Effect of digital health applications with or without gamification on physical activity and cardiometabolic risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Use of health applications (apps) to support healthy lifestyles has intensified. Different app features may support effectiveness, including gamification defined as the use of game elements in a non-game situation. Whether health apps with gamification can impact behaviour change and cardiometabolic risk factors remains unknown.

Association between glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists use and change in alcohol consumption: a systematic review.

Background: Despite the availability of various pharmacological and behavioural interventions, alcohol-related mortality is rising. This systematic review aimed to critically evaluate the existing literature on the association between glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists use (GLP-1 RAs) and alcohol consumption.

Methods: Electronic searches were conducted on Ovid Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, clintrials.

Intricacies during pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus.

The study by Cao aimed to identify early second-trimester biomarkers that could predict gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) development using advanced proteomic techniques, such as Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Their analysis revealed 47 differentially expressed proteins in the GDM group, with retinol-binding protein 4 and angiopoietin-like 8 showing significantly elevated serum levels compared to controls. Although these findings are promising, the study is limited by its small sample size ( = 4 per group) and lacks essential details on the reproducibility and reliability of the protein quantification methods used.

Use of the Hyperbaric Chamber Versus Conventional Treatment for the Prevention of Amputation in Chronic Diabetic Foot and the Influence on Fitting and Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common chronic endocrine diseases, characterized by hyperglycemia, due to abnormal nitric oxide synthesis. The trend of an increase in the number of patients with DM continues. The medical and economic burden of DM is not only associated with hyperglycemia management but also with the management of DM-related complications.

The effects of aerobic exercise on 24-hour mean blood glucose levels measured by continuous glucose monitoring in type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis.

Purpose: To examine the effects of structured aerobic exercise on 24-hour mean blood glucose outcomes assessed by continuous glucose monitors in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: The study established specific inclusion and exclusion criteria and conducted a comprehensive search across five databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and EBSCOhost from the start year of each database's coverage to 22 July 2024. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Cochrane Handbook 5.

Triglycerides to apolipoprotein A1 ratio: an effective insulin resistance-associated index in identifying metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: The triglycerides to Apolipoprotein A1 ratio (TG/APOA1) holds promise to be a more valuable index of insulin resistance for the diagnosis of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aims to evaluate the correlation between TG/APOA1 and MAFLD, as well as compare the efficacy of TG/APOA1 with triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-c) and triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index in identifying MAFLD among individuals with T2DM.

Method: This study consecutively recruited 779 individuals with T2DM for the investigation.

Significant association between insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2, interleukin-6 polymorphisms, and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: The study aimed to detect the association between insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) polymorphisms among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Materials And Methods: This study involved 500 individuals; 250 obese DM cases and 250 healthy controls. The polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to identify the genotype of the IGF2BP2 gene for the small nucleoproteins rs4402960 (G>T) and small nucleoproteins rs800795 (G>C).

Untargeted metabolomics profiling of gestational diabetes mellitus: insights into early diagnosis and metabolic pathway alterations.

Introduction: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a metabolic disorder marked by Q10 hyperglycemia that can negatively affect both mothers and newborns. The increasing prevalence of GDM and the limitations associated with the standard diagnostic test highlight the urgent need for early screening strategies that promote timely interventions.

Methods: This study aims to investigate the metabolic profile associated with GDM through an untargeted metabolomic analysis using mass spectrometry (MS)- based omics.

Evaluating the Risk of Comorbidity Onset in Elderly Patients After a Cancer Diagnosis.

Cancer is a critical disease that affects a person physically, mentally, socially, and in many other aspects. During the treatment stage of cancer, patients suffer from various health complexities, especially elderly people, which might result in the onset of other diseases development of a comorbid condition. Several studies have shown comorbidity plays a crucial role in cancer survival.

Trends and projections of type 2 diabetes mellitus in South Asia: a three-decade analysis and forecast through 2031 using global burden of disease study (1990 - 2021).

Background: The rapid rise of non-communicable diseases, particularly type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), poses a significant global public health challenge, with South Asia experiencing an increasingly severe burden. This study aimed to analyse historical trends of T2DM across South Asia from 1990 to 2021 and forecast incidence through 2031.

Research Design And Methods: We carried out analysis based on the data from the 2021 Global burden of disease study.

L-type Calcium Channel Blockade Worsens Glucose Tolerance and β-Cell Function in C57BL6/J Mice Exposed to Intermittent Hypoxia.

Intermittent hypoxemia (IH), a pathophysiologic consequence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), adversely affects insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, and glucose tolerance. Nifedipine, an L-type calcium channel blocker frequently used for treatment of hypertension, can also impair insulin sensitivity and secretion. However, the cumulative and interactive repercussions of IH and nifedipine on glucose homeostasis have not been previously investigated.

Stakeholder perspectives on facilitators and barriers to implementing a zero-dollar copay program for chronic conditions study.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) remains a pressing public health concern. Despite advancements in antidiabetic medications, suboptimal medication adherence persists among many individuals with T2D, often due to the high cost of medications. To combat this issue, Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Louisiana (Blue Cross) introduced the $0 Drug Copay (ZDC) program, providing $0 copays for select drugs.

The impact of COVID-19 on HIV care: a comprehensive analysis of patient and healthcare providers experiences at the largest HIV treatment center in Ghana.

Background: We sought to determine how the COVID-19 pandemic affected care delivery for HIV patients in Ghana.

Methods: Guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), we performed a cross-sectional study between May and July 2021 among 40 people living with HIV and 19 healthcare providers caring for HIV patients. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions were done with HIV patients, doctors, nurses, pharmacists, laboratory scientists, data scientists, administrators, and counselors to ascertain barriers and facilitators to HIV care during the pandemic.

