Thrombopoietin improves the functions of bone marrow endothelial progenitor cells via METTL16/Akt signalling of haematological patients with chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia.

Bone marrow endothelial progenitor cells (BM EPCs) are crucial in supporting haematopoietic regeneration, while the BM EPCs of haematological patients with chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia (CIT) are unavoidably damaged. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the effect of thrombopoietin (TPO) on the recovery of BM EPCs of CIT patients and to identify the underlying mechanisms. The cell functions were determined by 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (Dil)-acetylated low-density lipoprotein (Dil-Ac-LDL) uptake and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled Ulex europaeus agglutinin-I (FITC-UEA-I) binding assay, as well as proliferation, migration and tube formation experiments.

Machine learning-based analysis identifies and validates serum exosomal proteomic signatures for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer.

The potential of serum extracellular vesicles (EVs) as non-invasive biomarkers for diagnosing colorectal cancer (CRC) remains elusive. We employed an in-depth 4D-DIA proteomics and machine learning (ML) pipeline to identify key proteins, PF4 and AACT, for CRC diagnosis in serum EV samples from a discovery cohort of 37 cases. PF4 and AACT outperform traditional biomarkers, CEA and CA19-9, detected by ELISA in 912 individuals.

Loop9 closure technique for mucosal defects after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (with video).

Mucosal defect closure after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has the potential to reduce the occurrence of delayed adverse events (AEs) such as bleeding and perforation. This study aimed to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of the Loop9 method for closing mucosal defects following colorectal ESD. A retrospective single-center study was conducted using prospectively collected data from May 2020 to March 2023.

A nomogram predicting distant metastasis risk for gastric cancer patients with preoperative anemia: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Anemia represents a well-established risk factor for patients diagnosed with gastric cancer, and is often associated with an unfavorable prognosis. In this context, the timely prediction of distant metastasis risk in patients with anemic gastric cancer assumes paramount importance.

Methods: Information of gastric cancer patients complicated with preoperative anemia in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University was collected.

RN486, a Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor, antagonizes multidrug resistance in ABCG2-overexpressing cancer cells.

Background And Objectives: Overcoming ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2)-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR) has attracted the attention of scientists because one of the critical factors resulting in MDR in cancer is the overexpression of ABCG2. RN486, a Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) inhibitor, was discovered to potentially reverse ABCB1-mediated MDR. However, there is still uncertainty about whether RN486 has a reversal off-target impact on ABCG2-mediated MDR.

Closure in antireflux mucoplasty using anchor prong clips: dead space-eliminating technique.

Video 1Introducing the dead space eliminating technique (DET), a closure method using anchor pronged clips for antireflux mucoplasty in treating proton pump inhibitor refractory-dependent GERD. DET ensures comprehensive dead space elimination during closure.

Cap-EMR Ⅱ.

Video 1XXX.

Adjuvant 5-fluorouracil and portal vein infusion chemotherapy followed by gemcitabine for pancreatic cancer.

Background: Although adjuvant gemcitabine (GEM) monotherapy improves the overall survival (OS) of patients with resected pancreatic cancer, its efficacy requires further improvement. This multicenter, phase II study investigated the efficacy of adjuvant portal vein infusion (PVI) chemotherapy followed by GEM therapy in patients with resected pancreatic cancer.

Methods: 5-fluorouracil (250 mg/day) and heparin (2000 IU/day) PVI chemotherapy were combined with systemic administration of mitomycin C (4 mg; days 6, 13, 20, and 27) and cisplatin (10 mg; days 7, 14, 21, and 28) for 4 weeks (PI4W), followed by GEM (1000 mg/m2; days 1, 8, and 15 every 4 weeks for 6 months).

DDR1 Drives Malignant Progression of Gastric Cancer by Suppressing HIF-1α Ubiquitination and Degradation.

The extracellular matrix (ECM) has been demonstrated to be dysregulated and crucial for malignant progression in gastric cancer (GC), but the mechanism is not well understood. Here, that discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1), a principal ECM receptor, is recognized as a key driver of GC progression is reported. Mechanistically, DDR1 directly interacts with the PAS domain of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), suppresses its ubiquitination and subsequently strengthens its transcriptional regulation of angiogenesis.

Impact of peroral endoscopic myotomy on the endoscopic pressure study integrated system.

