Holy Grail: the journey towards disease modification in asthma.

At present, there is no cure for asthma, and treatment typically involves therapies that prevent or reduce asthma symptoms, without modifying the underlying disease. A "disease-modifying" treatment can be classed as able to address the pathogenesis of a disease, preventing progression or leading to a long-term reduction in symptoms. Such therapies have been investigated and approved in other indications, rheumatoid arthritis and immunoglobulin E-mediated allergic disease.

Addressing the clinical unmet needs in primary Sjögren's Syndrome through the sharing, harmonization and federated analysis of 21 European cohorts.

For many decades, the clinical unmet needs of primary Sjögren's Syndrome (pSS) have been left unresolved due to the rareness of the disease and the complexity of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms, including the pSS-associated lymphomagenesis process. Here, we present the HarmonicSS cloud-computing exemplar which offers beyond the state-of-the-art data analytics services to address the pSS clinical unmet needs, including the development of lymphoma classification models and the identification of biomarkers for lymphomagenesis. The users of the platform have been able to successfully interlink, curate, and harmonize 21 regional, national, and international European cohorts of 7,551 pSS patients with respect to the ethical and legal issues for data sharing.

Non-conveyance of older adult patients and association with subsequent clinical and adverse events after initial assessment by ambulance clinicians: a cohort analysis.

Background: Older adults (age ≥ 65 years) represent a significant proportion of all patients who are not transported to hospital after assessment by ambulance clinicians (non-conveyed patients). This study aimed to fill the knowledge gap in the understanding of the prevalence of older adult non-conveyed patients and investigate their characteristics and risk factors for subsequent and adverse events with those of younger non-conveyed patients comparatively.

Methods: This population-based retrospective cohort study included all adult non-conveyed patients who availed the ambulance service of Region Stockholm, Sweden in 2015; they were age-stratified into two groups: 18-64 and ≥ 65 years.

Spirometric phenotypes from early childhood to young adulthood: a Chronic Airway Disease Early Stratification study.

Background: The prevalences of obstructive and restrictive spirometric phenotypes, and their relation to early-life risk factors from childhood to young adulthood remain poorly understood. The aim was to explore these phenotypes and associations with well-known respiratory risk factors across ages and populations in European cohorts.

Methods: We studied 49 334 participants from 14 population-based cohorts in different age groups (≤10, >10-15, >15-20, >20-25 years, and overall, 5-25 years).

Plasma proteins elevated in severe asthma despite oral steroid use and unrelated to Type-2 inflammation.

Rationale: Asthma phenotyping requires novel biomarker discovery.

Objectives: To identify plasma biomarkers associated with asthma phenotypes by application of a new proteomic panel to samples from two well-characterised cohorts of severe (SA) and mild-to-moderate (MMA) asthmatics, COPD subjects and healthy controls (HCs).

Methods: An antibody-based array targeting 177 proteins predominantly involved in pathways relevant to inflammation, lipid metabolism, signal transduction and extracellular matrix was applied to plasma from 525 asthmatics and HCs in the U-BIOPRED cohort, and 142 subjects with asthma and COPD from the validation cohort BIOAIR.

Expert meeting report: towards a joint European roadmap to address the unmet needs and priorities of paediatric asthma patients on biologic therapy.

https://bit.ly/3CeLBHB.

Uncontrolled asthma from childhood to young adulthood associates with airflow obstruction.

Introduction: Lung function development from childhood to young adulthood is important for lung health later in life. We investigated the association between asthma control and lung function from 8 to 24 years of age.

Methods: A total of 668 participants from the population-based BAMSE cohort study, with persistent or incidental asthma and between 8 and 24 years of age, were included.

Adjuvant use of melatonin for pain management in dysmenorrhea - a randomized double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial.

Purpose: Dysmenorrhea is a common, recurring, painful condition with a global prevalence of 71%. The treatment regime for dysmenorrhea includes hormonal therapies and NSAID, both of which are associated with side effects. A dose of 10 mg melatonin daily has previously been shown to reduce the level of pelvic pain in women with endometriosis.

ERS statement: a core outcome set for clinical trials evaluating the management of COPD exacerbations.

Clinical trials evaluating the management of acute exacerbations of COPD assess heterogeneous outcomes, often omitting those that are clinically relevant or more important to patients. We have developed a core outcome set, a consensus-based minimum set of important outcomes that we recommend are evaluated in all future clinical trials on exacerbations management, to improve their quality and comparability. COPD exacerbations outcomes were identified through methodological systematic reviews and qualitative interviews with 86 patients from 11 countries globally.

Development of lung diffusion to adulthood following extremely preterm birth.

Background: Gas exchange in extremely preterm (EP) infants must take place in fetal lungs. Childhood lung diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide ( ) is reduced; however, longitudinal development has not been investigated. We describe the growth of and its subcomponents to adulthood in EP compared with term-born subjects.

Biologicals in childhood severe asthma: the European PERMEABLE survey on the .

Introduction: Severe asthma is a rare disease in children, for which three biologicals, anti-immunoglobulin E, anti-interleukin-5 and anti-IL4RA antibodies, are available in European countries. While global guidelines exist on who should receive biologicals, knowledge is lacking on how those guidelines are implemented in real life and which unmet needs exist in the field. In this survey, we aimed to investigate the and identify open questions in biological therapy of childhood asthma across Europe.

The effect of glucose control in liver surgery on glucose kinetics and insulin resistance.

