Decreased childhood asthma hospitalizations linked to hotter, drier climate with lower wind speed in drylands.

Climate change poses a significant threat to human health. Long-term climate effects on childhood asthma hospitalizations depend on the population's geographic region. These effects in tropical drylands are not well understood.

Nonpharmacological Management of Dental Anxiety in the General Population and Individuals With Learning Disabilities: A Bibliometric Analysis.

Aims: Dental anxiety (DA) is reported among the general population, including individuals with learning disabilities (LDs). In many studies, nonpharmacological interventions have been applied to significantly improve DA among patients. This study aimed to examine publication trends and patterns in both populations to identify the current research trends and literature gaps.

Functional genomics implicates ebony in the black pupae phenotype of tephritid fruit flies.

The remarkable diversity of insect pigmentation offers a captivating avenue for studying evolution and genetics. In tephritids, understanding the molecular basis of mutant traits is also crucial for applied entomology, enabling the creation of genetic sexing strains through genome editing, thus facilitating sex-sorting before sterile insect releases. Here, we present evidence from classical and modern genetics showing that the black pupae (bp) phenotype in the GUA10 strain of Anastrepha ludens is caused by a large deletion at the ebony locus, removing the gene's entire coding region.

Probiotic viability in the gastrointestinal tract in a randomised placebo controlled trial: combining molecular biology and novel cultivation techniques.

Understanding the viability of ingested probiotics within the gastrointestinal tract is essential for evaluating their efficacy and deciphering their mechanisms of action. Detecting Bifidobacterium longum subspecies longum BB536 is particularly challenging owing to its indistinguishability from the naturally abundant B. longum species in the human gut.

DNA methylation patterns are influenced by Pax3::Foxo1 expression and developmental lineage in rhabdomyosarcoma tumours forming in genetically engineered mouse models.

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a family of phenotypically myogenic paediatric cancers consisting of two major subtypes: fusion-positive (FP) RMS, most commonly involving the PAX3::FOXO1 fusion gene, formed by the fusion of paired box 3 (PAX3) and forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) genes, and fusion-negative (FN) RMS, lacking these gene fusions. In humans, DNA methylation patterns distinguish these two subtypes as well as mutation-associated subsets within these subtypes. To investigate the biological factors responsible for these methylation differences, we profiled DNA methylation in RMS tumours derived from genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) in which various driver mutations were introduced into different myogenic lineages.

Comprehensive dataset from high resolution UAV land cover mapping of diverse natural environments in Serbia.

This study highlights the vital role of high-resolution (HR), open-source land cover maps for food security, land use planning, and environmental protection. The scarcity of freely available HR datasets underscores the importance of multi-spectral HR aerial images. We used unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to capture images for a centimeter-level orthomosaics, facilitating advanced remote sensing and spatial analysis.

Reducing fragmentation of primary healthcare financing for more equitable, people-centred primary healthcare.

Despite primary healthcare (PHC) being recognised in global declarations-Alma Ata in 1978 and Astana in 2018-and prioritised in national health strategies, chronic under-resourcing of PHC persists in most low-income and middle-income countries. More public spending is needed for PHC, but macrofiscal and political constraints often limit the ability of governments to allocate more public resources to PHC. Under-resourcing has been compounded by fragmented and rigid funding flows, which are inefficient and may erode equity, quality of care and public trust in PHC.

Mangrove flourishing/deterioration under the control of the Indian Summer Monsoon over the past ∼3,195 years in Phang Nga Province, Thailand.

Mangrove wetlands are strategic locations for mitigating climate changes. In order to address the harm of rapid climate change to mangrove ecosystems, it is necessary to scientifically predict the fate of mangrove ecosystems, which can be achieved by reconstructing the development history of mangrove forests. This study analyzes the contribution of mangrove-derived organic matter (CMOM) from sediment core F in Phang Nga Province, Thailand by using the endmember mixing model based on stable organic carbon isotopes (δC) and C/N (molar) ratio.

Recent Advances in Polymorphism of Organic Solar Cells.

