Neglect symptoms are related to a prediction-hypersensitivity in ipsilesional space.

The precise cognitive mechanisms underlying spatial neglect are not fully understood. Recent studies have provided the first evidence for aberrant behavioral and electrophysiological prediction and prediction error responses in patients with neglect, but also in right-hemispheric (RH) stroke patients without neglect. For prediction-dependent attention, as assessed with Posner-type cueing paradigms with volatile cue-target contingencies, studies in healthy volunteers point to a crucial role of the right temporo-parietal junction (rTPJ) - as part of a network commonly disrupted in neglect.

Gynecological gender-affirming surgeries: what are the motivations and experiences? A qualitative study.

Background: Although many transmasculine individuals undergo 1 or more gynecological surgeries (ie, hysterectomy, oophorectomy, tubectomy, or colpectomy), little has been published about motivation, subjective experiences, and the effect on dysphoria and quality of life.

Aim: The aim of this study was to acquire an in-depth understanding of patients' motivations and experienced outcomes of gynecological gender surgery.

Methods: In this qualitative study, in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted.

Preliminaries to artificial consciousness: A multidimensional heuristic approach.

The pursuit of artificial consciousness requires conceptual clarity to navigate its theoretical and empirical challenges. This paper introduces a composite, multilevel, and multidimensional model of consciousness as a heuristic framework to guide research in this field. Consciousness is treated as a complex phenomenon, with distinct constituents and dimensions that can be operationalized for study and for evaluating their replication.

Structural brain basis of latent factors of executive functions in childhood.

Executive functions can be classified into processes of inhibition, working memory and shifting, which together support flexible and goal-directed behaviour and are crucial for both current and later-life outcomes. A large body of literature has identified distinct brain regions critical to performing each of these functions. These findings are however predicated on a piecemeal and single-task approach.

Infant neural processing of mother's face is associated with falling reactivity in the first year of life.

It is well established that faces evoke a distinct neural response in the adult and infant brain. Past research has focused on how the infant face-sensitive ERP components (N290, P400, Nc) reflect different aspects of face processing, however there is still a lack of understanding of how these components reflect face familiarity and how they change over time. Further, there are only a few studies on whether these neural responses correlate with other aspects of development, such as infant temperament.

Deep brain stimulation - A primer for psychiatrists.

Deep Brain Stimulation is a form of neurostimulation where electrical stimulation is delivered via intracranial electrodes over specific subcortical targets. It has been increasingly used as an alternative to ablative procedures for psychiatric disorders refractory to standard treatments. This review describes the common psychiatric indications for DBS, the current evidence base, putative mechanisms, and future directions.

The utility of multiple assessments in infancy and toddlerhood to predict middle childhood ADHD symptoms: Temperamental, behavioral, and genetic contributions.

Background: Early intervention is effective for reducing ADHD symptoms and related impairments, yet methods of identifying young children in need of services are lacking. Most early predictors of ADHD previously identified are of limited clinical utility. This study examines several theoretically relevant predictors of ADHD in infancy and toddlerhood and whether assessment at multiple time points improves prediction.

Effect of eHealth Interventions on Body Image of Patients With Cancer: Systematic Review.

Background: Body image issues are prevalent among individuals diagnosed with cancer, leading to detrimental effects on their physical and psychological recovery. eHealth has emerged as a promising approach for enhancing the body image of patients with cancer.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of eHealth interventions on body image and other health outcomes (quality of life, physical symptoms, and emotional distress) among patients with cancer.

Trends in Mental Health Outcomes of College Students Amid the Pandemic (Roadmap mHealth App): Longitudinal Observational Study.

Background: The mental health crisis among college students intensified amid the COVID-19 pandemic, suggesting an urgent need for innovative solutions to support them. Previous efforts to address mental health concerns have been constrained, often due to the underuse or shortage of services. Mobile health (mHealth) technology holds significant potential for providing resilience-building support and enhancing access to mental health care.

User Outcomes for an App-Delivered Hypnosis Intervention for Menopausal Hot Flashes: Retrospective Analysis.

Background: Hypnotherapy has been shown to be a safe, nonhormonal intervention effective for treating menopausal hot flashes. However, women experiencing hot flashes may face accessibility barriers to in-person hypnotherapy. To solve this issue, a smartphone app has been created to deliver hypnotherapy.

Long-Term Moderating Effect of Resilience Capacity on the Impact of Stressful Life Events on Depressive Symptoms After 6 Years in Outpatients With Depression and/or Anxiety.

Previous cross-sectional studies have utilized scales to explore potential indications of the moderating effect of resilience on the relationship between stressful life events (SLEs) and mental health. However, there remains a notable dearth of psychometrically driven models in longitudinal resilience research, especially concerning the prognosis of individuals with affective disorders and/or anxiety. This study aimed to investigate whether baseline resilience capacity, measured by the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, could mitigate the impact of SLEs on depressive symptoms assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory-II among 66 outpatients with depression and/or anxiety disorders during a follow-up period ranging from 4-8 years.

