Comprehensive Spinal Tuberculosis Score: A Clinical Guide for the Management of Thoracolumbar Spinal Tuberculosis.

Study Design: A newly proposed scoring tool was designed to assist in the clinical management of adult thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis (TB).

Purpose: To formulate a comprehensive yet simple scoring tool to guide decision-making in the management of adult thoracolumbar spinal TB.

Overview Of Literature: Spine surgeons have differing consensus in defining the threshold grade for clinico-radiological parameters when deciding between operative or conservative treatment for adult thoracolumbar spinal TB.

Comparison of microparticle transport and deposition in nasal cavity of three different age groups.

The nasal cavity effectively captures the particles present in inhaled air, thereby preventing harmful and toxic pollutants from reaching the lungs. This filtering ability of the nasal cavity can be effectively utilized for targeted nasal drug delivery applications. This study aims to understand the particle deposition patterns in three age groups: neonate, infant, and adult.

Electroclinical Landscape of Infantile Epileptic Spasms Syndrome.

Objectives: To elucidate the electroclinical characteristics of infantile epileptic spasms syndrome (IESS) and to determine any potential association among these with underlying etiologies and response to therapy.

Methods: Sixty-eight, treatment-naive children with IESS underwent long-term video electroencephalogram (EEG) recording, which was used to characterize the semiology, ictal, and inter-ictal EEG patterns. Children were further followed up to assess electroclinical predictors of etiologies and short-term therapeutic response.

Clinical Utility of Stepwise Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Analysis in Diagnosing and Managing Lung Infiltrates in Leukemia/Lymphoma Patients With Febrile Neutropenia.

Purpose: Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a serious complication in hematologic malignancies, and lung infiltrates (LIs) remain a significant concern. An accurate microbiological diagnosis is crucial but difficult to establish. To address this, we analyzed the utility of a standardized method for performing bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) along with a two-step strategy for the analysis of BAL fluid.

Role of non-contrast CT component of prostate-specific membrane antigen PET/CT scan in the detection of peripheral zone prostate cancer.

Objective: The aim of this study was to look for feasibility of non-contrast CT (NCCT) in detecting peripheral zone prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods: A retrospective analysis included 50 biopsy-proven PCa patients between April 2019 and March 2022 who underwent staging whole body prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)/CT prior to treatment. The control subjects were 50 randomly selected adult male patients who underwent PET/CT for non-prostate malignancy during the same time period.

MRI assessment of ovarian masses and correlating with CA-125.

Background: The combined use of appropriate imaging modalities and serum biomarkers like serum Carcinoembryonic Antigen-125 (CA-125) helps plan treatment strategies and reduce overall mortality.

Aims And Objectives: To assess ovarian masses on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and correlate them with serum CA-125 values. To derive a new serum CA-125 cut-off value for differentiating benign from malignant ovarian masses.

CXCL10 as a biomarker of interstitial lung disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Introduction: Pulmonary involvement is a frequent and serious rheumatoid arthritis (RA) manifestation that affects 60%-80% of patients. CXCL10 is an inflammatory chemokine that regulates different biological responses, such as chemotaxis, angiogenesis, and inflammation.

Aim: This study aimed to identify the role of CXCL10 as a peripheral blood marker of RA-ILD and its correlation with disease activity.

CFD investigation of multiple peristaltic waves in a 3D unobstructed ureter.

Ureters are essential components of the urinary system and play a crucial role in the transportation of urine from the kidneys to the bladder. In the current study, a three-dimensional ureter is modelled. A series of peristaltic waves are made to travel on the ureter wall to analyse and measure parameter effects such as pressure, velocity, gradient pressure, and wall shear at different time steps.

Clinical Utility of Arterial Spin Labeling Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Evaluation of the Brain.

Introduction: Cerebral blood flow (CBF) is essential for studying the brain in both normal and diseased states. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique that uses arterial water as an endogenous tracer to measure CBF, thus does not require an injection of exogenous tracers and is noninvasive and can therefore be used to track changes in CBF.

Materials And Methods: This prospective, observational and descriptive study was done at the department of imaging, Maxcure Hospital, Hyderabad, for the duration of 18 months.

Clinicoradiological Profile of Incomplete Hippocampal Inversion Diagnosed on MR Neuroimaging.

Background And Purpose: Incomplete hippocampal inversion (IHI) is a developmental failure of normal hippocampal inversion. Previous studies have described IHI in epilepsy and non-epilepsy subjects. IHI has also been reported with malformations of cortical development (MCDs) and corpus callosal agenesis that have association with neuropsychiatric disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Comparison of hybrid arch bar versus conventional arch bar for temporary maxillomandibular fixation during treatment of jaw fractures: a prospective comparative study.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of a hybrid arch bar (hAB) with the conventional Erich arch bar (EAB) for the management of jaw fractures, focusing on their use for temporary fixation in patients undergoing open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF).