Metabolic syndrome index measurement tool (MSI): scale development, reliability and validity study.

Aim: Identifying the risks of metabolic syndrome (MetS) can lead to early targeted interventions and thus contribute to improved quality of life by reducing the risk of developing MetS, diabetes or heart disease in the future. We aimed to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool to measure the MetS risk of the population.

Materials And Methods: In the methodological study, an item pool was created by reviewing the literature.

Detection rate and clinical characteristics of coexisting autoimmune diseases in children with Graves' disease: a single-center study from China.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the detection rate of autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome (APS) among children with Graves' disease (GD) at a single center and to compare clinical characteristics between those with isolated GD and those GD with APS (APS-GD).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 555 patients and were categorized into isolated GD and APS-GD groups based on their progression status. The time for FT to return to normal was used as an indicator of short-term treatment effectiveness.

Efficacy and Limitations of Continuous Local Antibiotic Perfusion in Treating Surgical Site Infections Following Instrumented Spinal Surgery: A Retrospective Multicenter Study.

Introduction: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most serious postoperative complications following instrumented spinal surgery. We previously reported the potential of continuous local antibiotic perfusion (CLAP) to retain implants for patients with SSI following instrumented spinal surgery. We conducted a retrospective multicenter study to elucidate the efficacy and limitations of CLAP for patients with SSI following instrumented spinal surgery.

Co-occurring Psychopathology in Children With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): Differences by Sex in the ECHO Cohorts.

Purpose: Our goals were to: 1) examine the occurrence of behavioral and emotional symptoms in children on the autism spectrum in a large national sample, stratifying by sex, and 2) evaluate whether children with increased autism-related social communication deficits also experience more behavioral and emotional problems.

Methods:  Participants (n = 7,998) were from 37 cohorts from the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program. Cross-sectional information on demographic factors, parent-report of an ASD diagnosis by clinician, Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) scores, and Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) scores were obtained for children aged 2.

Impact of an Antenatal Family-based Behavioral Treatment with a Nutrition and Exercise Lifestyle Intervention Program on Infant Weight-for-length at Birth.

Background: World Health Organization (WHO) growth standards, including weight-for-length, are used to monitor infant size. Excessive infant weight-for-length at or above the 85th percentile is a risk for childhood overweight. Although antenatal interventions like the nutrition and exercise lifestyle intervention program (NELIP) have successfully prevented excessive gestational weight gain, strategies to improve the intervention remain of interest.

Prognostic implications of system inflammation response index in atrial fibrillation patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Systemic inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis and prognosis of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. System inflammation response index (SIRI), is an emerging biomarker designed to assess the extent of systemic inflammation. We aimed to delineate the prognostic significance of SIRI in patients with both AF and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Mortality causes and health spending by gender and health conditions in octogenarians, nonagenarians and centenarians in Colombia.

This document determines the causes of mortality (2008-2022) and calculate per capita health expenditure (2013-2021) in octogenarians, nonagenarians and centenarians in the Colombian population, considering year, gender and age group. For this nationwide retrospective descriptive observational study, epidemiological regions, urban/rural areas and morbidities were also studied. A mean of 75,552 deaths was observed from 2008 to 2022.

Prevalence of and factors associated with long COVID among diverse healthcare workers in the UK: a cross-sectional analysis of a nationwide study (UK-REACH).

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of UK healthcare workers (HCWs) who reported symptoms of COVID-19 lasting for longer than 5 weeks and examine associated factors with experiencing long COVID in an ethnically diverse cohort.

Design: A cross-sectional study using data from the UK Research study into Ethnicity And COVID-19 Outcomes in HCWs cohort study.

Setting: Data were collected electronically between December 2020 and March 2021.

Birth weight and head circumference for 22-29 weeks gestation neonates from an international cohort.

Objective: Size at birth is a key indicator of in utero growth. Our objective was to generate sex-specific percentiles for birth weight and head circumference in neonates born between 22 and 29 weeks gestation from pregnancies without hypertension or diabetes and assess differences between vaginal and caesarean births and between singletons and twins.

Methods: We used data from 12 countries participating in the International Network for Evaluating Outcomes in Neonates database from 2007 to 2021.

Pain in rheumatoid arthritis: Emerging role of high mobility group box 1 protein-HMGB1.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease where pain, driven by both inflammatory and non-inflammatory processes, is a major concern for patients. This pain can persist even after joint inflammation subsides. High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is a non-histone-DNA binding protein located in the nucleus that plays a key role in processes such as DNA transcription, recombination, and replication.

Pediococcus acidilactici CECT 9879 (pA1c®) and heat inactivated pA1c® (pA1c® HI) ameliorate gestational diabetes mellitus in mice.

Aims: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common complication of pregnancy and is known to be associated with an increased risk of postpartum metabolic disease. Based on the important role that the intestinal microbiota plays in blood glucose regulation and insulin sensitivity, supplementation of probiotic and postbiotic strains could improve glucose metabolism and tolerance in GDM.

Main Methods: 56 4-week-old female C57BL/6J-mice were divided into 4 groups (n = 14 animals/group): control (CNT), high-fat/high-sucrose (HFS), pA1c® alive (pA1c®) and heat-inactivated pA1c® (pA1c®HI).

Insights into the progressive impact of high-fat-diet induced insulin resistance on skeletal muscle and myocardium: A comprehensive study on C57BL6 mice.

This study aims to provide a theoretical foundation for the future management of diabetes at various stages induced by a high-fat diet. Specifically, it seeks to determine the appropriate pharmacological interventions for each phase of diabetes development and the targeted therapeutic directions at different stages of diabetes progression. This investigation employed C57BL6 mice as experimental subjects, successfully establishing an insulin resistance model through a 12-week high-fat diet.