Docetaxel-Loaded Electrospun Nanofibrous Mats for Local Chemotherapy Targeting Positive Surgical Margins in Prostate Cancer.

Positive surgical margins following radical prostatectomy significantly contribute to tumor recurrence. While systemic chemotherapy demonstrates limited efficacy in this context, local chemotherapy drug delivery systems based on nanomaterials offer promising strategies to address this issue by modifying drug release kinetics and distribution, thereby enhancing antitumor effects while minimizing the toxicities associated with systemic chemotherapy. In this study, we utilized electrospun nanofibrous mats loaded with docetaxel for sustained drug delivery.

Intermediate-Term Oncologic Outcomes of Partial Nephrectomy Versus Cryoablation in Renal Tumors >3 cm: A Propensity Score Matched Analysis.

Purpose: Cryoablation (CA) and partial nephrectomy (PN) are effective nephron-sparing treatments for small renal masses. While guidelines list thermal ablation as an option for tumors <3 cm, limited data compare PN and CA in larger tumors. We compared intermediate-term oncologic outcomes between PN and CA in renal masses >3 cm.

Phase 2, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study of Fiztasovimab (NPC-21) for Kidney Transplant Recipients at High Risk of Cytomegalovirus Infection (LionHeart21).

Background: Kidney transplantation (KT) has dramatically improved the quality of life of patients with end-stage kidney disease. However, the incidence of opportunistic infections has also increased because of immunosuppression. A common infection after KT is cytomegalovirus (CMV).

Cystopexy following anterior-approach robot-assisted radical prostatectomy enhances early continence recovery.

To evaluate the effect of cystopexy on continence recovery after anterior-approach transperitoneal robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RaRP). We retrospectively analyzed continence recovery of patients with prostate cancer receiving RaRP in a transperitoneal anterior-approach manner with or without cystopexy. Continence recovery is defined as complete intact continence without safety pad utility.

Nomogram predicts risk score and likehood of orchiectomy in patients with testicular torsion: a multicenter retrospective study.

Purpose: Testicular torsion is a prevalent scrotal emergency associated with a significant risk of testicular loss, and there is no reliable scoring system available to assess the likelihood of orchiectomy following testicular torsion.

Methods: Clinical characteristics and surgical data of patients with testicular torsion from January 2015 to May 2024 were gathered from National Center for Children's Health (NCCH) and the Children's Hospital of Capital Institute of Pediatrics (CIPCH). Independent risk variables for testicular resection were evaluated by logistic regression analyses, leading to the establishment of a nomogram.

Correction: Can we rely on magnetic resonance imaging for prostate cancer detection and surgical planning? Comprehensive analysis of a large cohort of patients undergoing transperineal mapped biopsies.

Purpose: To evaluate MRI and histological concordance in prostate cancer (PCa) identification via mapped transperineal biopsies.

Methodology: Retrospective per-lesion analysis of patients undergoing MRI and transperineal biopsy at the Valencian Institute of Oncology (2016-2024) using CAPROSIVO PCa data. Patients underwent MRI, with or without regions of interest (ROI), followed by transperineal biopsies (3-5 cores/ROI, 20-30 systematic).

Use of biochemical and imaging criteria for selecting patients for prostate biopsy in recurrence risk assessment post-HIFU therapy.

Purpose: Despite the growing adoption of HIFU treatment for localized prostate cancer (PC), standardized criteria for evaluating success and predicting recurrence remain undefined. Herein, we analyze the predictive value of noninvasive tools such as PSA dynamics and MRI to determine recurrence.

Methods: We identified from our HIFU therapy prospective registry patients who developed biopsy-proven recurrence, between 2016 and 2023.

Querying the capability of the post-HoLEP endoscopic aspect of the membranous urethral mucosa in predicting urinary incontinence: a prospective AI-based analysis.

Introduction: Transient stress urinary incontinence (SUI) after holmium laser enucleation of prostate (HoLEP) is commonly linked to intraoperative injury of the external urethral sphincter (EUS). We assessed the reliability of the post-HoLEP endoscopic appearance of the membranous urethra mucosa (MUM) in predicting post-HoLEP continence.

Methods: Forty HoLEPs were prospectively recorded by an artificial intelligence video platform capable of segmenting clips by surgical steps.

Comparing oncologic outcomes of partial and radical nephrectomy for T2 renal cell carcinoma: a propensity score matching cohort study and an external multicenter validation.

Purpose: There is very limited evidence on the optimal surgical treatment for patients with larger T2 renal tumors. This study aims to evaluate the oncologic outcomes of partial nephrectomy (PN) and radical nephrectomy (RN) in T2 renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Methods: A retrospective data analysis was conducted on T2 RCC patients who underwent PN or RN between 2004 and 2019 using the SEER database, and validated with data from multiple centers in China from 2014 to 2019.

A cost-effectiveness study of PSMA-PET/CT for the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer.

Background: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is currently under evaluation for detecting clinically significant prostate cancer. The PSMA-PET/CT may complement the current standard diagnostic pathway for prostate cancer, which includes prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI). This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness and quality of life impact of incorporating PSMA-PET/CT into this diagnostic algorithm.

