Photodynamic Therapeutic Effect during 5-Aminolevulinic Acid-Mediated Photodynamic Diagnosis-Assisted Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumors.

Background: Photodynamic diagnosis-assisted transurethral resection of bladder tumors (PDD-TURBT) enhances detection of elusive lesions compared to standard white light-transurethral resection of bladder tumors (WL-TURBT). If minimal light exposure during PDD-TURBT induces the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), potentially resulting in phototoxicity in small lesions, apoptosis may be triggered in residual small tumors, allowing them to escape resection. We investigated the hypothesis of a potential photodynamic therapeutic effect during PDD-TURBT.

Trisomy 13 with retroiliac ureter diagnosed by assessment for recurrent febrile urinary tract infections.

Introduction: Patients with trisomy 13 have multiple malformations, including urological anomalies, and severe cognitive and psychomotor disabilities. We conducted a ureteroureterostomy for a mid-ureteral stricture due to a retroiliac ureter in a patient with trisomy 13.

Case Presentation: A 6-month-old girl with trisomy 13 developed a urinary tract infection.

Pseudoaneurysm after arterial reconstruction in kidney transplant nephrectomy: A case report and literature review.

Background: Pseudoaneurysm formation sometimes complicates transplant nephrectomy. We report a case of bleeding from a pseudoaneurysm after transplantation nephrectomy that resulted in shock and emergency endovascular treatment.

Case Presentation: A 56-year-old man underwent transplant nephrectomy 3 years and 9 months following transplantation for pyelonephritis-related infection control.

Validation of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer risk stratification updated in the 2021 European Association of Urology guidelines.

Objective: The objective of this study is to validate the predictive ability of the 2021 European Association of Urology (EAU) risk model compared to that of existing risk models, including the 2019 EAU model and risk scoring tables of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer, Club Urologico Espanol de Tratamiento Oncologico, and Japanese Nishinihon Uro-oncology Extensive Collaboration Group.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective multi-institutional database study included two cohorts-3024 patients receiving intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) treatment (BCG cohort) and 789 patients not receiving BCG treatment (non-BCG cohort). The Kaplan-Meier estimate and log-rank test were used to visualize and compare oncological survival outcomes after transurethral surgery among the risk groups.

Composite pheochromocytoma associated with neurofibromatosis type 1.

Introduction: Composite pheochromocytoma is a rare tumor, occurring in only 3% of pheochromocytomas. We report a case of composite pheochromocytoma with neurofibromatosis type 1.

Case Presentation: A 42-year-old man was referred to our department for further evaluation of an incidentally detected right adrenal tumor.

Additional oncological benefit of photodynamic diagnosis with blue light cystoscopy in transurethral resection for primary non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: A comparative study from experienced institutes.

Objectives: The objective of this work is to evaluate the additional oncological benefit of photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) using blue-light cystoscopy in transurethral resection (TURBT) for primary non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) based on the International Bladder Cancer Group (IBCG)-defined progression and the subsequent pathological pathways.

Patients And Methods: We reviewed 1578 consecutive primary NMIBC patients undergoing white-light TURBT (WL-TURBT) or PDD-TURBT during 2006-2020. One-to-one propensity score-matching was performed using multivariable logistic regression to obtain balanced groups.

Efficacy of pembrolizumab rechallenge for metastatic urothelial carcinoma.

Introduction: Before the approval of enfortumab vedotin, no standard treatment was available as the salvage treatment for patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma who had failed second-line or later pembrolizumab. Pembrolizumab rechallenge is one of the options for these patients, but there is limited evidence on the effectiveness of pembrolizumab rechallenge. We report three patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma treated with pembrolizumab rechallenge and discuss rechallenge of immune checkpoint inhibitors in other malignancies.

Two cases of pelvic lymphocele after prostatectomy and dissection of obturator lymph nodes successfully treated by interventional radiology.

Introduction: Postoperative refractory lymphocele is often difficult to treat. Recently, interventional radiology with -butyl-cyanoacrylate has been used by urologists and radiologists to treat lymphocele. This modality is an effective treatment with fewer complications.

Living-donor kidney transplantation for a patient with hypoparathyroidism, deafness, and renal dysplasia syndrome.

Introduction: Hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural deafness, and renal dysplasia syndrome is an autosomal dominant rare genetic disease. Some patients with hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural deafness, and renal dysplasia syndrome may present with renal calcification (nephrocalcinosis) and disorder. We report the first case of living-donor kidney transplantation for a patient with hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural deafness, and renal dysplasia syndrome.

A Japanese man with spina bifida who successfully fathered a child following fertility treatment.

Introduction: Spina bifida is a congenital anomaly caused by a neural tube closure defect that may result in sexual dysfunction. Sexual dysfunction and infertility are prevalent in spina bifida patients but have been scarcely reported.

Case Presentation: We report the case of a 36-year-old man with spina bifida and mild-moderate erectile dysfunction.

Amrubicin is effective against small cell carcinoma of the prostate as a second-line chemotherapeutic agent: A case report.

Introduction: Small cell carcinoma of the prostate has a poor prognosis. Furthermore, treatments for small cell carcinoma of the prostate have not been established. We report a case where amrubicin was effective for second-line chemotherapy.

Localized prostate cancer with pelvic arteriovenous malformation treated with low-dose-rate brachytherapy after transcatheter embolization: Two case reports.

Background: We describe two patients who underwent low-dose-rate prostate brachytherapy after embolization for pelvic arteriovenous malformation.

Case Presentation: Case 1: A 76-year-old man was referred for definitive treatment of intermediate-risk prostate cancer (prostate-specific antigen 8.667 ng/mL, cT2aN0M0, Gleason score 3 + 4 = 7).