Functional Endoscopy.

Background: Functional endoscopy signifies a significant advancement in gastrointestinal examination, integrating motor function assessments alongside routine endoscopy findings. Traditional gastrointestinal endoscopy primarily focuses on the detection of early-stage cancer by identifying morphological changes within the gastrointestinal tract. These alterations include modifications in lumen structure, color tone, and surface patterns, which can be diagnosed using endoscopic images that assess these morphological changes.

Age-Based Comparative Analysis of Colorectal Cancer Colonoscopy Screening Findings.

: Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence is rapidly emerging among individuals <50 years, termed as early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC). This study aimed to probe variations in tumorigenic pathology and relevant manifestations (polyp and adenoma incidence) between suspected cases of EOCRC and late-onset CRC (LOCRC; ≥50 years of age). : Between September 2022 and February 2023, colonoscopy-based screening data from 1653 patients were included in this study.

ID1 expressing macrophages support cancer cell stemness and limit CD8 T cell infiltration in colorectal cancer.

Elimination of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and reinvigoration of antitumor immunity remain unmet challenges for cancer therapy. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) constitute the prominant population of immune cells in tumor tissues, contributing to the formation of CSC niches and a suppressive immune microenvironment. Here, we report that high expression of inhibitor of differentiation 1 (ID1) in TAMs correlates with poor outcome in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).

Abdominal compartment syndrome as a complication of endoscopic carbon dioxide insufflation in a patient with malignant bowel obstruction: a case report.

Background: A self-expandable metal stent is often placed as a bridge to elective surgical treatment of left-sided malignant obstruction of the colon because it allows for primary anastomosis without the need for a temporary stoma, which has a positive impact on the patient's quality of life. However, although a relatively safe procedure, colonic stenting can have complications that require emergency surgery. This case report describes a rare case of abdominal compartment syndrome that occurred as a complication of endoscopic insufflation during colonic stenting.

A novel twin-grasper assisted mucosal inverted closure technique for closing large artificial gastric mucosal defects.

Background: Large artificial gastric mucosal defects are always left unclosed for natural healing due to technique difficulties in closure. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and safety of a new Twin-grasper Assisted Mucosal Inverted Closure (TAMIC) technique in closing large artificial gastric mucosal defects.

Methods: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) was performed in fifteen pigs to create large gastric mucosal defects.

The role and mechanism of action of microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids in neutrophils: From the activation to becoming potential biomarkers.

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate, have emerged as critical mediators in the communication between the human microbiota and its host. As the first responder to the inflammatory site, neutrophils play an important role in protecting the host against bacterial infections. Recent investigations revealed that SCFAs generated from microbiota influence various neutrophil activities, including activation, migration, and generation of mediators of inflammatory processes.

Incomplete Intestinal Metaplasia of the Stomach Is more Related to Bile Reflux than Chronic Gastritis.

Objective: Incomplete intestinal metaplasia (IIM) of the stomach is associated with higher risk of progression to dysplasia and gastric cancer than complete intestinal metaplasia (CIM). Whether the causative factors underlying IIM are different from those underlying CIM is currently unknown. In a recent study, bile acids were found to induce gastric intestinal metaplasia (IM) in mice by activating STAT3 signaling and accelerated the development of dysplasia.

Frailty and pre-frailty with long-term risk of elderly-onset inflammatory bowel disease: A large-scale prospective cohort study.

Purpose: To investigate the prospective association of frailty status with the long-term risk of elderly-onset IBD in a large prospective cohort.

Methods: Participants free of IBD and cancer at enrollment from the UK Biobank cohort were included. Baseline pre-frail and frail status was measured by Fried phenotype including weight loss, exhaustion, low grip strength, low physical activity and slow walking pace, defined as meeting one or two criteria and meeting three or more criteria.

Serial Fecal Microbiota Infusions via Colonoscopy for Active Ulcerative Colitis: A Feasibility, Safety, and Translational Monocentric Italian Study.

The effectiveness of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in ulcerative colitis (UC) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of serial fecal infusions via colonoscopy in patients with active UC. Subjects with mild-to-moderate UC received three consecutive fecal infusions via colonoscopy.

RP11-789C1.1 inhibits gastric cancer cell proliferation and accelerates apoptosis via the ATR/CHK1 signaling pathway.

Background: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) plays an important role in the progression of gastric cancer (GC). Their involvement ranges from genetic regulation to cancer progression. However, the mechanistic roles of RP11-789C1.

