Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 (PCSK9) Inhibitors as Adjunct Therapy to Statins: A New Frontier in Cardiovascular Risk Reduction.

Lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) plasma levels is crucial for the prevention of primary and secondary cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Many patients struggle to obtain goal LDL-C levels, despite the availability of several lipid-lowering medications, because of limited efficaciousness and unfavorable side effects. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) targeting has drawn interest recently as a novel approach to further lower cardiovascular (CV) risk.

A Case of Cameron Lesions: An Overlooked Cause of Anemia in Patients With Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Hiatal Hernia.

Cameron lesions are rare causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). The lesions are linear erosions or ulcers that develop in the sac of a hiatal hernia, which often go unnoticed in the upper gastrointestinal system, and are a prevalent cause of anemia resulting from iron deficiency. Postponed treatment can result in severe consequences such as potentially fatal hemorrhaging.

Clinical outcomes of atezolizumab versus standard-of-care docetaxel with and without ramucirumab in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer who received prior immunotherapy.

Background: Atezolizumab is superior to docetaxel for patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who are pretreated with platinum-based chemotherapy based on the POPLAR and OAK trials. However, patients who received prior immunotherapy were excluded from these trials. The standard of care second-line therapy for these patients remains to be docetaxel with or without ramucirumab.

The effects of sex hormones on the size of intestinal lipoproteins.

Larger intestinal lipoproteins are more likely to be retained longer in the intestinal wall, allowing more time for their fat to be hydrolyzed and subsequently taken up by the abdominal viscera. Since men generally accumulate more abdominal visceral fat than women, we sought to determine if males produce larger intestinal lipoproteins compared to females. Using the conscious lymph fistula mouse model, we discovered that the male mice indeed produced larger intestinal lipoproteins than the female mice when they were intraduodenally infused with lipid emulsion.

Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy Following COVID-19 Vaccine Booster Dose: A Case Report.

Although the efficacy and safety of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine have been established, side effects and adverse events related to the COVID-19 vaccine are still coming out. COVID-19 vaccine also has the potential to cause acute and long-term cardiovascular effects, which include myocarditis, pericarditis, myopericarditis, myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, thrombotic thrombocytopenia, and pulmonary hemorrhage. Although uncommon, takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) has also been reported following COVID-19 vaccination.