Complete ureteral stenosis after ureteroscopic lithotripsy successfully managed using a simultaneous retrograde and antegrade flexible ureteroscopic approach.

Both retrograde and antegrade approach contributed to the success of a delicate endoscopic procedure. Even when guidewire did not pass thorough to the stenosis lesion, lightning and contrast reagents contributed the way through to the stenosis lesion.

Use of metallic and polymeric ureteral stents in malignant ureteral obstruction.

Background: Malignant ureteral obstruction (MUO) is often caused by advanced intra-abdominal cancers. Effective management must be attempted, but the treatment policy is unclear. Metallic ureteral stents are one of the latest options in managing MUO.

Pediatric bilateral ureteral stone successfully removed using single-use flexible ureteroscopy with a holmium: YAG laser.

A 12-year-old boy received steroid for his minimal change nephrotic syndrome for 10 years, and bilateral renal and ureteral stones and hydronephrosis were observed. Single-use flexible ureteroscopy is usable for pediatric lithotripsy with Ho: YAG laser.

Functional paraganglioma of the bladder: Both radiographic-negative and laboratory-negative case.

Introduction: Paraganglioma has been determined to be an extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma. Paraganglioma of the bladder is a rare entity, accounting for 0.06% of all bladder tumors.

Successful treatment of ureteral stricture after total hysterectomy: An antegrade ureteroscopic approach facilitates the insertion of a guidewire for endoscopic dilation.

Introduction: Iatrogenic ureteral injury is sometimes seen in daily clinical practice, and gynecological surgery carries the highest risk of ureteral injury among iatrogenic surgical ureteral injury.

Case Presentation: A 61-year-old woman was referred to our department for right ureteral stricture and hydronephrosis after total hysterectomy. We initially attempted ureteral stenting, but hydronephrosis redeveloped 1 month after ureteral stent removal.

Spontaneous adrenal hemorrhage with dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate elevation in a patient with suspected adrenal cortical carcinoma.

Introduction: Spontaneous adrenal hemorrhage is a relatively rare disease that is sometimes difficult to differentiate from adrenal cortical carcinoma. We herein report a case of spontaneous adrenal hemorrhage with dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate elevation.

Case Presentation: The patient was a 78-year-old man with an adrenal tumor that had increased in size to 42 mm.

Successful treatment with sorafenib for sunitinib-refractory metastatic papillary renal cell carcinoma: Potential impact of Raf overexpression on predicting the efficacy of sorafenib.

Introduction: The prognosis of type 2 papillary renal cell carcinoma is often poor. We herein report a case of papillary renal cell carcinoma with liver metastasis that was successfully treated with sorafenib as a second-line therapy.

Case Presentation: An 82-year-old man who had undergone radical nephrectomy 5 years previously experienced biopsy-proven liver metastasis.

Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the prostatic urethra: A case report.

Introduction: Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the prostatic urethra in men is an extremely rare disease, with only eight case reports published.

Case Presentation: A 56-year-old man visited our hospital for gross hematuria. Urinary cytology detected class V, cystoscopy showed no abnormal findings, and contrast-enhanced computed tomography also showed no abnormal findings in his upper urinary tract except for a low-enhancement lesion on his left prostate lobe.

Lenalidomide decreased the PSA level for castration-resistant prostate cancer: a case report.

Lenalidomide has been developed as the derivative of thalidomide that has fewer side effects. We herein report a rare case of castration-resistant prostate cancer successfully maintained using lenalidomide for multiple myeloma.