Objectives: The endoscopic pressure study integrated system (EPSIS) is an endoscopic diagnostic system utilized for evaluation of lower esophageal sphincter function. Although previous studies have determined that EPSIS was effective as a tool for the diagnosis of achalasia, it remains uncertain if EPSIS can detect significant changes before and after peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM), which is the premier treatment for achalasia. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of EPSIS as an objective diagnostic tool for assessing the clinical effect of POEM.

Endoscopic resection for gastric submucosal tumors: A single-center experience in Japan.

Objectives: Endoscopic resection (ER) for gastric submucosal tumors (SMTs) has gained prominence in recent years, with studies emerging from various countries. However, there is a paucity of reports from Japan. We aimed to elucidate the efficacy and safety of ER for gastric SMT in Japan.

NAT10 Overexpression Promotes Tumorigenesis and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Through AKT Pathway in Gastric Cancer.

Background: N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10), the only RNA cytosine acetyltransferase known in humans, contributes to cancer tumorigenesis and progression. This study aims to investigate the effect of NAT10 on the malignant biological properties of gastric cancer (GC) and its underlying mechanism.

Methods: The expression and prognostic significance of NAT10 in GC were analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Sun Yat-sen University (SYSU) cohorts.

Infant and adult human intestinal enteroids are morphologically and functionally distinct.

Unlabelled: Human intestinal enteroids (HIEs) are gaining recognition as physiologically relevant models of the intestinal epithelium. While HIEs from adults are used extensively in biomedical research, few studies have used HIEs from infants. Considering the dramatic developmental changes that occur during infancy, it is important to establish models that represent infant intestinal characteristics and physiological responses.

Fibrostenosing Crohn's Disease: Pathogenetic Mechanisms and New Therapeutic Horizons.

Bowel strictures are well recognized as one of the most severe complications in Crohn's disease, with variable impacts on the prognosis and often needing surgical or endoscopic treatment. Distinguishing inflammatory strictures from fibrotic ones is of primary importance due to the different therapeutic approaches required. Indeed, to better understand the pathogenesis of fibrosis, it is crucial to investigate molecular processes involving genetic factors, cytokines, alteration of the intestinal barrier, and epithelial and endothelial damage, leading to an increase in extracellular matrix synthesis, which ultimately ends in fibrosis.

Enhancing closure efficacy in antireflux mucoplasty through endoscopic hand-suturing technique.

Video 1XXX.

Patient derived cancer organoids model the response to HER2-CD3 bispecific antibody (BsAbHER2) generated from hydroxyapatite gene delivery system.

HER2-positive cancer is a prevalent subtype of malignancy with poor prognosis, yet current targeted therapies, like Trastuzumab and pyrotinib, have resulted in remission in patients with HER2-positive cancer. This study provides a novel approach for immunotherapy based on a hydroxyapatite (HA) gene delivery system producing a bispecific antibody for HER2-positive cancer treatment. An HA nanocarrier has been synthesized by the classical hydrothermal method.

Advancements in minimally invasive endoscopic treatment: Navigating deeper layers for upper gastrointestinal lesion.

The field of minimally invasive endoscopic treatment has seen a continual progression, marked by significant advancements in treatment devices and the refinement of endoscopic techniques. While endoscopic resection has become the standard for treating superficial gastrointestinal neoplasms, a proactive approach becomes imperative when dealing with lesions that extend beyond the submucosal layer and deeper into the muscularis propria. The ongoing evolution of endoscopic closure techniques has facilitated the introduction of advanced procedures such as endoscopic muscularis dissection, endoscopic subserosal dissection, and endoscopic full-thickness resection.

OLFM4 promotes the progression of intestinal metaplasia through activation of the MYH9/GSK3β/β-catenin pathway.

Background: Intestinal metaplasia (IM) is classified into complete intestinal metaplasia (CIM) and incomplete intestinal metaplasia (IIM). Patients diagnosed with IIM face an elevated susceptibility to the development of gastric cancer, underscoring the critical need for early screening measures. In addition to the complexities associated with diagnosis, the exact mechanisms driving the progression of gastric cancer in IIM patients remain poorly understood.

Unified Magnifying Endoscopic Classification (UMEC) of Gastrointestinal Lesions: A North American Validation Study.

Background And Study Aim: Magnifying endoscopy enables the diagnosis of advanced neoplasia throughout the gastrointestinal tract. The unified magnifying endoscopic classification (UMEC) framework unifies optical diagnosis criteria in the esophagus, stomach, and colon, dividing lesions into three categories: non-neoplastic, intramucosal neoplasia, and deep submucosal invasive cancer. This study aims to ascertain the performance of North American endoscopists when using the UMEC.