The reality of pressure ulcers: an exploratory sequential mixed design study in coaches and Paralympic Athletes.

Objectives: This study aims to explore and understand the knowledge and attitudes of Paralympic athletes and their coaches toward pressure ulcers. By focusing on this underserved population, the study seeks to improve awareness, recognition, and management practices to minimize the health and performance impacts of pressure ulcers in Paralympic sports.

Methods: Paralympic athletes and their coaches were contacted.

Advancements of AI in healthcare: a comprehensive review of ChatGPT's applications and challenges.

The rapid integration of artificial intelligence into healthcare has introduced transformative possibilities and challenges. The current narrative review was planned to explore diverse applications of Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT) across medical domains, ranging from dietary planning and disease management to medical education and clinical decision support. A comprehensive analysis of ChatGPT's healthcare applications was conducted between July and September 2023, reviewing literature from prominent medical journals and databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library and the Cumulated Index in Nursing and Allied Health Literature.

Three-dimensional quantitative temporomandibular joint changes in skeletal class I malocclusion treated with extraction and non-extraction protocols: a comparative study of fixed orthodontic appliances and clear aligners.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the positional and morphological changes in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in adult patients with skeletal Class I malocclusion treated with fixed orthodontic appliances (FAs) and clear aligners (CAs), both with and without premolar extractions.

Methods: This retrospective study involved 120 adult patients divided into non-extraction and extraction groups, each further subdivided equally into those treated with FAs and CAs. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was used to assess the TMJ measurements before (T0) and after treatment (T1).

Investigation of dielectric and spectroscopic properties of pure, commercial, and sugar solution added honey with microwave X band and spectroscopy techniques.

The adulteration of honey is a globally growing issue due to its medicinal benefits and health-promoting properties. This problem primarily involves the addition of sugars and other substances. To address these concerns, a comparative study was conducted to investigate the dielectric and spectroscopic properties of pure, sugar solution added honey, and commercially available honey.

Shared Decision-Making on Tobacco Smoking by Older Adults Living in Residential Care Facilities: Care Professionals' Perspectives.

Objectives: Older adults with physical or cognitive disabilities may need to move to residential care facilities (RCFs). Some older adults smoke tobacco and become dependent on their care professionals to continue smoking. Care professionals need to balance an individual resident's quality of life and well-being with the health and safety of all residents and staff.

Development of a Silver-Based MOF Oxidase-Like nanozyme modified with molecularly imprinted polymer for sensitive and selective colorimetric detection of quercetin.

Antioxidants are vital components in various food, plant, and pharmacological products, making their quantitative, selective, and straightforward assessment essential for evaluating product quality and health benefits. Nanozymes, such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with enzyme-like catalytic activity, hold significant potential for developing highly efficient antioxidant sensing platforms. This is due to their large specific surface area, low density, high porosity, structural diversity, and adjustable pore size.

Real world experience with cladribine tablets for multiple sclerosis at four academic multiple sclerosis centers.

Background: Cladribine tablets (CladT) are a multiple sclerosis (MS) disease-modifying therapy (DMT) with safety and efficacy established in the CLARITY trial and extension. A better understanding of the role of CladT in real-world populations is needed, including the clinical and radiographic trajectories of persons with MS (PwMS) treated with CladT and how CladT compares to other MS DMTs.

Methods: PwMS receiving CladT at 4 tertiary MS centers were identified and characterized.

FHL1 as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in acute promyelocytic leukaemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has a poor prognosis and high heterogeneity. Most cases of leukemias are caused by environmental factors interacting with the cell's genetic material, but treatment is still dominated by cell cycle drugs. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find reliable biomarkers.

The association of dietary approaches to stop hypertension measured by the food frequency questionnaire with metabolic syndrome and some inflammatory biomarkers in adolescents with obesity: a case-control study.

Background: Globally, obesity trends are a serious public health concern. Adolescent obesity is associated with cardiometabolic risk and metabolic disorders in adolescence and may persist into adulthood. The current study was designed to explore the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) in adolescents and its relationship with obesity, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and some inflammatory biomarkers.

Cellular Senescence Contributes to Colonic Barrier Integrity Impairment Induced by Toxoplasma gondii Infection.

Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) induces gut barrier integrity impairment, which is crucial to the establishment of long-term infection in hosts. Cellular senescence is an imperative event that drives disease progression.

Novel synaptic markers predict early tau pathology and cognitive deficit in an asymptomatic population at risk of Alzheimer's disease.

Cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease (AD) correlates closely with pathology in the neuronal microtubule-associated protein tau. Tau pathology may spread via neural synapses. In a population of cognitively unimpaired elderly at elevated risk of AD, we investigated four cerebrospinal (CSF) markers of synaptic dysfunction and degeneration.

A novel dual fixation method for improving the reliable assessment of pulmonary vascular morphology in pulmonary hypertension rats.

This study introduced a novel dual fixation method for the pulmonary vasculature and lung tissue in pulmonary hypertension (PH) rats, addressing the limitations of traditional fixation methods that failed to accurately preserve the in vivo status of pulmonary vascular morphology. The modified method involved a dual fixation process, combining individualized ventilation support and vascular perfusion to simulate the respiratory motion, pulmonary artery pressure and right ventricular output of the rat under in vivo conditions. Utilizing a monocrotaline-induced PH rat model, this study compared the dual fixation with the traditional immersion fixation, focusing on the quantitative assessment of alveolar expansion degree, capillary patency, endothelial cell quantity and wall thickness of pulmonary vein and artery.

LGR4 is a key regulator of hepatic gluconeogenesis.

