[Features of primary and recurrent ischemic stroke in men aged 18-50 years].

Objective: To evaluate the features of primary and recurrent stroke in men aged 18-50 years with atherothrombotic, lacunar, and cardioembolic subtypes.

Material And Methods: A total of 125 men with primary and recurrent stroke were included in the study. The main vascular risk factors and lifestyle-related risk factors were assessed.

SARS-CoV-2 surveillance and detection in wild, captive, and domesticated animals in Nebraska: 2021-2023.

Widespread surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 was conducted across wildlife, captive animals in zoological collections, and domestic cats in Nebraska from 2021 to 2023. The goal of this effort was to determine the prevalence, phylogenetic and spatial distribution characteristics of circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants using various diagnostic methodologies that can utilize both antemortem and postmortem samples, which may be required for wildlife such as white-tailed deer. Statewide surveillance testing revealed high variation in SARS-CoV-2 prevalence among species, with white-tailed deer identified as the primary reservoir.

Investigating the role of the metabolic score for visceral Fat in assessing the prevalence of chronic kidney disease from the NHANES 1999-2018.

This study investigates the association between the Metabolic Score for Visceral Fat (METS-VF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), assessing METS-VF as a potential predictor of CKD risk. Utilizing data from the 1999-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), this cross-sectional study included 24,387 adult participants. Multivariable logistic regression, restricted cubic spline models, and threshold effect analyses were employed to explore the relationship.

Biodegradable Vanadium-Based Nanomaterials for Photothermal-Enhanced Tumor Ferroptosis and Pyroptosis.

The designability and high reactivity of nanotechnology provide strategies for antitumor therapy by regulating the redox state in tumor cells. Here, we synthesize a kind of vanadium dioxide nanoparticle encapsulated in bovine serum albumin and containing disulfide bonds (VSB NPs) for photothermal-enhanced ferroptosis and pyroptosis effects. Mechanism studies show that disulfide bonds can effectively consume overexpressed glutathione (GSH) in the tumor microenvironment, leading to a decrease in glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) activity.

Environmental contaminants assessment for frequently harvested migratory waterfowl in the Northeast Atlantic flyway.

Waterfowl serve as indicators of ecosystem health and represent a pathway of contaminant exposure for hunters who consume them. In the northeast Atlantic Flyway, data on baseline contaminant loads in waterfowl are lacking. We assessed five species of commonly harvested (and consumed) waterfowl for mercury, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS).

Dynamics and diversity of vaginal microbiota in bacterial vaginosis among Thai patients treated with metronidazole.

Background: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a significant global public health issue due to its high recurrence rate and association with various adverse health effects. Understanding the composition and dynamics of the vaginal microbiota (VMB) is essential for better understanding of vaginal health and for developing effective strategies to improve BV management. The study aimed to determine the composition and diversity of the VMB in Thai women with BV before and after metronidazole (MTZ) treatment, and in healthy women.

Epidemiology of Mucopolysaccharidosis Type II According to the Register of the Russian Federation.

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the epidemiological, clinical, and molecular data of mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II) patients and their outcomes using the national registry of patients in the Russian Federation (RF). Materials and Methods: In the retrospective cohort study, the authors included data from the Russian national registry of MPS II. Results: The prevalence of MPS II in RF is 0.

Structural variation in nebulin and its implications on phenotype and inheritance: establishing a dominant distal phenotype caused by large deletions.

Introduction: Structural variants (SVs) of the nebulin gene (), including intragenic duplications, deletions, and copy number variation of the triplicate region, are an established cause of recessively inherited nemaline myopathies and related neuromuscular disorders. Large deletions have been shown to cause dominantly inherited distal myopathies. Here we provide an overview of 35 families with muscle disorders caused by such SVs in .

Skin Physiological Parameters and Their Association with Severe Atopic Dermatitis in Mongolian Children.

: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic skin condition that weakens the skin barrier, leading to increased trans-epidermal water loss and reduced skin moisture. Understanding how these changes in the skin barrier relate to AD severity in Mongolian children may offer insights that could apply to other regions facing similar environmental challenges. : A cross-sectional study was conducted at the National Dermatology Center of Mongolia, involving 103 children with AD.

Wood-Inhabiting Nematode, sp. n. (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) from David Elm, with Molecular Phylogeny of the Genus Based on Partial Mitochondrial Genomes.

A new nematode species, sp. n. is described in the bark beetle-elm tree association ( and var.

