Local Stiffness Measurement of Hepatic Steatosis Model Liver Organoid by Fluorescence Imaging-Assisted Probe Indentation.

Mechanical stiffness of liver organoid is a key indicator for the progress of hepatic steatosis. Probe indentation is a noninvasive methodology to measure Young's modulus (YM); however, the inhomogeneous nature of the liver organoid induces measurement uncertainty requiring a large number of indentations covering a wide scanning area. Here, we demonstrate that lipid-stained fluorescence imaging-assisted probe indentation significantly reduces the number of measurements by specifying the highly lipid-induced area.

Transcriptome and Metabolome Analysis of Overexpression in .

The gene-encoding farnesyl diphosphate O-methyltransferase 6 (FAMeT 6) is a member of the farnesyl diphosphate O-methyltransferase family. Our previous studies have demonstrated its influence on juvenile hormone levels in third instar silkworm larvae. we utilized transcriptomic and metabolomic techniques to investigate the changes in third instar larvae at 0, 12, and 24 h following overexpression.

Novel Celecoxib Derivative, RF26, Blocks Colon Cancer Cell Growth by Inhibiting PDE5, Activating cGMP/PKG Signaling, and Suppressing β-catenin-dependent Transcription.

Background: Previous studies have reported that the cGMP-specific PDE5 isozyme is overexpressed in colon adenomas and adenocarcinomas and essential for colon cancer cell proliferation, while PDE5 selective inhibitors (e.g., sildenafil) have been reported to have cancer chemopreventive activity.

A single-step high-throughput bioassay for quantifying Fc-containing recombinant proteins based on non-classical calculation of fluorescence polarization.

The titer of recombinant proteins is one of the key parameters in biopharmaceutical manufacturing processes. The fluorescence polarization (FP)-based assay, a homogeneous, high-throughput and real-time analytical method, had emerged as a powerful tool for biochemical analysis and environmental monitoring. In this study, an FP-based bioassay was utilized to quantify antibody fragment crystallizable (Fc)-containing proteins, such as recombinant monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and mAb derivatives, in the cell culture supernatant, and the impacts of tracer molecular weight and FITC-coupling conditions on fluorescence polarization were methodically examined.

Platelet dysfunction caused by differentially expressed genes as key pathogenic mechanisms in COVID-19.

At the end of 2019, the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) became prevalent worldwide, which brought a heavy medical burden and tremendous economic losses to the world population. In addition to the common clinical respiratory symptoms such as fever, cough and headache, patients with COVID-19 often have hematological diseases, especially platelet dysfunction. Platelet dysfunction usually leads to multiple organ dysfunction, which is closely related to patient severity or mortality.

Exploring the underlying mechanisms of fisetin in the treatment of hepatic insulin resistance via network pharmacology and in vitro validation.

Objective: To characterize potential mechanisms of fisetin on hepatic insulin resistance (IR) using network pharmacology and in vitro validation.

Methods: Putative targets of fisetin were retrieved from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database, whereas the potential genes of hepatic IR were obtained from GeneCards database. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed according to the intersection targets of fisetin and hepatic IR using the Venn diagram.

Removal of organic pollutants through hydroxyl radical-based advanced oxidation processes.

The use of Advance Oxidation Process (AOPs) has been extensively examined in order to eradicate organic pollutants. This review assesses the efficacy of photolysis, O based (O/UV, O/HO, O/HO/UV, HO/UV, Fenton, Fenton-like, hetero-system) and sonochemical and electro-oxidative AOPs in this regard. The main purpose of this review and some suggestions for the advancement of AOPs is to facilitate the elimination of toxic organic pollutants.

Green synthesis of lead oxide nanoparticles for photo-electrocatalytic and antimicrobial applications.

Synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) for many different uses requires the development of environmentally friendly synthesis protocols. In this article, we present a simple and environmentally friendly method to synthesize lead oxide (PbO) NPs from the plant material of the . Analytical techniques such as spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and microscopy were used to characterize the synthesized PbO NPs, and their photo-electrocatalytic and antifungal properties were also evaluated.

LncRNAs associated with oxidative stress in diabetic wound healing: Regulatory mechanisms and application prospects.

Diabetes is a group of chronic diseases with blood glucose imbalance, and long-term hyperglycaemia causes sustained damage to various organs of the body, resulting in vascular lesions, neuropathy and impaired wound healing. Diabetic wound formation involves a variety of complex mechanisms, and they are characterized by a persistent chronic inflammatory response, degradation of angiogenesis and imbalance of extracellular matrix regulation, all of which are related to oxidative stress. Additionally, repair and healing of diabetic wounds require the participation of a variety of cells, cytokines, genes, and other factors, which together constitute a complex biological regulatory network.

Photomodulation alleviates cellular senescence of aging adipose-derived stem cells.

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapies are emerging as a promising approach to therapeutic regeneration. Therapeutic persistence and reduced functional stem cells following cell delivery remain critical hurdles for clinical investigation due to the senescence of freshly isolated cells and extensive in-vitro passage.

Methods: Cultured adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) were derived from subcutaneous white adipose tissue isolated from mice fed a normal diet.

Bispecific antibody targeting both B7-H3 and PD-L1 exhibits superior antitumor activities.

Clinical application of PD-1 and PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is hindered by their relatively low response rates and the occurrence of drug resistance. Co-expression of B7-H3 with PD-L1 has been found in various solid tumors, and combination therapies that target both PD-1/PD-L1 and B7-H3 pathways may provide  additional therapeutic benefits. Up to today, however, no bispecific antibodies targeting both PD-1 and B7-H3 have reached the clinical development stage.

Elevated Serum and Hair Levels of Cadmium as a Risk Factor for Liver Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: Cadmium (Cd) exposure might confer cancer risk. Published studies on the association between Cd levels and liver cancer risk have generated conflicting results. We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to address the controversy.

MicroRNA regulation of phenotypic transformations in vascular smooth muscle: relevance to vascular remodeling.

Alterations in the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) phenotype play a critical role in the pathogenesis of several cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, and restenosis after angioplasty. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous noncoding RNAs (approximately 19-25 nucleotides in length) that function as regulators in various physiological and pathophysiological events. Recent studies have suggested that aberrant miRNAs' expression might underlie VSMC phenotypic transformation, appearing to regulate the phenotypic transformations of VSMCs by targeting specific genes that either participate in the maintenance of the contractile phenotype or contribute to the transformation to alternate phenotypes, and affecting atherosclerosis, hypertension, and coronary artery disease by altering VSMC proliferation, migration, differentiation, inflammation, calcification, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, suggesting an important regulatory role in vascular remodeling for maintaining vascular homeostasis.

Erianin Exerts Antineoplastic Effects on Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells by Activating the cGMP-PKG Signaling Pathway.

Erianin, a natural compound extracted from , has potential therapeutic benefits against various tumors. However, its role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear. Cell proliferation was analyzed by CCK8, colony-formation, and EdU proliferation assays, while cell migration was evaluated through wound healing assays as well as determination of the protein expression levels of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and β-catenin.

Brief review: Applications of nanocomposite in electrochemical sensor and drugs delivery.

The recent advancement of nanoparticles (NPs) holds significant potential for treating various ailments. NPs are employed as drug carriers for diseases like cancer because of their small size and increased stability. In addition, they have several desirable properties that make them ideal for treating bone cancer, including high stability, specificity, higher sensitivity, and efficacy.

Oligosaccharides of Polygonatum Cyrtonema Hua ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis and regulates the gut microbiota.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one common chronic inflammatory bowel disease that causes severe side effects, and expensive treatment limits effective and sustained treatment of UC. Fructooligosaccharide was isolated from Polygonatum Cyrtonema Hua (PFOS) and exhibits anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, we are curious whether PFOS could be used for the treatment of UC.

