The Novel Imipramine-Magnesium Complex Exerts Antidepressant-like Activity in Mice Subjected to the Forced Swim Test and the Tail Suspension Test.

The objective of this study was to assess the antidepressant efficacy of a novel imipramine-magnesium (IMI-Mg) complex in comparison to the administration of imipramine and magnesium individually. The study utilized adult male albino Swiss mice. Behavioral assessments were conducted using the forced swim test (FST) and the tail suspension test (TST).

A Cross-Sectional Survey on the Management of Medication Adherence Among Healthcare Professionals in Saudi Arabia.

Background/objectives: Medication adherence is essential for effective healthcare, significantly influencing treatment success and overall health outcomes. However, there is limited understanding of how healthcare professionals in Saudi Arabia manage and support medication adherence. This study aims to examine physicians' and pharmacists' approaches to managing medication adherence in Saudi Arabia by examining the methods used for adherence assessment, interventions to enhance adherence, and the challenges faced.

Deciphering the Role of Cancer Stem Cells: Drivers of Tumor Evolution, Therapeutic Resistance, and Precision Medicine Strategies.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a central role in tumor progression, recurrence, and resistance to conventional therapies, making them a critical focus in oncology research. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of CSC biology, emphasizing their self-renewal, differentiation, and dynamic interactions with the tumor microenvironment (TME). Key signaling pathways, including Wnt, Notch, and Hedgehog, are discussed in detail to highlight their potential as therapeutic targets.

Statin Use and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events Among Patients with Ischemic Heart Diseases: A Multi-Center Retrospective Study.

: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of adherence to the ACC/AHA 2018 dyslipidemia guidelines on patient management of lipid-lowering therapy in patients with ischemic heart diseases (IHD) and its correlation with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), including non-fatal MI, stroke, death, hospitalization for revascularization, and peripheral arterial disease. : A multi-center retrospective observational study was conducted in patients with IHD between January 2019 and December 2020, who were followed for two years. The primary objective was to assess statin utilization and adherence to the 2018 ACC/AHA guidelines and the associated influence on MACE outcomes.

Changes in Small Airway Physiology Measured by Impulse Oscillometry in Subjects with Allergic Asthma Following Methacholine and Inhaled Allergen Challenge.

: Small airway dysfunction (SAD) is associated with impaired asthma control, but small airway physiology is not routinely assessed in clinical practice. Previously, we demonstrated impulse oscillometry (IOS)-defined small airway dysfunction (SAD) in dual responders (DRs) upon bronchoprovocation with various allergens. : To compare lung physiology using spirometry and IOS following bronchoprovocation with methacholine (M) and inhaled house dust mite (HDM) extract in corticosteroid-naïve asthmatic subjects.

Clinical and Biochemical Factors Associated with Infliximab Pharmacokinetics in Paediatric Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Monitoring infliximab (IFX) concentrations is crucial for optimizing IFX therapy in children with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) who show low response rates due to inadequate drug exposure. Substantial variation occurs in IFX trough concentrations in paediatric patients. : This study aimed to investigate IFX pharmacokinetics (PK) in children with IBD during both the induction phase and maintenance phases and to identify covariates associated with IFX PK.

Additive Value of Pyridostigmine to Silodosin in the Management of Acute Urinary Retention Secondary to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

: In men with progressive benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), acute urine retention (AUR) stands out as one of the most severe outcomes associated with aging. AUR is characterized by a sudden, painful inability to urinate. This research investigates the potential benefits of adding pyridostigmine to silodosin in the management of acute urinary retention secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia.

FCRL1 and BAFF mRNA Expression as Novel Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Expression Signatures Predict R-CHOP Therapy Response and Survival.

This study investigated the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic significance of Fc receptor-like 1 () and B-cell activating factor () mRNA expression in Egyptian patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) undergoing the standard R-CHOP regimen (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) using quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). The results demonstrated that and mRNA expression were significantly elevated in DLBCL patients compared to healthy controls. A strong positive correlation existed between and expression levels.

