methods: Thirteen prolific VR surgeons representing all regions of India were invited to participate in a 42-point questionnaire based on the Delphi methodology describing various surgical scenarios commonly encountered in PDR. Consensus was derived using predefined robust analytics.

Intraocular pressure fluctuation following intravitreal dexamethasone implant and incidence of secondary ocular hypertension: a Zambian perspective.

Introduction: to evaluate the effect of dexamethasone biodegradable implant (DEX-I), on intraocular pressure (IOP), to determine the incidence of secondary ocular hypertension (OHT) and to analyze the IOP changes as per the treatment indication in Zambian cohort.

Methods: retrospective consecutive case series of patients receiving one DEX-I between January 2016 and September 2018 with a minimum follow-up of four months in a tertiary care centre in Zambia. The IOP was recorded before the injection and at 1 week, 1, 2, 3 and 4 month after the injection.

Incidence of Paradoxical Neurosensory Detachment in Diabetic Eyes Undergoing Hemodialysis for End-Stage Renal Disease.

Introduction Ocular fluid dynamics are known to improve during hemodialysis, and the improvement of uremia after dialysis may lead to osmotic pressure changes in the retina, which eventually affect retinal edema. Recent studies using optical coherence tomography (OCT) to assess the effect of hemodialysis on macular thickness have shown variable results with a majority of them finding a decrease in retinal thickness. Paradoxical neurosensory retinal detachment (NSD) may be defined as the accumulation of subretinal fluid under the macula in patients who are on continuous HD.

Modified surgical technique for lamellar macular holes with lamellar hole-associated epiretinal proliferation (LHEP).

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of lamellar hole-associated epiretinal proliferation embedding technique with modification in the surgical management of degenerative lamellar macular hole (LMH).

Methods: There is retrospective case series of consecutive eyes who underwent pars plana vitrectomy with LHEP embedding with internal limiting membrane (ILM) inversion technique for degenerative LMH. Primary outcome measure was improvement in foveal contour and central foveal thickness (CFT).

Severe Vaso-Occlusive Retinopathy in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Case Series.

This study aims to describe the clinical profile of severe vaso-occlusive retinal disorders in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and it is a retrospective case series. The clinical characteristics of three patients with SLE with vascular occlusions in four eyes were described. Branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) was present in all three patients with combined non-ischemic central retinal vein occlusion (NICRVO) in one patient and evolving ischemic CRVO in another patient.

Algorithmic approach to diagnosis and management of post-refractive surgery dry eye disease.

Dry eye disease (DED) is a condition that is fast reaching epidemic proportions around the world. Dry eye post-refractive surgery is the leading cause of iatrogenically induced DED. The wide variety of presentations and the disparity between signs and symptoms in many patients make this a very challenging aspect of our clinical practice.

A new normal with cataract surgery during COVID-19 pandemic.

Cataract is the second leading cause of preventable blindness on the globe. Several programs across the country have been running efficiently to increase the cataract surgical rates and decrease blindness due to cataract. The current COVID-19 pandemic has led to a complete halt of these programs and thus accumulating all the elective cataract procedures.

All India Ophthalmological Society - Indian Journal of Ophthalmology consensus statement on preferred practices during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic has taken tragic proportions and has disrupted lives globally. In the wake of governmental lockdowns, ophthalmologists need practical and actionable guidelines based on advisories from national health departments on how to conduct their duties during nationwide lockdowns and after these are lifted. In this paper, we present a preferred practice pattern (PPP) based on consensus discussions between leading ophthalmologists and health care professionals in India including representatives from major governmental and private institutions as well as the All India Ophthalmological Society leadership.

Conjunctival stromal tumour (COST): anterior-segment OCT findings.

Conjunctival stromal tumour (COST) is a recently described rare conjunctival tumour of mesenchymal origin with only four publications describing a handful of cases thus far. In this report, we describe the anterior-segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) characteristics in a case of COST for the first time, in addition to the clinical and histopathological characteristics. The AS-OCT showed an elevated, dome-shaped hyporeflective homogenous lesion in the conjunctival stroma lined by hyperreflective outer layer with mild posterior shadowing, consistent with histological description of a paucicellular tumour with large myxoid collagenous material inside.

Residency evaluation and adherence design study: Young ophthalmologists' perception of their residency programs - Clinical and surgical skills.

Background: Residency training is the basis of good clinical and surgical practice.

Purpose: The aim is to know the demographics, training experience, and perception of young ophthalmologists to improve the present residency programs in India.

Setting: Young ophthalmologists trained in India.