Exercise and Psychosexual Education to Improve Sexual Function in Men With Prostate Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Sexual dysfunction is a common adverse effect of prostate cancer treatment, and current management strategies do not adequately address physical and psychological causes. Exercise is a potential therapy in the management of sexual dysfunction.

Objective: To investigate the effects of supervised, clinic-based, resistance and aerobic exercise with and without a brief psychosexual education and self-management intervention (PESM) on sexual function in men with prostate cancer compared with usual care.

Penile prosthesis for erectile dysfunction: recommendations from the 5th International Consultation on Sexual Medicine.

Introduction: Penile prosthesis (PP) is one of the main approved therapies for erectile dysfunction (ED). Greater than 50 years of clinical use has led to considerable innovation in PP surgery and patient care.

Objectives: To summarize the current literature and provide updated clinical evidence to inform healthcare providers on best practices with PP.

A comparative analysis of surgical trends in upper urinary tract stone management in Ontario, Canada, and Israel.

Objective: To compare trends and incidence of surgical intervention among adults with urolithiasis in Ontario, Canada, and Israel.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted using administrative databases from Clalit Health Service in Israel and IC/ES in Canada. The study included adults who underwent their initial surgical treatment for urolithiasis.

Does salvage endoscopically guided tract dilatation increase complications during sonography-guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy?

Background: In percutaneous nephrolithotomy, when tract dilatation fails due to short advancement, endoscopic tract dilatation can be used as a salvage technique for renal access. We aimed to report complications of this technique and compare it with uneventful dilatation cases.

Methods And Materials: The study enrolled patients who underwent sonography-guided PCNL for six consecutive months in 2023.

Framework guidelines for the process of caring for the health of adolescent transgender (T) and non-binary (NB) people experiencing gender dysphoria - the position statement of the expert panel.

This article presents framework guidelines for the care of adolescent transgender (T) and non-binary (NB) individuals experiencing gender dysphoria (GD) and/or gender incongruence (GI). Developed by a multidisciplinary expert panel, these guidelines aim to address the complex medical, psychological, and social needs of this diverse population. The document emphasises the importance of individualised, affirmative care that respects the autonomy, identity, and rights of adolescents.

Similar artefact susceptibility for water- and air-filled urodynamic systems: a non-inferiority randomised controlled trial.

Objectives: To determine whether air-filled systems (AFS) provide comparable urodynamic investigation (UDI) trace quality to water-filled systems (WFS), the recommended standard by the International Continence Society.

Patients And Methods: A total of 490 patients undergoing UDI from April 2021 to January 2022 were included in this non-inferiority randomised controlled trial. Eligible patients were female and male adults with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD).

The prognostic value of adipokine receptors leptinR and adiponectinR1 in obesity-inducible solid tumours.

Background: With the rising incidence of life expectancy, obesity, and tumours, understanding the incretory influence of adipose tissue in tumorigenesis becomes increasingly important. As the adipokines leptin and adiponectin are released by fat tissue, we aimed to analyse the expression of their respective receptors in tumours for which an association with obesity is epidemiologically hypothesised.

Methods: The expression of leptinR and adipoR1 were analysed in cohorts of renal cell cancer (n=391), cervical cancer (n=155), vulvar cancer (n=107), and endometrial cancer (n=90) by immunohistochemistry and correlated with clinicopathological parameters including survival times.

Metabolic landscape in bladder cancer.

Purpose Of Review: This review examines the existing literature on metabolic pathways associated with bladder cancer (BC) and investigates four domains: (1) diagnoses, (2) cancer classification (staging & grading), (3) tracking, and (4) treatment.

Recent Findings: A systematic search of relevant databases identified studies meeting predefined inclusion criteria. A diverse array of metabolic pathways was found to hold significant biological and clinical relevance to BC, with particular emphasis on amino acid (AA), lipid, nucleic acid (NA), and bioenergetic pathways.

Exploring the potential of Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy of urine for non-invasive monitoring of inflammation associated with a kidney transplant.

The global rise of end-stage renal disease is leading to an increase in kidney transplants. Graft survival is dependent on the occurrence of inflammation which can lead to cases of rejection. Traditional laboratory analyses often lack accuracy, and graft biopsies - the current gold standard - are considered invasive and risky.

A Randomized Controlled Trial of Percutaneous Tibial Nerve Stimulation in the Treatment of Female Sexual Dysfunction.

Background: Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) is a prevalent and multifaceted condition affecting women's sexual well-being. This randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy of percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) compared to a validated sham control in the treatment of FSD.

Methods: We conducted a single-center randomized controlled trial.

Nicotine replacement therapy as a smoking cessation tool for adolescents: an update.

Background: Adolescent smoking is a significant public health concern, as early nicotine addiction leads to more severe addiction and reduced cessation success during adulthood. While nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is an effective smoking cessation tool in adults, its efficacy in adolescents is less clear.

Objective: This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness and safety of NRT for smoking cessation in adolescents.

Reviewing the complexities of horseshoe kidney: insights into embryogenesis and surgical considerations.

Horseshoe kidney (HSK) is a common renal malformation with unique and complex characteristics. A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed and ScienceDirect databases. Several theories have been proposed regarding HSK formation, such as the close apposition of the kidneys during ascent through an arterial fork, lateral flexion of the trunk, and caudal embryonic rotation.