Antimicrobial activity of Lactobacillus casei on Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is increasing each year. For example, in 2019 it was directly responsible for an estimated >1 million deaths. Additionally, the development of new drugs is much slower, generating enormous concerns about responses to infection in the future health scenario.

Leishmania sp. can affect the cardiovascular system of dogs - A systematic review of over 80 years.

Cardiovascular involvement in Leishmania sp. infections still requires further elucidation, with cutaneous and organic changes being more frequently observed. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of cardiovascular involvement in dogs with canine visceral leishmaniasis, considering a publication span of over 80 years.

Modified temporary colostomy in a dog for treatment of rectal infection after complication of perineal herniorrhaphy.

Background: Surgeries performed on the gastrointestinal system represent a significant caseload among small animal surgeries. Colostomy aims to temporarily or permanently divert the gastrointestinal tract but it is not commonly performed in veterinary medicine. Information regarding such procedures is scarce and the surgical technique is poorly described.

Canine Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Reduce Cell Viability and Migration of Metastatic Canine Oral Melanoma Cell Lines In Vitro.

Canine oral melanoma (COM) is a promising target for immunomodulatory therapies aimed at enhancing the immune system's antitumor response. Given that adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (Ad-MSCs) possess immunomodulatory properties through cytokine release, we hypothesized that co-culturing Ad-MSCs and canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) could stimulate interleukin (IL) production against melanoma cell lines (MCCLs) and help identify therapeutic targets. This study evaluated IL-2, IL-8, and IL-12 expressions in co-culture with MCCL, Ad-MSCs, and PBMCs and assessed the relationship between gene expression, cell viability, and migration.

Effects of Hydrolysed Poultry Byproduct Meal on Metabolic, Inflammatory and Oxidative Parameters in Cats.

Hydrolysed proteins are of interest owing to their potential effects on metabolic and physiological responses, low allergenicity and high digestibility. This study aimed to evaluate the use of hydrolysed poultry byproduct meal (HPM) as a replacement for conventional poultry byproduct meal (PBM) as a protein source and to study its effects on serum cytokines, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity, serum antioxidant parameters, blood pressure, and urinary parameters in cats. The replacement of PBM with HPM was evaluated using five formulations with similar chemical compositions: control (PBM as the sole protein source) and the inclusion of 5%, 10%, 20%, and 30% HPM (on an as-fed basis).

Immunization and challenge trials in a murine model using different inactivated recombinant vaccines against H1N1 swine influenza virus circulating in Brazil.

In Brazil, at least four lineages of influenza A virus circulate pig population: 2009 H1N1 flu pandemic (pH1N1), human-seasonal origin H3N2, H1N1 and H1N2 (huH1 lineages) viruses. Studies related to the occurrence of swine influenza A virus (SIAV) in Brazilian herds have been detecting an increase of occurrence of huH1 lineages. This study aimed to construct recombinant vaccines against the huH1N1 virus and test the immunogens in a murine model.

Neonatal Clinical Assessment of the Puppy and Kitten: How to Identify Newborns at Risk?

Neonatal puppies and kittens have physiological and anatomical characteristics that differ from those of adult animals, which impacts the interpretation of physical examination and complementary tests. The veterinarian must be familiar with the clinical, laboratory, and imaging aspects observed in neonates. It is necessary to thoroughly evaluate the litter and the mother to notice the most subtle signs of illness and advise the owner to constantly monitor the newborns, quickly sending them to specialized care.

Bilateral coxofemoral dysplasia in a Mangalarga Marchador foal.

Coxofemoral dysplasia is a condition characterized by the abnormal development and flattening of the femoral head and deformities in the acetabulum, leading to joint instability. Although described in various animal species, it is uncommon and rarely reported in horses. This article presents a case of incapacitating coxofemoral dysplasia diagnosed in a four-month-old foal Mangalarga Marchador, which exhibited lameness in the hind limbs, thoracolumbar kyphosis, gluteal muscle atrophy, and pronounced sensitivity during pelvic limb flexion.

Enhancing Ex Vivo Limbal Epithelial Cell Expansion on Amniotic Membrane: A Comparative Study of Monolayer (2D) Versus Sandwich (3D) Culture Configurations.

Purpose: This study compared two-dimensional (monolayer) and three-dimensional (sandwich) systems for expanding ex vivo limbal epithelial cells on amniotic membrane and evaluated the outcomes after transplantation into rabbits with experimentally induced limbal stem cell deficiency.

Methods: Evaluations included markers for progenitor cells, proliferation, apoptosis, and clinical monitoring for up to 63 days. In the monolayer culture, epithelial cells derived from limbal explants were expanded on amniotic membrane as the substrate.

PLLA/GO Scaffolds Filled with Canine Placenta Hydrogel and Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Bone Repair in Goat Mandibles.

Bone defects in animals can arise from various causes, including diseases, neoplasms, and most commonly, trauma. Comminuted fractures that exceed the critical size may heal poorly due to deficient or interrupted vascularization, resulting in an insufficient number of progenitor cells necessary for bone regeneration. In this context, 3D printing techniques using poly-L-lactic acid/graphene oxide (PLLA/GO) aim to address this issue by creating customized scaffolds combined with canine placenta hydrogel and mesenchymal stem cells for use in goat mandibles, compared to a control group using titanium plate fixation.

