Human-rat integrated microRNAs profiling identified a new neonatal cerebral hypoxic-ischemic pathway melatonin-sensitive.

Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) is a pathological condition affecting long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes. Hypothermia is the only therapeutic option, but does not always improve outcomes; hence, researchers continue to hunt for pharmaceutical compounds. Melatonin treatment has benefitted neonates with hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury.

Mental Health Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic Long-Term Exposure in Italian Dermatologists.

The present study aimed at assessing the consequences of prolonged exposure to COVID-19 distress on mental health in non-frontline health care workers. For this purpose, we have conducted a survey on 425 Italian dermatologists, in the period February-March 2021. The psychopathological symptoms, depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSD), as well as resilience, have been evaluated.

Treatment of facial actinic keratoses with a cream containing octatrienoic acid: a multicenter clinical experience.

Background: Actinic keratosis (AKs) are premalignant skin lesions characterized by high rate of transformation in squamous cell carcinoma if not treated. Preclinical published data on parrodiene-derivative 2,4,6-octatrienoic acid, encourages us to study and to evaluate the effect of a topical product containing it in patients affected by mild to moderate actinic keratosis.

Methods: Seventy subjects with at least 1-3 clinically diagnosed actinic keratosis lesions, non-hyperkeratotic, non-hypertrophic, localized on the face (I-II degree actinic keratosis) were enrolled in the study.

Topical corticosteroid phobia in parents of pediatric patients with atopic dermatitis: a multicentre survey.

Background: Families of children affected with atopic dermatitis (AD) often report fear and anxiety regarding treatment with topical corticosteroids (TCS), which may lead to reduced compliance. The objective of our study was to measure, through a standardized questionnaire, fear of TCS in families of pediatric patients with AD and to identify items associated with fear.

Methods: Families of pediatric patients with AD were enrolled in 9 Italian centers of pediatric dermatology.

Association of genetic variants in CDK6 and XRCC1 with the risk of dysplastic nevi in melanoma-prone families.

Dysplastic nevi (DN) is a strong risk factor for cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM), and it frequently occurs in melanoma-prone families. To identify genetic variants for DN, we genotyped 677 tagSNPs in 38 melanoma candidate genes that are involved in pigmentation, DNA repair, cell cycle control, and melanocyte proliferation pathways in a total of 504 individuals (310 with DN, 194 without DN) from 53 melanoma-prone families (23 CDKN2A mutation positive and 30 negative). Conditional logistic regression, conditioning on families, was used to estimate the association between DN and each single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) separately, adjusted for age, sex, CMM, and CDKN2A status.

Cutaneous cryptococcosis of the penis.

Disseminated cryptococcosis is a well-known opportunistic infection in AIDS patients. We report an unusual patient who demonstrated an isolated plaque of cryptococcosis on the penis. Resolution of this plaque was obtained after treatment with fluconazole, but subsequent cutaneous dissemination occurred that was responsive to amphotericin B.

Maculo-papular rash induced by lopinavir/ritonavir.

Two patients with HIV disease developed a pruritic, maculo-papular rash shortly after introducing an association of 2 protease inhibitors (PI) lopinavir/ritonavir (Kaletra). The dermatitis started respectively 7 and 10 days after taking Kaletra, improved on withdrawal, and relapsed following its reintroduction. Although itchy, the dermatitis was not life-threatening, and the patients were treated "through the rash" without suspending the drug.

Changing morbidity of cutaneous diseases in patients with HIV after the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy including a protease inhibitor.

Background: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is a combination of an HIV protease inhibitor (PI), one or two reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs) and/or non-nuclease reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs). This combination therapy is able to reduce peripheral HIV viral load, elevate CD4+ cell counts and improve the clinical outcome.

Aim: To evaluate the impact of HAART therapy, including one PI, on the prevalence of skin diseases in patients with HIV/AIDS.

Topical cidofovir for severe cutaneous human papillomavirus and molluscum contagiosum infections in patients with HIV/AIDS. A pilot study.

Background: Cidofovir is a nucleoside analogue of deoxycytidine with a strong activity against several DNA viruses, including herpes, pox and human papilloma virus (HPV).

Material And Methods: Fourteen acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients, 10 with extensive HPV lesions and four with molluscum contagiosum (MC) infections, unresponsive to conventional therapies, were treated with a cream containing cidofovir 1%. All the subjects had been on treatment with highly active antiretroviral therapy for almost 1 year before starting the cream.

Resolution of recalcitrant human papillomavirus gingival infection with topical cidofovir.

Cidofovir, a purine nucleotide analogue of cytosine, is a promising new drug that acts against a wide number of DNA viruses. In 1997, the Food and Drug Administration approved intravenous cidofovir for the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Recent studies have shown cidofovir (1% gel or cream) to be effective for the treatment of recalcitrant and unmanageable viral cutaneous lesions induced by herpes, pox, and papillomavirus families.

Cutaneous side effects induced by indinavir.

HIV-protease inhibitors demonstrated such high efficacy in short-term studies that they have been approved by the FDA, even though possible toxicity still needs further investigation. In the period between January 1997 and August 1998, 101 patients, staying at San Patrignano Medical Centre (Italy), received an HIV protease inhibitor (indinavir) plus two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI's) selected from the following: AZT, didanosine, zalcitabine, lamivudine or stavudine. Seventy-three patients were male, 28 female and their ages ranged from 25 to 60 years, with an average of 34.

Resolution of disseminated molluscum contagiosum with Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) in patients with AIDS.

Molluscum contagiosum (MC), a cutaneous infection caused by a DNA virus belonging to the poxvirus group, affects about 5-10% of patients with HIV disease, often showing extensive, severe lesions, unresponsive to therapy [1]. During the follow-up of three patients with AIDS for MC recalcitrant to therapy, we noted their cutaneous lesions cleared 5-6 months after they had begun Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART). This therapy includes an HIV protease inhibitor (indinavir) and two reverse transcriptase inhibitors [2, 3].