As organic solar cells (OSCs) achieve notable advancements, a significant consensus has been highlighted that the device performance is intricately linked to the active layer morphology. With conjugated molecules being widely employed, intermolecular interactions exert substantial influence over the aggregation state and morphology formation, resulting in distinct molecular packing motifs, also known as polymorphism. This phenomenon is closely associated with processing conditions and exerts a profound impact on functional properties.

Intestinal barrier function, caecal microbiota and growth performance of thermoneutral or heat stressed broiler chickens fed reduced crude protein diets supplemented with guanidinoacetic acid.

The effectiveness of guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) in reduced protein (RP) diets on performance and gut health of broilers under heat stress is largely unknown. A 35-d experiment was conducted using four dietary treatments: a standard protein diet (SP, 22.1 and 20.

Spillover of active oxygen intermediates of binary RuO/NbO nanowires for highly active and robust acidic oxygen evolution.

Over-oxidation of surface ruthenium active sites of RuO-based electrocatalysts leads to the formation of soluble high-valent Ru species and subsequent structural collapse of electrocatalysts, which results in their low stability for the acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, a binary RuO/NbO electrocatalyst with abundant and intimate interfaces has been rationally designed and synthesized to enhance its OER activity in acidic electrolyte, delivering a low overpotential of 179 mV at 10 mA cm, a small Tafel slope of 73 mV dec, and a stabilized catalytic durability over a period of 750 h. Extensive experiments have demonstrated that the spillover of active oxygen intermediates from RuO to NbO and the subsequent participation of lattice oxygen of NbO instead of RuO for the acidic OER suppressed the over-oxidation of surface ruthenium species and thereby improved the catalytic stability of the binary electrocatalysts.

Design of a Multiepitope Pan-Proteomic mRNA Vaccine Construct Against African Swine Fever Virus: A Reverse Vaccinology Approach.

African swine fever (ASF), caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV), is a highly contagious disease with devastating effects on the global pig industry. This warrants the development of effective control strategies, such as vaccines. However, previously developed inactivated vaccines have proven ineffective, while live-attenuated vaccines carry inherent safety risks.

Physicochemical and Sensory Analysis of Sorghum, Rice, and Teff Flours Blending With Flaxseed Flour for Better Quality .

This study investigates the optimization of four gluten free flours namely sorghum, rice, teff flours, and 3% flaxseed flour blends to enhance the quality , which was traditionally baked with only pure teff. Utilizing a D-optimal mixture design, ratios were varied (sorghum 43%-50%, rice 20%-27%, teff 23%-30%). Methods followed AOAC and AACC standards, analyzed using Minitab 19.

The potential of digital health interventions to address health system challenges in Southeast Asia: A scoping review.

Objective: The World Health Organization (WHO) Southeast Asian region, comprising a quarter of the global population, faces significant healthcare challenges influenced by diverse economic and social conditions. The objective of this study is to map the Digital Health Intervention (DHI) functionalities across the nine axes of the healthcare system challenges (HSCs) model; we use WHO's DHIs classification framework and the Health System Challenges model. Our study findings help identify the gaps in the potential of the existing DHIs in addressing health system challenges in low- and middle-income countries.

Impact of aeration on plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria assisted phytoremediation capability of arsenic in artificial wetland system.

The increasing demand for sustainable, robust, and cost-efficient arsenic (As) treatment techniques strengthens the implementation of new constructed wetland (CW) designs like aerated CWs in the agricultural sector. The aim was to assess and contrast the influence of various aeration rates on As elimination in subsurface flow CW utilizing plants for treating As-polluted sand. This study consisted of an experiment with 16 subsurface flow CW, operating at different As concentrations of 0, 5, 22, and 39 mg kg and aeration rates of 0, 0.

Seroprevalence, incidence estimates, and environmental risk factors for dengue, chikungunya, and Zika infection amongst children living in informal urban settlements in Indonesia and Fiji.

