Comparisons of Post-Load Glucose at Different Time Points for Identifying High Risks of MASLD Progression.

: The 1-h post-load plasma glucose was proposed to replace the current OGTT criteria for diagnosing prediabetes/diabetes. However, it remains unclear whether it is superior in identifying progressive metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), and thus we aimed to clarify this issue. : Consecutive Asian participants (non-MASLD, = 1049; MASLD, = 1165) were retrospectively enrolled between June 2012 and June 2024.

Evaluating Neoadjuvant Immunochemotherapeutic Response for Bladder Carcinoma Using Amide Proton Transfer-Weighted MRI.

Rationale And Objectives: To investigate the feasibility of amide proton transfer-weighted (APTw) and diffusion-weighted MRI in evaluating the response of bladder cancer (BCa) to neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy.

Materials And Methods: From June 2021 to July 2023, participants with pathologically confirmed BCa were prospectively recruited to undergo MRI examinations, including APTw and diffusion-weighted MRI before and after neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy. Histogram analysis features (mean, median, and entropy) were extracted from pre- and post-treatment APTw and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps, respectively.

Three-Level Nanoparticle Rocket Strategy for Colorectal Cancer Therapeutics in Photothermal Therapy, Inflammation Modulation, and Cuproptosis Induction.

Disturbances in intracellular copper (Cu) homeostasis can trigger cuproptosis, a new form of cell death, which, when combined with photothermal therapy (PTT), offers a promising solution to the persistent challenges in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment. In this study, a "three-level nanoparticle rocket" strategy is developed by engineering CuO, a multifunctional Cu-based nanoenzyme that is photothermal and has electron transfer properties and antioxidant efficiency. CuO effectively remodels the inflammatory environment by scavenging reactive oxygen species, thereby overcoming the traditional limitations of PTT.

Individualized Spectral Features in First-episode and Drug-naïve Major Depressive Disorder: Insights from Periodic and Aperiodic EEG Analysis.

Background: The detection of abnormal brain activity plays an important role in the early diagnosis and treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). Recent studies have shown that the decomposition of the electroencephalography (EEG) spectrum into periodic and aperiodic components is useful for identifying the drivers of electrophysiologic abnormalities and avoiding individual differences.

Methods: This study aimed to elucidate the pathologic changes in individualized periodic and aperiodic activities and their relationships with the symptoms of MDD.

Erythrocyte Fatty Acid Patterns Are Associated with Skeletal Muscle Mass in Chinese Children.

Background: Nutritional factors are important for skeletal muscle mass and grip strength development in children.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between erythrocyte membrane fatty acid patterns (FAPs) and skeletal muscle mass and grip strength in children.

Methods: A total of 452 children aged 6-9 y were included in this study.

HAIC plus lenvatinib and tislelizumab for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with Vp4 portal vein invasion.

Background/objective: The treatment strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with Vp4 (main trunk) portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) remains controversial due to the dismal prognosis. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) plus lenvatinib and tislelizumab in these patients.

Methods: This multicenter retrospective study included treatment-naive HCC patients with Vp4 PVTT from 2017 to 2022.

Feasibility of occlusal plane in predicting the changes in anteroposterior mandibular position: a comprehensive analysis using deep learning-based three-dimensional models.

Background: A comprehensive analysis of the occlusal plane (OP) inclination in predicting anteroposterior mandibular position (APMP) changes is still lacking. This study aimed to analyse the relationships between inclinations of different OPs and APMP metrics and explore the feasibility of OP inclination in predicting changes in APMP.

Methods: Overall, 115 three-dimensional (3D) models were reconstructed using deep learning-based cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) segmentation, and their accuracy in supporting cusps was compared with that of intraoral scanning models.

The gut-brain axis underlying hepatic encephalopathy in liver cirrhosis.

Up to 50-70% of patients with liver cirrhosis develop hepatic encephalopathy (HE), which is closely related to gut microbiota dysbiosis, with an unclear mechanism. Here, by constructing gut-brain modules to assess bacterial neurotoxins from metagenomic datasets, we found that phenylalanine decarboxylase (PDC) genes, mainly from Ruminococcus gnavus, increased approximately tenfold in patients with cirrhosis and higher in patients with HE. Cirrhotic, not healthy, mice colonized with R.

Head pose-assisted localization of facial landmarks for enhanced fast registration in skull base surgery.

In skull base surgery, the method of using a probe to draw or 3D scanners to acquire intraoperative facial point clouds for spatial registration presents several issues. Manual manipulation results in inefficiency and poor consistency. Traditional registration algorithms based on point clouds are highly dependent on the initial pose.

Role of Radiomics-based Multiomics Panel in the Microenvironment and Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent form of liver tumor, characterized by restricted therapeutic options and typically low long-term survival rates. Recently, immunotherapy has revolutionized HCC treatment, making the tumor microenvironment (TME) a research focus. Radiomics is increasingly crucial in HCC clinical decisions, offering advanced tools for TME characterization and prognosis assessment.

dFCExpert: Learning Dynamic Functional Connectivity Patterns with Modularity and State Experts.

Characterizing brain dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) patterns from functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data is of paramount importance in neuroscience and medicine. Recently, many graph neural network (GNN) models, combined with transformers or recurrent neural networks (RNNs), have shown great potential for modeling the dFC patterns. However, these methods face challenges in effectively characterizing the modularity organization of brain networks and capturing varying dFC state patterns.

Accuracy of MRI R2* Mapping in Diagnosis of Liver Iron Concentration: A Meta-Analysis.