Noninvasive graft monitoring using donor-derived cell-free DNA in Japanese liver transplantation.

Aim: To evaluate the use of donor-derived cell-free DNA (dd-cfDNA) in diagnosing graft injuries in Japanese liver transplantation (LTx), including family-related living donors.

Methods: A total of 321 samples from 10 newly operated LTx recipients were collected to monitor the early dynamics of dd-cfDNA levels after LTx. Fifty-five samples from 55 recipients were collected during protocol biopsies (PB), whereas 36 samples from 27 recipients were collected during event biopsies, consisting of 11 biopsy-proven acute rejection (AR), 20 acute dysfunctions without rejection (ADWR), and 5 chronic rejections.

Triangle-tip jet knife with hood attachment: novel modification to endoscopic knife.

Video 1Triangle-tip jet knife with hood attachment: a novel modification over existing endoscopic knife.

Endoscopic mucoplasty for benign esophageal strictures (multiple Schatzki rings).

Video 1Demonstration of endoscopic mucoplasty for benign esophageal strictures (multiple Schatzki rings).

Maximizing limited space: usefulness of percutaneous cricothyrotomy and super-soft hood for hypopharyngeal endoscopic submucosal dissection.

Video 1Demonstration of the usefulness of percutaneous cricothyrotomy and a super-soft hood for hypopharyngeal endoscopic submucosal dissection.

Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Locoregional Treatments for Solid Pancreatic Neoplasms.

Solid pancreatic neoplasms are one of the most diagnosed gastrointestinal malignancies thanks to the current and progressive advances in radiologic methods. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided techniques have over time gained a prominent role in the differential diagnosis and characterization of these pancreatic lesions, including pancreatic cancer, neuroendocrine tumors, and metastases. Recently, several endoscopic ultrasound-guided locoregional treatment techniques, which are divided into thermal ablative techniques and non-thermal injection techniques, have been developed and applied in different settings for the treatment of solid pancreatic neoplasms.

Integrative analysis of cancer-associated fibroblast signature in gastric cancer.

Background: CAFs regulate the signaling of GC cells by promoting their migration, invasion, and proliferation and the function of immune cells as well as their location and migration in the TME by remodeling the extracellular matrix (ECM). This study explored the understanding of the heterogeneity of CAFs in TME and laid the groundwork for GC biomarker and precision treatment development.

Methods: The scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq datasets were obtained from GEO and TCGA.

Avoiding threats, but not acquiring benefits, explains the effect of future time perspective on promoting health behavior.

Promoting health behavior among the public is always a pressing issue. The present research systematically investigated the association between future time perspective and adherence to health behavior including dietary habits, physical activities, and substance use in a Chinese college student sample ( = 519). Results showed that individuals with stronger future time perspective were more likely to adhere to health behavior.

Predicting Treatment Response in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Cross-Sectional Imaging Markers.

Therapeutic options for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) have largely expanded in the last decades, both in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, including multiple biological drugs targeting different inflammation pathways. However, choosing the best treatment and timing for each patient is still an undeniable challenge for IBD physicians due to the marked heterogeneity among patients and disease behavior. Therefore, early prediction of the response to biological drugs becomes of utmost importance, allowing prompt optimization of therapeutic strategies and thus paving the way towards precision medicine.

Whole exome sequencing of well-differentiated liposarcoma and dedifferentiated liposarcoma in older woman: a case report.

Background: Common kinds of soft tissue sarcomas (STS) include well-differentiated liposarcoma (WDLPS) and dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS). In this case, we present a comprehensive clinical profile of a patient who underwent multiple recurrences during the progression from WDLPS to DDLPS.

Case Presentation: A 62-year-old Asian female underwent retroperitoneal resection of a large tumor 11 years ago, the initial pathology revealed a fibrolipoma-like lesion.

Neutrophil extracellular traps-related signature predicts the prognosis and immune infiltration in gastric cancer.

Introduction: Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most prevalent cancer globally, with the third highest case fatality rate. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are a reticulated structure of DNA, histones, and antimicrobial peptides produced by active neutrophils that trap pathogens. Even though NETs are associated with poorer recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS), the specifics of this interaction between NETs and cancer cells are yet unknown.

Protein post-translational modifications: A key factor in colorectal cancer resistance mechanisms.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. Despite advances in treatment, drug resistance remains a critical impediment. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) regulate protein stability, localization, and activity, impacting vital cellular processes.