Background & Aims: Clinical outcome is negatively correlated to postoperative insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. The magnitude of insulin resistance can be modulated by glucose control, preoperative nutrition, adequate pain management and minimal invasive surgery. Effects of glucose control on perioperative glucose kinetics in liver surgery is less studied.

Nursing students' expectations of the process of writing a bachelor's thesis in Sweden: A qualitative study.

Unlabelled: While performing various academic work, such as writing a bachelor's thesis, are known to be challenging for university students, less is known about students' expectations in this regard.

Aim: The aim was to describe students' expectations of the upcoming process of writing a bachelor's thesis.

Design: The study employed an explorative, qualitative approach with a single, written open-ended question design.

Maternal obesity and stillbirth at term; placental pathology-A case control study.

Objective: The aim was to explore the potential role of the placenta for the risk of stillbirth at term in pregnancies of obese women.

Methods: This was a case-control study comparing placental findings from term stillbirths with placental findings from live born infants. Cases were singleton term stillbirths to normal weight or obese women, identified in the Stockholm stillbirth database, n = 264 and n = 87, respectively.

Nasal upregulation of in dog-sensitised children with severe allergic airway disease.

Background: The clinical presentation of children sensitised to dog dander varies from asymptomatic to severe allergic airway disease, but the genetic mechanisms underlying these differences are not clear. The objective of the present study was to investigate nasal transcriptomic profiles associated with dog dander sensitisation in school children and to reveal clinical symptoms related with these profiles.

Methods: RNA was extracted from nasal epithelial cell brushings of children sensitised to dog dander and healthy controls.

Prenatal and prepubertal exposures to tobacco smoke in men may cause lower lung function in future offspring: a three-generation study using a causal modelling approach.

Mechanistic research suggests that lifestyle and environmental factors impact respiratory health across generations by epigenetic changes transmitted through male germ cells. Evidence from studies on humans is very limited.We investigated multigeneration causal associations to estimate the causal effects of tobacco smoking on lung function within the paternal line.

Histomorphometric Effects of 2% Risedronate Gel on Calvarial Bone Defects in Rabbits.

Statement Of The Problem: Alveolar bone resorption associated with periodontal disease is a common finding and generally irreversible. It impairs mastication and causes esthetic problems for patients. Bisphosphonates are the most commonly used antiresorptive agents for bone diseases.

Reliability of maximum oxygen uptake in cardiopulmonary exercise testing with continuous laryngoscopy.

Aims: A cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) is the gold standard to evaluate symptom-limiting exercise intolerance, while continuous laryngoscopy performed during exercise (CLE) is required to diagnose exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction. Combining CPET with CLE would save time and resources; however, the CPET data may be distorted by the extra equipment. We therefore aimed to study whether CPET with CLE influences peak oxygen uptake (' peak) and other gas exchange parameters when compared to a regular CPET.

Minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production in chronic heart failure.

In chronic heart failure, minute ventilation (') for a given carbon dioxide production (' ) might be abnormally high during exercise due to increased dead space ventilation, lung stiffness, chemo- and metaboreflex sensitivity, early metabolic acidosis and abnormal pulmonary haemodynamics. The ' ' relationship, analysed either as ratio or as slope, enables us to evaluate the causes and entity of the '/perfusion mismatch. Moreover, the ' axis intercept, when ' is extrapolated to 0, embeds information on exercise-induced dead space changes, while the analysis of end-tidal and arterial CO pressures provides knowledge about reflex activities.

Response to exercise in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension treated with combination therapy.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)-specific combination therapy improves pulmonary haemodynamics at rest in patients with PAH; nevertheless, exertional dyspnoea remains. We investigated pulmonary haemodynamic response to exercise, and the relationship to ventilatory efficiency and hypoxaemia in patients with PAH treated with combination therapy. 32 clinically stable patients with PAH undergoing combination therapy underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing with right heart catheterisation.

Intake of -3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in childhood, genotype and incident asthma.

Longitudinal evidence on the relation between dietary intake of -3 (ω-3) very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), in mid-childhood and asthma risk is scarce. We aimed to investigate whether a higher intake of EPA and DHA from fish in childhood is associated with a lower risk of incident asthma.In the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, dietary intakes of EPA and DHA from fish were estimated by food frequency questionnaire at 7 years of age.

Evidence based recommendations on mesotherapy: an update from the Italian society of Mesotherapy.

Introduction: Mesotherapy, also known as local intradermal therapy, widely used all over the world, is a technique used to inject substances into the surface layer of the skin. There are no international guidelines for the correct use of this technique and in many countries, it is still applied empirically without valid patient consent. The Italian society of mesotherapy has planned a study to assess the rationale and clinical applications based on current evidence.

Common aspects between glaucoma and brain neurodegeneration.

Neurodegeneration can be defined as progressive cell damage to nervous system cells, and more specifically to neurons, which involves morphologic alterations and progressive loss of function until cell death. Glaucoma exhibits many aspects of neurodegenerative disease. This review examines the pathogenesis of glaucoma, comparing it with that of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), highlighting their common features.

Dyspnoea, lung function and CT findings 3 months after hospital admission for COVID-19.

The long-term pulmonary outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are unknown. We aimed to describe self-reported dyspnoea, quality of life, pulmonary function and chest computed tomography (CT) findings 3 months following hospital admission for COVID-19. We hypothesised outcomes to be inferior for patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs), compared with non-ICU patients.