Multiomics dissection of human RAG deficiency reveals distinctive patterns of immune dysregulation but a common inflammatory signature.

Human recombination-activating gene (RAG) deficiency can manifest with distinct clinical and immunological phenotypes. By applying a multiomics approach to a large group of -mutated patients, we aimed at characterizing the immunopathology associated with each phenotype. Although defective T and B cell development is common to all phenotypes, patients with hypomorphic variants can generate T and B cells with signatures of immune dysregulation and produce autoantibodies to a broad range of self-antigens, including type I interferons.

ALG8-CDG: Advances in Molecular and Prenatal Phenotyping Facilitate Prenatal Diagnosis and Genetic Counseling.

Background: ALG8-congenital disorder of glycosylation (ALG8-CDG) is a rare inherited metabolic disorder leading to severe multisystem manifestations, with no reported prenatal patients to date.

Methods: We describe two fetuses from a single family with ALG8-CDG presenting with prenatal hydrops, undergoing comprehensive prenatal ultrasound, umbilical cord blood biochemistry, autopsy, placental pathology, and genetic testing.

Results: Prenatal ultrasound revealed fetal hydrops, skeletal anomalies, cardiac developmental abnormalities, cataracts, echogenic kidneys and bowel, oligohydramnios, choroid plexus cysts, and intrauterine growth restriction.

Analysis of blood flow velocity variability in middle cerebral artery stenosis using transcranial color-coded sonography.

Background: High variability of intracranial arterial blood flow velocities by Transcranial color-coded sonography (TCCS) has been found in clinical practice. This study aimed to improve diagnostic accuracy by analyzing influencing factors of middle cerebral artery (MCA) blood flow velocity detected by TCCS.

Methods: In total, 328 MCA vessels were classified as normal (27.

Efficacy outcomes of CDK4/6 inhibitors in combination with endocrine therapy treatment in hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative advanced breast cancer according to PAM50 intrinsic subtype: Primary results of SOLTI-1801 CDK-PREDICT study.

Introduction: The prognostic value of PAM50 intrinsic subtypes (IS), cell cycle, and immune-related gene expression in HR+ /HER2- advanced breast cancer (BC) treated with CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) and endocrine therapy (ET) in a first-line metastatic setting is unclear. This study evaluates these biomarkers in metastatic biopsies from patients diagnosed with HR+ /HER2- advanced BC.

Methods: CDK-PREDICT study is a multicentric, ambispective observational cohort study conducted in six Spanish hospitals.

Feasibility of digital phenotyping based on continuous glucose monitoring to support personalized lifestyle medicine in type 2 diabetes.

Objectives: Type 2 diabetes is a highly prevalent age-related chronic condition, with complex and heterogeneous pathogenesis. A 5-point oral glucose tolerance test can identify type 2 diabetes subtypes or "diabetypes" based on the degree of insulin resistance in muscle and/or liver, and beta-cell dysfunction. Due to its costly and invasive nature, the oral glucose tolerance test is not scalable.

Histologically confirmed pediatric extracardiac rhabdomyoma: case series.

Rhabdomyoma is a rare benign tumor of striated muscle, which can be either cardiac or extracardiac. Extracardiac rhabdomyomas can occur throughout the body, though the fetal and adult subtypes are most commonly found in the head and neck region.We present three pediatric cases of extracardiac rhabdomyoma, fetal subtype, detailing their clinical presentations, computed tomography imaging, and tissue biopsy findings.

Encapsulation, vacuolation, and phagocytosis of the opportunistic fungal pathogen Cryptococcus in the liver of an immunocompetent host.

The cellular characteristics of the opportunistic fungal pathogen Cryptococcus species were investigated in the infected liver of an immunocompetent host using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). With no records of immunodeficiency, the 3-year-old female patient displayed a high-grade fever, lethargy, and increasing jaundice. TEM analysis revealed the presence of round yeast cells in the patient's liver.

Regulation of fibronectin and collagens type I, III and VI by TNF-α, TGF-β, IL-13, and tofacitinib.

Understanding how inflammatory cytokines influence profibrogenic wound healing responses in fibroblasts is important for understanding the pathogenesis of fibrosis. TNF-α and IL-13 are key cytokines in Th1 and Th2 immune responses, respectively, while TGF-β1 is the principal pro-fibrotic mediator. We show that 12-day fibroblast culture with TNF-α or IL-13 induces fibrogenesis, marked by progressively increasing type III and VI collagen formation, and that TGF-β1 co-stimulation amplifies these effects.