Acceptability and performance of dual HIV/syphilis testing in male circumcision clients, 2021.

Background: Dual HIV/syphilis testing may be an acceptable intervention to identify men with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and at risk of HIV acquisition.

Objectives: We sought to determine the acceptability, and performance of dual HIV/syphilis testing among men attending voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) services at six public sector facilities in Gauteng.

Method: This was a cross-sectional study at VMMC facilities.

Influence of shift work on sleep quality and circadian patterns of heart rate variability among nurses.

Background: Shift work implementation is essential for providing continuous patient care in hospitals. However, working in shifts on a routine basis may disrupt the circadian pattern and alter the sleep-wakefulness cycle in nurses. Stress due to shift work can influence the adaptability of the cardiovascular system, produce psychophysiological strain and deteriorate work performance in female nurses.

Failure rate of isolated medial meniscus repair in the stable knee: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: The present meta-analysis aims to determine the outcomes and failure rates for medial meniscus repairs in patients with stable knees.

Methods: A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Scopus with the terms '(medial meniscus OR medial meniscal) AND (repair)'. The search strategy was based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Meta-Analyses) protocol and included 93 articles assessed for eligibility.

Investigating the FLiRT variants of COVID-19: Is it an emerging concern?

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to multiple waves of infections globally. As the virus continues to evolve, new variants have emerged, some with concerning changes in transmissibility and virulence. Among these variants, the "FLiRT Variants" have recently gained attention due to their potential to alter the dynamics of transmission and disease severity.

Cardiovascular Autonomic Modulation in Chronic Coronary Syndrome Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

Introduction The risk of sudden death in patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) is increased by unbalanced cardiovascular autonomic function. Since myocardial ischemia appears to be the cause of this condition of autonomic dysregulation, treating this condition should improve and correct the autonomic functions. Improving myocardial perfusion by PCI might have beneficial effects on the recovery of autonomic balance in ischemia-triggered autonomic dysregulation.

Effect of Timing of Surgery on the Outcomes and Complications in Multi-ligament Knee Injuries: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and A Meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Multi-ligament knee injuries (MLKI) are serious and challenging to manage. This study aimed to elucidate the impact of surgical timing on both early and long-term outcomes following an MLKI.

Methods: A comprehensive search strategy was employed across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library.

Deficits and opportunities, pivots and shifts for scaling-up voluntary medical male circumcision in Uganda: a qualitative reflexive thematic analysis study.

Despite voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) being a cost-effective intervention for preventing HIV transmission, its scale-up has faced challenges. Several interventions to address these challenges in priority countries, including Uganda, have not yielded the desired results. This cross-sectional qualitative study aimed to explore the factors that affect the demand for VMMC and identify possible solutions.

A Novel Minimally Invasive and Cost-Effective Internal Fixation of the Le Fort I Fracture by Using Intermaxillary Fixation Screw and Wire: A Technical Note.

Introduction: Le Fort I fractures represent a significant proportion of craniofacial trauma, often occurring alongside other injuries to the craniomaxillofacial region. Management options include open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) or skeletal suspension, each with its limitations and considerations.

Material and Methods: This technical note presents a novel technique for managing isolated Le Fort I fractures using intermaxillary fixation (IMF) screws, offering a minimally invasive alternative to ORIF.

Role of Photodynamic Therapy in Osteonecrosis and Osteoradionecrosis of the Jaws: A Systematic Review.

Aim: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive treatment modality that has been used clinically for early stage and inoperable cancers. Successful use of this atraumatic therapy in osteoradionecrosis (ORN) and osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ) has been documented in the literature. The aim of this review was to systematically evaluate the role of photodynamic therapy in ORN and ONJ.

Evaluation of Four Interventions Using Behavioral Economics Insights to Increase Demand for Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision in South Africa Through the MoyaApp: A Quasi-Experimental Study.

Background: While voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) reduces the risk of HIV transmission by 60%, circumcision coverage falls short of the UNAIDS 90% VMMC target. We investigated whether behaviorally informed message framing increased demand for VMMC.

Setting: Adult users of the MoyaApp, a data-free application in South Africa, who viewed a form designed to generate interest in VMMC from August 2022 to November 2022.

Post-traumatic stress disorder in maxillofacial trauma victims- A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Maxillofacial trauma often results in visible facial disfigurements and can lead to psychological complications such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, PTSD often remains unrecognized and un/undertreated. The goal of the current systematic review was to determine the incidence of PTSD after maxillofacial trauma, associated risk factors, assessment tools employed, and management.

A prospective study on risk assessment and prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in general surgery patients.

Aims And Objective: To evaluate the patients at risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) based on Caprini VTE risk assessment scale and the effect of implementation of this scale on the use of thromboprophylaxis.

Materials And Methods: A prospective study was conducted, including patients who underwent major elective surgical procedures. Demographic details were noted, and VTE prophylaxis offered if needed.

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Phase III Study in India for Comparing Efficacy, Safety, and PK of ZRC-3277 (Pertuzumab Biosimilar) With Perjeta® in Patients With HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer.

Introduction: To evaluate the efficacy, safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), and immunogenicity of ZRC-3277 (pertuzumab biosimilar) with Perjeta® (pertuzumab) in previously untreated patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC).

Patients And Methods: This phase III, multicenter, double-blind study across 38 sites in India randomized (1:1) patients with HER2-positive MBC in either the ZRC-3277 or Perjeta® group. Both groups also received trastuzumab and docetaxel.

An unusual presentation of craniopharyngioma in an adult with nasal bloackade.

Early biopsy and multidisciplinary collaboration with imaging and physical examination are crucial for the diagnosis of such rare tumor presenations. Highlighting the importance of maintaining a broad differential for intra-nasal lesions given the rare presentation of craniopharyngioma as nasal mass.

Acceptability of Medical Male Circumcision as an HIV Prevention Intervention among Male Learners in a South African High School.

Circumcision is a long-standing and frequently performed surgical procedure which holds significant cultural significance among AmaXhosa people in South Africa. Due to cultural reasons in some parts of Africa, the integration of medical male circumcision with traditional manhood initiation rituals still lacks acceptance. This study examined the level of knowledge and acceptance of voluntary male medical circumcision (VMMC) among young males in a selected high school in the Nyandeni District of the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.

Utility and safety of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial mediastinal cryobiopsy (EBUS-TMC): A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Modalities to improve tissue acquisition during endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) have been investigated. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial mediastinal cryobiopsy (EBUS-TMC) is a modality to obtain larger histological samples by inserting a cryoprobe into the mediastinal lesion. We aimed to study the diagnostic yield and safety of EBUS-TMC.

A prospective study of endometrial histopathology in post-menopausal women in Jharkhand.

Introduction: Postmenopausal bleeding (PMB) refers to any uterine bleeding in a menopausal women. In the early menopausal years, endometrial hyperplasia, polyps and submucosal fibroids are common etiologies of post menopausal bleeding. The most common cause of postmenopausal bleeding is endometrial atrophy, comprises of 60-80%, while endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer contribute to only 11% of Post menopausal bleeding.

Evidence-based management of isolated dentoalveolar fractures: a systematic review.

Dentoalveolar (DA) trauma, which can involve tooth, alveolar bone, and surrounding soft tissues, is a significant dentofacial emergency. In emergency settings, physicians might lack comprehensive knowledge of timely procedures, causing delays for specialist referral. This systematic review assesses the literature on isolated DA fractures, emphasizing intervention timing and splinting techniques and duration in both children and adults.