Impact of education on antibiotic literacy and awareness among pharmacy students at a Japanese university: a questionnaire survey.

Background: Considering the global threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), Japan implemented a national action plan in 2016 that emphasized antibiotic education for healthcare professionals. However, pharmacy education in Japan lacks comprehensive antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) content, leading to insufficient antibiotic awareness and literacy among graduates. This study aimed to assess and improve antibiotic literacy and awareness among undergraduate pharmacy students at Showa University.

Clinical efficacy of direct anterior approach versus posterior lateral approach for total hip replacement in middle-aged and elderly patients of femoral neck fracture.

To compare the early to mid-term clinical efficacy of the direct anterior approach (DAA) versus the posterolateral approach (PLA) in total hip arthroplasty (THA) for middle-aged and elderly patients with femoral neck fractures. The patients in our hospital from January 2021 to January 2023 were retrospectively selected. Patients were divided into the DAA group (n = 64 cases) and PLA group (n = 69 cases) based on a non-randomized concurrent controlled trial method.

Thioredoxin related transmembrane protein 1acts as a prognostic indictor and promotes proliferation and TMZ resistance of lower-grade glioma.

Thioredoxin Related Transmembrane Protein 1 (TMX1) encodes a thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase and regulates cleavage, formation, or isomerization of disulfide bonds among cysteine residues in proteins. Using bioinformatic analysis, we firstly prove TMX1 is significantly upregulated in lower-grade gliomas (LGGs) and associated with poor prognosis of LGG patients. Besides, it's also highly expressed in higher WHO grade, 1p/19q non-co-deleted and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wildtype LGGs, thus we established a TMX1-based nomogram model, which exhibits a strong and stable predictive ability in the prognosis of LGG patients.

Younger children with nonmalignant disease have increased incidence of mixed myeloid chimerism after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation with busulfan-based conditioning.

Successful allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) for genetic nonmalignant diseases (NMD) is dependent upon elimination of host hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and replacement with donor HSCs in stable numbers sufficient to correct the underlying disease. Donor myeloid chimerism (DMC) in peripheral blood (PB) is a surrogate marker for bone marrow HSC engraftment due to the rapid turnover of PB myeloid cells. Busulfan is commonly used during conditioning for patients with NMD, though its optimal exposure to avoid inadequate DMC is not fully known.

Sensitive quantification of free lenvatinib using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry and the clinical significance of measuring free lenvatinib concentration.

Background And Aims: Lenvatinib, an oral molecular target drug used for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), has a high protein binding rate, resulting in high variability of free drug concentration in blood depending on patient conditions and drug interactions. In this study, an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) assay was established to measure free lenvatinib concentrations. The novel assay was used to measure free lenvatinib concentrations in plasma of HCC patients, and the effect of hepatic dysfunction on free lenvatinib concentrations was evaluated.

Urine Metabolites of Suspected Community-Acquired Pneumonia.

Background: Accurate diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) can be challenging. Clinical findings are non-specific, and interpretations of chest radiographs have poor inter-rater reliability. Pilot studies demonstrate the potential for metabolomics to identify metabolite concentrations that differentiate children with CAP from those without.

Altered cognitive function in obese patients: relationship to gut flora.

Obesity is a risk factor for non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes, which are leading causes of death and disability. Today, China has the largest number of overweight and obese people, imposing a heavy burden on China's healthcare system. Obesity adversely affects the central nervous system (CNS), especially cognitive functions such as executive power, working memory, learning, and so on.

Vitamin C Protects from Impairment of Memory Induced by E-Cigarette Aerosol Exposure.

Introduction: E-cigarettes (EC) have been shown to impair memory by disrupting the balance involving ROS and antioxidant enzymes, leading to oxidative stress. Vitamin C (VitC) is a strong antioxidant with cell protective efficacy and scavenges free radicals.

Method: The present study evaluated VitC for potential protective effects against EC-induced memory impairment in rat models.

Clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of Atezolizumab-induced encephalitis, aseptic meningitis or meningoencephalitis.

Objective: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment and expanded the range of tumor indications. However, as the usage of this medication has increased, related adverse events are increasingly being identified. Among these, Atezolizumab-induced encephalitis, aseptic meningitis, and meningoencephalitis remain poorly understood regarding clinical features.

Use of Alternative Calcium Gluconate in Sodium Chloride Co-Infused With Parenteral Nutrition for Neonates and Infants During National Shortage.

Objective: The coronavirus pandemic led to many supply chain shortages including parenteral nutrition (PN) components, and for our institution, a critical shortage of calcium gluconate vials. Our institution switched to an alternative product, calcium gluconate in sodium chloride (Ca-gluconate-in-NaCl), and owing to lack of specific gravity data, it could not be placed as an additive in our compounder. Instead, it had to be used as a continuous infusion, co-infused with PN.

Depression, anxiety, and stress among HIV-positive pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic: a hospital-based cross-sectional study in India.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an unparalleled increase in psychological distress among everyone and everywhere. Perinatal depression, anxiety, and stress (DAS) are more prominent among HIV-positive pregnant women and are associated with poor maternal and neonatal outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and explore the factors associated with DAS among HIV-positive pregnant women in India.

Feasibility and efficacy of therapeutic drug monitoring of abiraterone in metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer patients.

Background: Previous studies demonstrated better outcomes for mCRPC (metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer) patients with higher abiraterone exposure (minimal plasma concentration (C) > 8.4 ng/mL), but around 40% of patients experience exposure below this target. Pharmacokinetic (PK)-guided interventions following Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) could optimise exposure and outcomes.

Azithromycin as host-directed therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis - a randomized pilot trial.

Background: Adjunctive host-directed therapies are investigated that modulate host immune responses to reduce excessive inflammation and prevent tissue damage in tuberculosis (TB). Macrolides, including azithromycin, were shown to possess anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory effects in addition to their antibacterial effects. In the current trial, we investigated whether azithromycin enhances resolution of systemic and pulmonary inflammation and decreases extracellular matrix-related tissue turnover in TB patients.

Early Haploidentical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Provides Rapid Leukocyte and Immune Reconstitution in AK2 Patient Identified by TREC Newborn Screening.

Reticular dysgenesis (RD) is a rare inborn error of immune cell formation defined by severe combined immunodeficiency, agranulocytosis and sensorineural deafness. We report a case of successful haploidentical maternal hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in a boy with RD detected by TREC newborn screening. The patient was admitted to our hospital at 2 weeks of age and was kept in laminar-air flow / hepa-filtered isolation until HSCT was performed at 8 weeks of age with a busulfan, fludarabine conditioning regime.

Psychological burden, quality of life, problems, and parental concerns of single mothers with cancer: a cross-sectional comparison.

Purpose: Single motherhood is associated with increased psychosocial risks, affecting both mothers and their minor children. However, little is known about the specific psychosocial impact of maternal cancer in single mothers (SMs). This study compared psychological burden, quality of life, specific problems, and parental concerns between SMs and partnered mothers (PMs) affected by cancer and caring for minor children.

SMC Abca1 and Abcg1 Deficiency Enhances Urinary Bladder Distension but Not Atherosclerosis.

Background: Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) regulate blood flow distribution via vasoconstriction mediated by α-ARs (α-adrenergic receptors). Plasma membrane cholesterol accumulation affects α-AR signaling and promotes loss of SMC contractile markers in vitro. ABCA1 and ABCG1 (ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 and G1) mediate cholesterol efflux to HDL (high-density lipoprotein).

Case report: Dysphonia associated with high-dose cytarabine therapy.

Cytarabine is widely used in the treatment of hematological malignancies. Its common toxicities include myelosuppression and gastrointestinal disturbances. Additionally, it can cause central nervous system (CNS) symptoms, which include hoarseness, ataxic tremor, ataxic gait, nystagmus, dysmetria, and dysdiadochokinesia.