Aims/hypothesis: Emerging evidence underscored the significance of leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor (LGR) 4 in endocrine and metabolic disorders. Despite this, its role in LGR4 in hepatic glucose metabolism remains poorly understood. In this study we set out to test whether LGR4 regulates glucose production in liver through a specific signaling pathway.

Antibiotic resistance genes in anaerobic digestion: Unresolved challenges and potential solutions.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) threatens public health, necessitating urgent efforts to mitigate the global impact of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Anaerobic digestion (AD), known for volatile solid reduction and energy generation, also presents a feasible approach for the removal of ARGs. This review encapsulates the existing understanding of ARGs and antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) during the AD process, highlighting unresolved challenges pertaining to their detection and quantification.

Arrhythmia Burden in Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries (cc-TGA): Does Treatment Pathway Matter?

Background: There is limited data comparing arrhythmia burden amongst patients with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (cc-TGA) undergoing anatomic repair (AR), physiologic repair (PR), and non-surgical management (NS).

Objective: To examine the difference in rate of brady- and tachyarrhythmias amongst patients with cc-TGA stratified by treatment pathway.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted including all patients with cc-TGA followed at Cleveland Clinic Children's (1995-2021).

Suspect screening and quantitative analysis of 165 contaminants of emerging concern in water, sediments, and biota using LC-MS/MS: Ecotoxicological and human health risk assessment.

This study aimed to implement a targeted multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) screening strategy using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for the initial detection of 165 compounds of emerging concern (CECs) in water, sediment, and fish samples. Following the screening, confirmatory and quantitative analyses were conducted using analytical standards for the detected compounds. Qualitative results were confirmed using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) for those CECs without available standards.

Exploring the effect of hsa-miR-19b-3p on IL-1R1 expression and serum levels in alopecia areata.

Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune condition marked by hair loss, linked to inflammatory processes involving the interleukin-1 receptor type 1 (IL-1R1) pathway. This study aims to explore the relationship between IL-1R1 gene expression, serum IL-1R1 levels, and hsa-miR-19b-3p in relation to AA severity. Using a case-control design, we assessed 100 AA patients and 100 healthy controls, measuring serum IL-1R1 through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and analyzing IL-1R1 gene and hsa-miR-19b-3p expression levels via quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).

Occupational exposure to diesel engine exhaust and first-time acute myocardial infarction - a nationwide register-based cohort study 1976- 2018.

Aims: Exposure to air pollution including diesel engine exhaust (DEE) is associated with increased risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Few studies have investigated the risk of AMI according to occupational exposure to DEE. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between occupational exposure to DEE and the risk of first-time AMI.

Composite microRNA-genetic risk score model links to migraine and implicates its pathogenesis.

The neurobiological mechanisms driving the ictal-interictal fluctuations and the chronification of migraine remain elusive. We aimed to construct a composite genetic-microRNA model that could reflect the dynamic perturbations of the disease course and inform the pathogenesis of migraine. We prospectively recruited four groups of participants, including interictal episodic migraine (i.

Early CRPS Is a Heterogeneous Condition: Results From a Latent Class Analysis.

Background: Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a debilitating condition characterised by significant heterogeneity. Early diagnosis is critical, but limited data exists on the condition's early stages. This study aimed to characterise (very) early CRPS patients and explore potential subgroups to enhance understanding of its mechanisms.

Differences and contributors to global cognitive performance in the underrepresented Latinx Parkinson's disease population.

Despite significant progress in understanding the factors influencing cognitive function in Parkinson's disease (PD), there is a notable gap in data representation for the Latinx population. This study aims to evaluate the contributors to and disparities in cognitive performance among Latinx patients with PD. A retrospective analysis was conducted based on cross-sectional data encompassing demographic, environmental, motor, and non-motor disease characteristics from the Latin American Research Consortium on the Genetics of PD (LARGE-PD) and the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) cohorts.

Upper cervical spinal cord atrophy in MS: Sex, menopause, and neurodegeneration.

Background: Spinal cord (SC) atrophy is a key imaging biomarker of progressive multiple sclerosis (MS). Progressive MS is more common in men and postmenopausal women.

Objective: Investigate the impact of sex and menopause on SC measurements in persons with MS (pwMS).

DNA methylation at birth and IgE trajectories from birth to adolescence, different patterns between White and Asian.

Aim: We aim to assess association of DNA methylation (DNAm) at birth with total immunoglobulin E (IgE) trajectories from birth to late adolescence and whether such association is ethnicity-specific.

Methods: We examined the association of total IgE trajectories from birth to late adolescence with DNAm at birth in two independent birth cohorts, the Isle of wight birth cohort (IOWBC) in UK ( = 796; White) and the maternal and infant cohort study (MICS) in Taiwan ( = 60; Asian). Biological pathways and methylation quantitative trait loci (methQTL) for associated Cytosine-phosphate-Guanine sites were studied.

Revamping field practicum: insights for future health services management professionals.

Background: The effectiveness of Health Services Management curricula relies heavily on practical experiences that reflect the evolving needs of the healthcare sector. This study focuses on revising Field Practicum 4 for undergraduate students to better prepare them for leadership roles in healthcare.

Methods: This qualitative and cross-sectional case study was conducted during the 2022-2023 academic year at Zabol University of Medical Sciences.

Social determinants of oral health in an indigenous community of Chile: preliminary data of a mixed qualitative and quantitative study.

Introduction: Certain aspects of indigenous communities, such as cultural practices and access to care, have been discussed as potential determinants of oral health. However, research on this topic remains limited. Understanding the factors influencing oral health and their perceptions is crucial for developing culturally appropriate interventions.