Materials And Methods: Patients presenting with maxillary and mandibular fractures at our institution were included in this prospective, comparative study. Placement time and ease of occlusal reproducibility were recorded intraoperatively for Group A (hAB patients) and Group B (EAB patients).

Development and validation of a gel wax phantom to evaluate geometric accuracy and measurement of a hyperechoic target diameter in diagnostic ultrasound imaging.

Diagnostic ultrasound (US) scanners are generally evaluated using proprietary quality assurance (QA) phantoms, but their prohibitively high cost may prevent organizations to perform the necessary tests. This study aimed to develop a low-cost gel wax phantom with targets to determine the lateral and axial resolution and diameter of a hyperechoic target in an US scanner. The acoustic property (AP) of gel wax, which includes the speed of sound (c), acoustic impedance (Z), and attenuation coefficient (µ), were determined for multiple transducers operating at 2.

Inter-observer Variability in the Analysis of CO-RADS Classification for COVID-19 Patients.

During the early stages of the pandemic, computed tomography (CT) of the chest, along with serological and clinical data, was frequently utilized in diagnosing COVID-19, particularly in regions facing challenges such as shortages of PCR kits. In these circumstances, CT scans played a crucial role in diagnosing COVID-19 and guiding patient management. The COVID-19 Reporting and Data System (CO-RADS) was established as a standardized reporting system for cases of COVID-19 pneumonia.

Sella Turcica Size in Women with Sheehan Syndrome-A Case-Control Study.

Introduction: Sheehan syndrome is a common cause of hypopituitarism in developing countries. Among risk factors, in addition to post-partum haemorrhage, a smaller sellar volume is also believed to predispose to pituitary necrosis. Some earlier studies have reported smaller sellar volume in these patients but involved a small number of patients and lacked matched controls.

2023 Update of Indian National Association for Study of the Liver Consensus on Management of Intermediate and Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: The Puri III Recommendations.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presents significant treatment challenges despite considerable advancements in its management. The Indian National Association for the Study of the Liver (INASL) first published its guidelines to aid healthcare professionals in the diagnosis and treatment of HCC in 2014. These guidelines were subsequently updated in 2019.

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage of early pancreatic necrotic collection: Single-center retrospective study.

Background: Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided drainage is the standard of care for drainage of pancreatic necrosis. Though initially it was mainly used for drainage of only walled-off necrosis, recently, a few studies have also shown its safety in the management of acute necrotic collections. We did a retrospective study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of EUS-guided drainage in the early phase of pancreatitis as compared to interventions in the late phase.

mRNA profiling of cytokines to understand paradoxical response in HIV-uninfected tuberculous meningitis.

Paradoxical reaction (PR) in tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a major management issue. We report mRNA profiling of cytokines to understand PR in HIV-uninfected TBM patients. 72 patients with TBM were included, and their clinical, MRI, and mRNA profiling of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α, interleukin (IL) 6, IL10 and interferon (IFN) γ genes in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells were done at admission and 6 weeks of antitubercular treatment.

Essentials of Computed Tomography Imaging of Hematuria.

Hematuria is defined usually as the presence of blood in the urine, either on voiding or in a catheterized specimen. Hematuria is broadly divided into microscopic and gross hematuria and may be symptomatic or asymptomatic. The causes of hematuria include a very wide spectrum of conditions.

Trigeminal Lipomatosis: A Rare Cause of Intractable Neuralgia.

Lipomatosis of nerve, earlier known as fibrolipomatous hamartoma is a rare condition which predominantly affects peripheral nerves, cranial nerve involvement being extremely uncommon. Preoperative consideration of this entity is of paramount importance as its inadvertent complete surgical resection may inevitably result in significant neurological deficit. We report a case of trigeminal lipomatosis in a young patient with trigeminal neuralgia.

Interobserver reproducibility of RENAL nephrometry score in comparison to simplified PADUA Renal nephrometry score.

Introduction: Nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) is the standard of care for renal tumors, especially in the early stages. RENAL Nephrometry scores provide a comprehensive presurgical predictive module for the choice of NSS or Radical Nephrectomy. The validity and reliability of Nephrometry scores is being tested continuously with advancement in the surgical techniques.

Serum neuregulin 1 in relation to ventricular function and subclinical atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes patients.

Background And Aims: Neuregulin 1 (NRG-1) is one of the members of the epidermal growth factors proteins. The present study provides novel insights into the relationship between serum levels of NRG-1 and insulin resistance, subclinical atherosclerosis and cardiac dysfunction that occur in type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: The study included 50 patients with T2D and 40 healthy age- and gender-matched controls.

Unveiling the intriguing puzzle: Nodular heterotopia and Mega Cisterna Magna in an adult female.

The co-occurrence of Mega Cisterna Magna and Periventricular Nodular Heterotopia in an adult female patient is an uncommon and intriguing observation. Most instances are X-linked, typically with the Xq28-localized filamin A gene FLNA as the culprit. In this case study, we present a 52-year-old female patient who sought medical care for recurring headaches and epilepsy.