The potential mechanisms underlying phthalate-induced hypospadias: a systematic review of rodent model studies.

Objectives: Maternal exposure to environmental endocrine disruptors, such as phthalates, during pregnancy is a significant risk factor for the development of hypospadias. By consolidating existing research on the mechanisms by which phthalates induce hypospadias in rodent models, this systematic review aims to organize and analyze the discovered mechanisms and their potential connections.

Methods: The study involved all articles that explored the mechanisms of phthalate-induced hypospadias using rodent models.

The effect of lumbar multifidus muscle degeneration on upper lumbar disc herniation.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of lumbar multifidus muscle (MF) degeneration on upper lumbar disc herniation (ULDH).

Methods: This study used 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T2 axial weighted images to retrospectively analyze 93 ULDH patients and 111 healthy participants.

Machine learning model for early prediction of survival in gallbladder adenocarcinoma: A comparison study.

The prognosis for gallbladder adenocarcinoma (GBAC), a highly malignant cancer, is not good. In order to facilitate individualized risk stratification and improve clinical decision-making, this study set out to create and validate a machine learning model that could accurately predict early survival outcomes in GBAC patients. Five models-RSF, Cox regression, GBM, XGBoost, and Deepsurv-were compared using data from the SEER database (2010-2020).

Association between average mean arterial pressure and 30-day mortality in critically ill patients with sepsis and primary hypertension: a retrospective analysis.

Sepsis and hypertension pose significant health risks, yet the optimal mean arterial pressure (MAP) target for resuscitation remains uncertain. This study investigates the association between average MAP (a-MAP) within the initial 24 h of intensive care unit admission and clinical outcomes in patients with sepsis and primary hypertension using the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC) IV database. Multivariable Cox regression assessed the association between a-MAP and 30-day mortality.

Preliminary study on the ability of the machine learning models based on F-FDG PET/CT to differentiate between mass-forming pancreatic lymphoma and pancreatic carcinoma.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to preliminarily assess the ability of metabolic parameters and radiomics derived from F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) to distinguish mass-forming pancreatic lymphoma from pancreatic carcinoma using machine learning.

Methods: A total of 88 lesions from 86 patients diagnosed as mass-forming pancreatic lymphoma or pancreatic carcinoma were included and randomly divided into a training set and a validation set at a 4-to-1 ratio. The segmentation of regions of interest was performed using ITK-SNAP software, PET metabolic parameters and radiomics features were extracted using 3Dslicer and PYTHON.

MRI-based intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics for preoperative prediction of glioma grade: a multicenter study.

Background: Accurate preoperative prediction of glioma is crucial for developing individualized treatment decisions and assessing prognosis. In this study, we aimed to establish and evaluate the value of integrated models by incorporating the intratumoral and peritumoral features from conventional MRI and clinical characteristics in the prediction of glioma grade.

Methods: A total of 213 glioma patients from two centers were included in the retrospective analysis, among which, 132 patients were classified as the training cohort and internal validation set, and the remaining 81 patients were zoned as the independent external testing cohort.

Health-related quality of life after total knee arthroplasty and unicompartmental knee arthroplasty for unicompartmental osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: While previous research has demonstrated potential advantages of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) over total knee arthroplasty (TKA), particularly in terms of clinical outcomes such as function and pain relief, the specific impact on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to address this gap by comparing HRQOL outcomes between UKA and TKA, providing valuable insights for clinical decision-making.

Methods: We conducted a literature search in the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials (CENTRAL), and Web of Science databases up to July 15, 2023.

Dietary fiber intake and its association with diabetic kidney disease in American adults with diabetes: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Dietary fiber (DF) intake may have a protective effect against type 2 diabetes (T2D); however, its relationship with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains unclear.

Aim: To investigate the potential association between DF intake and the prevalence of DKD in individuals diagnosed with T2D.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey collected between 2005 and 2018.

Parotid metastasis of rare lung adenocarcinoma: A case report.

Background: Lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of malignancy-related deaths worldwide. The most common sites of metastasis include the nervous system, bone, liver, respiratory system, and adrenal glands. LC metastasis in the parotid gland is very rare, and its diagnosis presents a challenge.

F-FDG PET/CT assists the diagnosis of primary pancreatic lymphoma: Two case reports and literature review.

Primary pancreatic lymphoma (PPL) is a rare malignancy, which is defined as a mass centered in pancreas with involvement of contiguous lymph nodes and distant spread may exist. Accurate diagnosis of PPL prior to pathological confirmation remains challenging, underscoring the critical significance of preoperative imaging assessments. This case report collected two instances of PPL that underwent initial evaluation via F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) between August 2021 and July 2022.