Effect of β-caryophyllene on Sperm Cryopreservation.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the impact of β-caryophyllene (BC) supplementation in the extender on the post-cryopreservation quality of semen from Dorper rams.

Methods: Six Dorper rams were utilized for semen collection over 16 weeks, with BC concentrations determined via the MTT test. Animals were divided into a control group and three treatment groups receiving BC at concentrations of 1.

Seroprevalence of swine hepatitis E virus and the farmers' potential risk of infection in the Province of Bali, Indonesia.

Background And Aims: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection formerly and predominantly occurred in rural areas. However, it has recently been spread to urban and peri-urban areas. This study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of HEV in pigs collected from urban and rural areas in Bali.

Treatment of metastatic apocrine sweat gland adenocarcinoma in a cat with association of surgical resection and angular oris reconstruction, extensive lymphadenectomy, electrochemotherapy and systemic chemotherapy.

Apocrine sweat gland adenocarcinoma (ASGAC) is a rare skin carcinoma in cats. In some cases, this tumor occurs in anatomical sites of challenging wide surgical resection, which increases the need for adjuvant therapies for residual disease. These include radiotherapy or electrochemotherapy (ECT), local treatments for invasive tumors in companion animals often associated with surgery.

Double-Cut Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy for the Management of Cranial Cruciate Ligament Insufficiency in Dogs with an Excessive Plateau Angle: Early Clinical Results in 16 Dogs.

Objective:  To describe a modification of the tibial plateau leveling osteotomy technique wherein a double cut is made in the same plane to level the tibial plateau (double-cut tibial plateau leveling osteotomy [DCTPLO]) for treating dogs with cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) and excessive tibial plateau angle (eTPA) diseases.

Study Design:  The DCTPLO technique was performed on 18 stifles in dogs with CrCL and an eTPA (>34°). This study evaluated the accuracy of preoperative planning, feasibility of the technique, postoperative clinical outcomes, radiographic examinations at the postoperative follow-up for the first 120 days, evolution of the tibial plateau angle (TPA), time of union of the osteotomy, apposition of the implants, and possible complications.

Pilot study: Understanding canine transmissible venereal tumor through its transcriptional profile.

Canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT) is transmitted through the implantation of tumor cells. CTVT was the first tumor described with contagious characteristics and remains one of the few tumors with this capability. This study aimed to map the transcriptomic profile of CTVT to elucidate the potential mechanisms through which this tumor implants and evades host immune surveillance.

Rationalizing the use of common parameters and technological tools to follow up Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infections in pigs.

Background: Mycoplasma (M.) hyopneumoniae is associated with respiratory disease in pigs and is the primary agent of enzootic pneumonia. Quantification of M.

Realities, perceptions, and strategies for implementation of an ethical population management program for dogs and cats on university campuses.

Stray dogs and cats pose significant challenges for public health and animal welfare due to their potential involvement in zoonotic disease transmission, accidents, and aggressions. Large urban centers exacerbated challenges due to the presence of these animals in public areas with high human density. Ethical Population Management Programs (EPMP), rooted in the One Health approach, are crucial for addressing this issue comprehensively.

Surgical treatment and outcome of primary rib tumours in cats: eight cases (2016-2023).

Objectives: To describe the clinical features and oncologic outcome for cats with primary rib tumours.

Materials And Methods: Medical records for cats with surgically treated primary rib tumours from six veterinary referral centres were reviewed. Signalment, preoperative clinical signs, reconstruction technique, and surgical and oncologic outcome were retrieved from medical records or by telephone interview with owners and/or referring veterinarians.

Outcomes of surgically treated sialoceles in 21 cats: A multi-institutional retrospective study (2010-2021).

Objective: To report the outcomes of cats that underwent surgical correction for sialoceles.

Study Design: Multi-institutional retrospective cohort study.

Animals: Twenty-one client-owned cats.

Protective effects of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived secretome on dermonecrosis induced in rabbits by spider venom.

Background: Loxoscelism refers to a set of clinical manifestations caused by the bite of spiders from the genus. The classic clinical symptoms are characterized by an intense inflammatory reaction at the bite site followed by local necrosis and can be classified as cutaneous loxoscelism. This cutaneous form presents difficult healing, and the proposed treatments are not specific or effective.

Brain Abscesses in Domestic Ruminants: Clinicopathological and Bacteriological Approaches.

Brain abscesses in ruminants often arise from primary infection foci, leading to an unfavorable prognosis for affected animals. This highlights the need for comprehensive studies on brain abscesses across different ruminant species. We retrospectively investigated medical records of epidemiological, clinical, neuroimaging, anatomopathological, and bacteriological findings in six ruminants (three goats, two cows, and one sheep) diagnosed with brain abscesses.

Lentils pasta by-product in a complete extruded diet for dogs and its effect on extrusion, digestibility, and carbohydrate metabolism.

Introduction: Recently, increasing effort has been directed toward environmental sustainability in pet food. The aim of this study was to evaluate the extrusion parameters, nutrient digestibility, fecal characteristics, palatability and insulinemic and glycaemic curves of a complete diet for dogs in which the main carbohydrate source was a red lentil pasta by-product (LP).

Methods: Five experimental diets were formulated: a basal diet (CO) based on rice and a poultry by-product meal; three experimental diets where LP substituted rice at 33, 66, or 100% (LP33, LP66, and LP100, respectively); and a diet formulated on 70% of the basal diet (CO) plus 30% LP (LPS) to evaluate the digestibility of LP ingredient.