The sarcoma ring trial: a case-based analysis of inter-center agreement across 21 German-speaking sarcoma centers.

Purpose: The management of soft tissue sarcoma (STS) at reference centers with specialized multidisciplinary tumor boards (MTB) improves patient survival. The German Cancer Society (DKG) certifies sarcoma centers in German-speaking countries, promoting high standards of care. This study investigated the variability in treatment recommendations for localized STS across different German-speaking tertiary sarcoma centers.

In-vitro and in-vivo assessment of biocompatibility and efficacy of ostrich eggshell membrane combined with platelet-rich plasma in Achilles tendon regeneration.

Tendon injuries present significant medical, social, and economic challenges globally. Despite advancements in tendon injury repair techniques, outcomes remain suboptimal due to inferior tissue quality and functionality. Tissue engineering offers a promising avenue for tendon regeneration, with biocompatible scaffolds playing a crucial role.

ATRX loss inhibits DDR to strengthen radio-sensitization in p53-deficent HCT116 cells.

Identifying novel targets for molecular radiosensitization is critical for improving the efficacy of colorectal cancer (CRC) radiotherapy. Alpha-thalassemia/mental retardation X-linked (ATRX), a member of the SWI/SNF-like chromatin remodeling protein family, functions in the maintenance of genomic integrity and the regulation of apoptosis and senescence. However, whether ATRX is directly involved in the radiosensitivity of CRC remains unclear.

D-ribose-5-phosphate inactivates YAP and functions as a metabolic checkpoint.

Background: Targeting glucose uptake by glucose transporter (GLUT) inhibitors is a therapeutic opportunity, but efforts on GLUT inhibitors have not been successful in the clinic and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We aim to identify the key metabolic changes responsible for cancer cell survival from glucose limitation and elucidate its mechanism.

Methods: The level of phosphorylated YAP was analyzed with Western blotting and Phos-tag immunoblotting.

Evaluating the impact of performance status in elderly patients with glioblastoma.

Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is a common brain tumor with a poor prognosis. There is a paucity of knowledge regarding optimal treatment approaches for elderly patients with GBM who have a relatively good Karnofsky (KPS) or Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status. This study compared treatment outcomes in older patients (≥65) with GBM based on their performance status, either high (KPS ≥ 70 and ECOG < 2) or low (KPS < 70 and ECOG ≥ 2), who underwent hypofractionated radiotherapy (HFRT) (40 Gy in 15 fractions) versus conventional fractionation (60 Gy in 30 fractions).

Radioimmunotherapy of acute myeloid leukemia: a critical assessment of its prospects and limitations.

Introduction: Leukemic stemcells (LSC) are the source of relapse in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Thus,eliminating LSC is one of the overarching goals of AML research. Radioimmunotherapyis an immunotherapeutic approach which utilizes radioactive isotopes aseffector molecules based on the proven ability of ionizing radiation (IR) tokill LSC.

Unravelling the outcome of L-glutaminase produced by Streptomyces sp. strain 5 M as an anti-neoplasm activity.

Background: Actinomycetes are a well-known example of a microbiological origin that may generate a wide variety of chemical structures. As excellent cell factories, these sources are able to manufacture medicines, agrochemicals, and enzymes that are crucial.

Results: In this study, about 34 randomly selected Streptomyces isolates were discovered in soil, sediment, sea water, and other environments.

NUFIP1 integrates amino acid sensing and DNA damage response to maintain the intestinal homeostasis.

Nutrient availability strongly affects intestinal homeostasis. Here, we report that low-protein (LP) diets decrease amino acids levels, impair the DNA damage response (DDR), cause DNA damage and exacerbate inflammation in intestinal tissues of male mice with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Intriguingly, loss of nuclear fragile X mental retardation-interacting protein 1 (NUFIP1) contributes to the amino acid deficiency-induced impairment of the DDR in vivo and in vitro and induces necroptosis-related spontaneous enteritis.

Localized In Vivo Prodrug Activation Using Radionuclides.

Radionuclides used for imaging and therapy can show high molecular specificity in the body with appropriate targeting ligands. We hypothesized that local energy delivered by molecularly targeted radionuclides could chemically activate prodrugs at disease sites while avoiding activation in off-target sites of toxicity. As proof of principle, we tested whether this strategy of radionuclide-induced drug engagement for release (RAiDER) could locally deliver combined radiation and chemotherapy to maximize tumor cytotoxicity while minimizing off-target exposure to activated chemotherapy.

Infiltrating plasma cells maintain glioblastoma stem cells through IgG-Tumor binding.

Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive primary brain tumor with glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) enforcing the intra-tumoral hierarchy. Plasma cells (PCs) are critical effectors of the B-lineage immune system, but their roles in glioblastoma remain largely unexplored. Here, we leverage single-cell RNA and B cell receptor sequencing of tumor-infiltrating B-lineage cells and reveal that PCs are aberrantly enriched in the glioblastoma-infiltrating B-lineage population, experience low level of somatic hypermutation, and are associated with poor prognosis.

Low-dose radiation ameliorates PM2.5-induced lung injury through non-canonical TLR1/TLR2-like receptor pathways modulated by Akkermansia muciniphila.

Exposure of PM2.5 can cause different degrees of lung injury, which is referred with inflammatory response. Some evidences showed that low-dose radiation (LDR) induces hormesis in immune, however, it is unknown if LDR ameliorates the PM2.

Dual efficacy of tocilizumab in managing PD-1 inhibitors-induced myocardial inflammatory injury and suppressing tumor growth with PD-1 inhibitors: a preclinical study.

