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Purpose: To assess the usefulness of extracellular volume (ECV) fraction derived from equilibrium contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) for diagnosing anterior mediastinal tumors.

Method: This study included 161 histologically confirmed anterior mediastinal tumors (55 low-risk thymomas, 57 high-risk thymomas, 32 thymic carcinomas, and 17 malignant lymphomas) that were assessed by pretreatment CECT. ECV fraction was calculated using measurements obtained within the lesion and the aorta on unenhanced and equilibrium phase CECT.

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