A secreted phospholipase A (BmsPLA ) regulates melanization of immunity through BmDDC in the silkworm Bombyx mori.

Insect immune-associated phospholipase A (PLA ) is an important target of pathogen invasion. Melanization, an effective defense response, has significant correlations with other immune responses to coordinate immune attack against invaders. However, the effect of PLA on melanization has not yet been reported in insects or other arthropods.

Interactions between PCSK9 and NLRP3 inflammasome signaling in atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis is an early pathological basis of numerous cardiovascular events that result in death or disability. Recent studies have described PCSK9 as a novel target for the treatment of atherosclerosis; PCSK9 is capable of degrading LDLR on the surface of hepatocytes through the regulation of lipid metabolism, and it can function as a novel inflammatory modulator in atherosclerosis. Inflammasomes are important intracellular multiprotein complexes that promote the inflammatory response in atherosclerosis.

Liraglutide Accelerates Ischemia-Induced Angiogenesis in a Murine Diabetic Model.

Background Severe hindlimb ischemia is a chronic disease with poor prognosis that can lead to amputation or even death. This study aimed to assess the therapeutic effect of liraglutide on hind-limb ischemia in type 2 diabetic mice and to elucidate the underlying mechanism. Methods and Results Blood flow reperfusion and capillary densities after treatment with liraglutide or vehicle were evaluated in a mouse model of lower-limb ischemia in a normal background or a background of streptozotocin-induced diabetes.

Diabetes-Induced Autophagy Dysregulation Engenders Testicular Impairment via Oxidative Stress.

Testes produce sperms, and gamete generation relies on a proper niche environment. The disruption of hierarchical regulatory homeostasis in Leydig or Sertoli cells may evoke a sterile phenotype in humans. In this study, we recapitulated type 2 diabetes mellitus by using a high-fat diet- (HFD-) fed mouse model to identify the phenotype and potential mechanism of diabetes-induced testicular impairment.

Atomically precise Au nanocluster-embedded carrageenan for single near-infrared light-triggered photothermal and photodynamic antibacterial therapy.

In this study, we report atomically precise gold nanoclusters-embedded natural polysaccharide carrageenan as a novel hydrogel platform for single near-infrared light-triggered photothermal (PTT) and photodynamic (PDT) antibacterial therapy. Briefly, atomically precise captopril-capped Au nanoclusters (AuCapt) prepared by an alkaline NaBH reduction method and then embedded them into the biosafe carrageenan to achieve superior PTT and PDT dual-mode antibacterial effect. In this platform, the embedded AuCapt, as simple-component phototherapeutic agents, exhibit superior thermal effects and singlet oxygen generation under a single near-infrared (NIR, 808 nm) light irradiation, which enables rapid elimination of bacteria.

Metagenomic Analysis of Liquor Starter Culture Revealed Beneficial Microbes' Presence.

Wines are complex matrices famous for their pleasant aroma and exceptional flavor. Baijiu (white wine) is a traditional Chinese liquor with a soft mouthfeel, fragrant taste, and long-lasting aftertaste. Baijiu is distilled from sorghum and wheat via solid fermentation.

Circulating microRNAs as emerging regulators of COVID-19.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an infectious disease caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a global pandemic that has high incidence rates, spreads rapidly, and has caused more than 6.5 million deaths globally to date. Currently, several drugs have been used in the clinical treatment of COVID-19, including antivirals (e.

GPX4 deficiency-dependent phospholipid peroxidation drives motor deficits of ALS.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by oxidative stress that triggers motor neurons loss in the brain and spinal cord. However, the mechanisms underlying the exact role of oxidative stress in ALS-associated neural degeneration are not definitively established. Oxidative stress-generated phospholipid peroxides are known to have extensive physiological and pathological consequences to tissues.