Background: The burden of Aedes aegypti-transmitted viruses such as dengue, chikungunya, and Zika are increasing globally, fueled by urbanization and climate change, with some of the highest current rates of transmission in Asia. Local factors in the built environment have the potential to exacerbate or mitigate transmission.

Methods: In 24 informal urban settlements in Makassar, Indonesia and Suva, Fiji, we tested children under 5 years old for evidence of prior infection with dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses by IgG serology.

Prevalence and impact of parental co-morbid anxiety and depression during the first 2 years postpartum in China.

Background: Parental postpartum co-morbid anxiety and depression negatively impact personal well-being, family dynamics, and child developmental outcomes. This study investigates the prevalence of co-morbid anxiety and depression in both mothers and fathers during the first 2 years postpartum in China, and to explore its associations with parental family support, maternal health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and child development.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in China, involving families with children aged 0-2 years who participated in community child health care.

Passion fruit seed extract protects hydrogen peroxide-induced cell damage in human retinal pigment epithelium ARPE-19 cells.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of vision loss among adults. We investigated the protective effects of passion fruit seed extract (PFSE) and its rich polyphenol piceatannol in an AMD cell model in which human retinal pigment epithelial ARPE-19 cells were exposed to hydrogen peroxide (HO). Using a cell viability WST-8 assay, we revealed that PFSE and piceatannol increased the cellular viability of ARPE-19 cells by 130% and 133%, respectively.

Biocomposite Active Whey Protein Films with Thyme Reinforced by Electrospun Polylactic Acid Fiber Mat.

Electrospinning is a versatile technique for obtaining nano/micro fibers which are able to significantly change the active properties of composite materials and bring in new dimensions to agri-food applications. Composite bio-based packaging materials obtained from whey proteins, functionalized with thyme essential oil (TEO) and reinforced by electrospun polylactic acid (PLA) fibers, represent a promising solution for developing new active food packaging using environmentally friendly materials. The aim of this study is to obtain and characterize one-side-active composite films covered with a PLA fiber mat: (i) WF/G1, WF/G2, and WF/G3 resulting from electrospinning with one needle at different electrospinning times of 90, 150, and 210 min, respectively, and (ii) WF/G4 obtained with two face-to-face needles after 210 min of electrospinning.

Secretome of the Olfactory Ensheathing Cells Influences the Behavior of Neural Stem Cells.

Olfactory ensheathing cell (OEC) transplantation demonstrates promising therapeutic results in neurological disorders, such as spinal cord injury. The emerging cell-free secretome therapy compensates for the limitations of cell transplantation, such as low cell survival rates. However, the therapeutic benefits of the human OEC secretome remain unclear.

Portrait of a Cerebral Killer.

: Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) caused by is a rare and devastating infection of the central nervous system, often diagnosed late, due to its rapid progression and nonspecific symptoms. We report one of the youngest documented pediatric Vietnamese cases of PAM in a 10-month-old girl from the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. The diagnosis was confirmed through multiplex real-time PCR (MPL-rPCR), microscopy, and sequencing.

Applications of Natural Polymers in the Grapevine Industry: Plant Protection and Value-Added Utilization of Waste.

The grapevine industry is confronted with challenges such as plant stress from environmental factors and microbial infections, alongside the need for sustainable waste management practices. Natural polymers offer promising solutions to these issues due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and functional versatility. This review explores the dual role of natural polymers in enhancing the grapevine industry: as protective agents against various stressors and as carriers for the delivery of valuable compounds recovered from grapevine wastes.

Biochar@MIL-88A(Fe) accelerates direct interspecies electron transfer and hydrogen transfer in waste activated sludge anaerobic digestion: Exploring electron transfer and biomolecular mechanisms.

Adding additives exogenously is an effective strategy to enhance methanogenic activity and improve AD stability. Corn straw-based biochar@MIL-88A(Fe) (BM) was synthesized herewith and used as an exogenous additive to boost methane (CH) production. After adding BM at 250 mg/g WAS VS, the accumulative CH production and maximum CH yield increased by 1.