The combined use of tocilizumab (TCZ) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in cancer treatment is gaining attention, but preclinical studies are lacking. Our study aims to investigate the synergistic anti-tumor effect of TCZ combined with ICIs and its role in treating immune-related adverse events (irAEs). The clinical significance of high interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression in tumor patients was analyzed from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.

Impact of short and long-term application of low-level laser therapy on mandibular alveolar process of osteoporotic rats - a Histological and Molecular Study.

This study aims to investigate and compare the effects of short and long-term application of low-level laser therapy on the mandibular alveolar process of osteoporotic rats. Forty adult male albino rats were included in this study. After animal grouping, the experimental group received dexamethasone (0.

Prognostic immune markers in esophageal cancer patients managed with trimodal therapy.

Background: Esophageal cancer (ESC) is an aggressive disease which often presents at an advanced stage. Despite trimodal therapy, 40-50% patients can develop metastatic disease by 18 months. Identification of patients at risk for metastatic spread is challenging with need for improved prognostication.

Nanostructural Analysis of Age-Related Changes Affecting Human Dentin.

Human dentin performs its function throughout life, even though it is not remodeled like bone. Therefore, dentin must have extreme durability against daily repetitive loading. Elucidating its durability requires a comprehensive understanding of its shape, structure, and anisotropy at various levels of its structure.

Detection of H3F3A K27M or BRAF V600E in liquid biopsies of brain tumor patients as diagnostic and monitoring biomarker: impact of tumor localization and sampling method.

Gliomas are the most common brain tumor type in children and adolescents. To date, diagnosis and therapy monitoring for these tumors rely on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histopathological as well as molecular analyses of tumor tissue. Recently, liquid biopsies (LB) have emerged as promising tool for diagnosis and longitudinal tumor assessment potentially allowing for a more precise therapeutic management.

Efficacy of pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib as first-line treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma with multiple brain metastases.

Introduction: Patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma have a poor prognosis and its specific pathogenesis remains unelucidated.

Case Presentation: At 78 years of age, a Japanese male patient was diagnosed with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (cT3N2M1 stage) and multiple brain metastases that were responsive to stereotactic radiation therapy followed by systemic combination induction therapy of pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib. Adverse events, including grade 3 hypertension, grade 2 eruption, and elevated grade 2 fever, were controlled by a dose reduction or suspension of drugs.

Optimizing Radiation Protection in PET/CT Examinations: Reducing Occupational Exposure During Patient Positioning.

Objectives The objective of this study was to evaluate the occupational radiation exposure of healthcare workers during positron emission tomography (PET)/CT examinations, focusing on patient positioning and assessing the effectiveness of different radiation protection measures. Methods Thirteen medical workers (physicians, radiological technologists, and nurses) performed PET/CT examinations on 86 patients at a major Japanese hospital from June to August 2019. Occupational doses were measured using a real-time semiconductor dosimeter: RaySafe i2 (Unfors RaySafe, Billdal, Sweden), recording the 1 cm dose equivalent (Hp(10)).

Sky High or Grounded: Nest Site Selection of Herons and Egrets in a Mixed-Species Colony.

Resource partitioning is crucial for the coexistence of colonial herons, as it allows multiple species to share the same habitat while minimising competition. This study took advantage of a natural experiment in 2006 and 2007 when Black-crowned Night Herons were prevented from breeding at Lake Fetzara in the first year due to the presence of a feral cat. This event provided valuable insight into the spatial and temporal dynamics of nest site selection among coexisting heron species, which consisted of Cattle Egrets (), Little Egrets () and Squacco Herons ().

Elucidating the expression and role of cGAS in pan-cancer using integrated bioinformatics and experimental approaches.

cGAS plays an important role in regulating both tumor immune responses and DNA damage repair. Nevertheless, there was little research that comprehensively analyzed the correlation between cGAS and the tumor microenvironment, immune cell infiltration, and DNA damage repair in different cancers. In this study, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) data were used to analyze the mRNA expression and genomic alterations of cGAS in pan-cancer.

Nanostructural and nanomechanical alterations of photosensitized lipid membranes due to light induced formation of reactive oxygen species.

Photosensitization has a wide range of applications in vastly distant fields. Three key components must be present at the same time to trigger the related photodynamic effect: light, the photosensitizer (PS) and oxygen. Irradiating the sensitizer leads to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 contributes to radon exposure-induced lung injury by recruiting dendritic cells to activate effector T helper cells.

Radon (Rn) is a naturally occurring radioactive gas, ionizing radiation emitted by the radon induces oxidative stress and the up-regulation of inflammatory proteins, which may cause lung damage or cancer. However, the underlying pathogenesis remains to be determined. effector T helper cells are key in mediating the host's protection and immune homeostasis.

Integration of multi-omics and benchmark dose modeling to support adverse outcome pathways.

Background: Recent advancements in omics and benchmark dose (BMD) modeling have facilitated identifying the dose required for a predetermined change in a response (e.g. gene or protein change) that can be used to establish acceptable dose levels for hazardous exposures.

FAIR data - the photon and neutron communities move together towards open science.

The topic of data storage, traceability, and data use and reuse in the years following experiments is becoming an important topic in Europe and across the world. Many scientific communities are striving to create open data by the FAIR principles. This is a requirement from the European Commission for EU-funded projects and experiments at EU-funded research infrastructures (RIs) and from many national funding agencies.