While current guidelines recommend R2* method as the first-line method for liver iron concentration (LIC) measurement, its diagnostic accuracy is debatable. A prior meta-analysis suggested limited accuracy of R2* method for identifying patients with iron overload. However, substantial advances in R2* method over the past decade may have improved its diagnostic performance.

Improving Diagnostic Accuracy in Acute Pulmonary Embolism: Insights from Spectral Dual-energy CT.

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy of spectral dual-energy detector computed tomography (SDCT) and its associated parameters in diagnosing acute pulmonary embolism (APE).

Methods: Retrospective analysis of imaging data from 86 APE-diagnosed patients using SDCT was conducted. Virtual monoenergetic images (VMIs) at 40, 70, and 100 KeV, Iodine concentration (IC) maps, Electron Cloud Density Map (ECDM), Effective atomic number (Z-eff) maps, and Hounsfield unit attenuation plots (VMI slope) were reconstructed from pulmonary artery phase CT images.

Comparative Analysis of Gelatin/Polylactic Acid and Commercial PLA Membranes for Guided Bone Regeneration: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

BACKGROUND This study included 32 patients with single missing teeth and alveolar bone defects and aimed to compare outcomes from guided bone regeneration with a gelatin/polylactic acid (GT/PLA) barrier membrane and a Guidor® bioresorbable matrix barrier dental membrane. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 32 participants were recruited in the clinical study, with single missing teeth and alveolar bone defects, requiring guided bone regeneration (32 missing teeth in total). They were randomly divided into the GT/PLA membrane group (experimental) and Guidor® membrane group (control) by the envelope method (n=16).

Predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for long-term adverse outcomes in cirrhosis patients post-transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt.

The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) may predict outcomes in end-stage liver disease, but its value after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is unclear. This study explored the link between NLR and long-term outcomes in decompensated cirrhosis patients post-TIPS. We retrospectively analyzed 184 patients treated between January 2016 and December 2021, noting demographic data, lab results, and follow-up outcomes, including liver transplantation or death.

Understanding structural-functional connectivity coupling in patients with major depressive disorder: A white matter perspective.

Purpose: To elucidate the structural-functional connectivity (SC-FC) coupling in white matter (WM) tracts in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).

Methods: A total of 178 individuals diagnosed with MDD and 173 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited for this study. The Euclidean distance was calculated to assess SC-FC coupling.

Clinical benefits of central pancreatectomy for a patient with pancreatic schwannoma and diabetes.

Schwannomas are tumors that originate from the glial cells of the nervous system and can occur on myelinated nerve fibers throughout the body, especially in the craniofacial region. However, pancreatic schwannomas are extremely rare. We report a case of a pancreatic schwannoma that was difficult to differentiate from other pancreatic tumors preoperatively.

Biparametric MRI-based radiomics for noninvastive discrimination of benign prostatic hyperplasia nodules (BPH) and prostate cancer nodules: a bio-centric retrospective cohort study.

To investigate the potential of an MRI-based radiomic model in distinguishing malignant prostate cancer (PCa) nodules from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)-, as well as determining the incremental value of radiomic features to clinical variables, such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level and Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) score. A restrospective analysis was performed on a total of 251 patients (training cohort, n = 119; internal validation cohort, n = 52; and external validation cohort, n = 80) with prostatic nodules who underwent biparametric MRI at two hospitals between January 2018 and December 2020. A total of 1130 radiomic features were extracted from each MRI sequence, including shape-based features, gray-level histogram-based features, texture features, and wavelet features.

An Automatic Deep-Radiomics Framework for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Stratification in Patients with Serum Prostate-Specific Antigen of 4.0-10.0 ng/mL: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Rationale And Objectives: To develop an automatic deep-radiomics framework that diagnoses and stratifies prostate cancer in patients with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels between 4 and 10 ng/mL.

Materials And Methods: A total of 1124 patients with histological results and PSA levels between 4 and 10 ng/mL were enrolled from one public dataset and two local institutions. An nnUNet was trained for prostate masks, and a feature extraction module identified suspicious lesion masks.

Stability of expansion effects following Miniscrew-assisted Rapid Palatal expansion: a prospective longitudinal cohort study.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the dental and skeletal stability one year after Miniscrew-Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion (MARPE) by using 3D image data.

Methods: Patients with transverse maxillary deficiency from the age of 16 onwards were enrolled consecutively in this prospective longitudinal cohort study. The MARPE appliance was digitally and individually designed and fabricated.

Reproducibility of liver iron concentration measured by R2* method based on 1.5-T MRI: a meta-analysis.

Objectives: To explore the reproducibility of the 1.5-T MR imaging (MRI)-based R2* method in measuring the liver iron concentration (LIC) across different MRI scanners, scan parameters, and postprocessing techniques.

Materials And Methods: We performed a systematic search of the PubMed, Embase, Medline, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases and identified studies that used the 1.

Efferocytosis: The Janus-Faced Gatekeeper of Aging and Tumor Fate.

From embryogenesis to aging, billions of cells perish daily in mammals. The multistep process by which phagocytes engulf these deceased cells without eliciting an inflammatory response is called efferocytosis. Despite significant insights into the fundamental mechanisms of efferocytosis, its implications in disorders such as aging and cancer remain elusive.

Fibrous dysplasia in the alveolar crest of edentulous site and the curettage for future implant placement: a case report.

Background: Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a self-limiting benign disease with slow progression in which the normal bone is replaced by dysplastic fibrous tissue. The craniofacial skeleton is one of the most commonly affected areas, and it can create unique challenges in dental implant therapy. This case aims to report an unusual presentation of FD localized in the alveolar crest bone of the edentulous site, causing special obstacles to implant placement, and provide a diagnostic and treatment process that may be referenced.