Impact of Noise on Medical Anxiety in Hospitalized Children with Pneumonia: A Retrospective Study.

Purpose: Noise levels may have an impact on the level of fear and anxiety in hospitalized children, which, in turn, may affect the effectiveness of treatment. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the impact of noise levels on medical anxiety in hospitalized children with pneumonia.

Methods: Children hospitalized for pneumonia in our hospital from January 2020 to December 2023 were consecutively enrolled in this study.

Effect of introduction of elastic compression bandages on quality of life in patients with lower extremity vascular skin ulcers: a prospective study correlating WOUND-Q patient-reported outcome measures and evidence-based medicine.

Background: Evidence-based medicine and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are helpful tools in the wound care field, but few studies correlating quality of life (QoL) changes with objective changes exist.

Objective: To investigate the QoL changes following the shift from primary dressings alone to elastic compression bandages in patients with a new diagnosis of vascular skin ulcer, and to evaluate a possible correlation between objective and subjective changes.

Materials And Methods: This study included 122 patients with a new diagnosis of vascular skin ulcer, who had previously used only primary dressings alone.

Early Identification of Language Disorders Using Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning: Challenges and Emerging Approaches.

Purpose: Recent advances in artificial intelligence provide opportunities to capture and represent complex features of human language in a more automated manner, offering potential means of improving the efficiency of language assessment. This review article presents computerized approaches for the analysis of narrative language and identification of language disorders in children.

Method: We first describe the current barriers to clinicians' use of language sample analysis, narrative language sampling approaches, and the data processing stages that precede analysis.

Kinetic Oscillation Stimulation for the Preventive Treatment of Chronic Migraine: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled Trial.

Background And Objectives: The Chordate System administers kinetic oscillation stimulation (K.O.S) into the nasal cavity thereby potentially modulating the activity of trigemino-autonomic reflex.

Association of Opioid Use Disorder-Related Service Trajectories during Pregnancy and Postpartum Health Service Use: A Group-Based Multitrajectory Modeling Study.

Objective: The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between opioid use disorder (OUD)-related service trajectories during pregnancy and postpartum emergency department (ED) and hospitalizations.

Methods: We used the Merative MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters Database (2013-2021) to identify a cohort of pregnant individuals with OUD. We used group-based multitrajectory modeling to identify opioid-related treatment and service trajectories during pregnancy and examined their association with postpartum ED and hospital utilization.

Association of Medial Temporal Lobe Cerebrovascular Reactivity and Memory Function in Older Adults With and Without Cognitive Impairment.

Background And Objectives: Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) represents the ability of cerebral blood vessels to regulate blood flow in response to vasoactive stimuli and is related to cognition in cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative conditions. However, few studies have examined CVR in the medial temporal lobe, known to be affected early in Alzheimer disease and to influence memory function. We aimed to examine whether medial temporal CVR is associated with memory function in older adults with and without mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Oral microbiome dysbiosis is associated with precancerous lesions and disorders of upper gastrointestinal tract: A population-based study.

Background And Aims: Oral microbiota may contribute to the development of upper gastrointestinal (UGI) disorders. We aimed to study the association between the microbiome of saliva, subgingival and buccal mucosa, and UGI disorders, particularly precancerous lesions. We also aimed to determine which oral site might serve as the most effective biomarker for UGI disorders.

Eating Disorder Risk Factors and the Impact of Obesity in Patients With Psoriasis.

Current evidence indicates that obesity may initiate psoriasis or worsen existing disease. Various factors contribute to the development of obesity, including eating disorders (EDs). The aim of this study was to screen for and identify factors associated with EDs in patients with psoriasis and their impact on the development of obesity in this population.

Association between methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 5 gene and depressive symptoms in Mexican population: Results from MxGDAR/Encodat cohort.

Objective: To explore the association between 75 candidate genes previously reported in subjects with anxiety symptoms (AS) and depressive symptoms (DS) in a Mexican cohort.

Methods: The sample included 2012 individuals from the Mexican Genomic Database for Addiction Research (MxGDAR/Encodat) cohort, 198 showed AS, 266 DS, 66 anxiety and depressive symptoms (ADS), and 1482 healthy controls. The DI-PAD screening questionnaire was used to evaluate lifetime AS and DS.

Impact of partial occlusion of the face on multisensory emotion perception: Comparison of pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic.

We perceive and understand others' emotional states from multisensory information such as facial expressions and vocal cues. However, such cues are not always available or clear. Can partial loss of visual cues affect multisensory emotion perception? In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has led to the widespread use of face masks, which can reduce some facial cues used in emotion perception.

"If my husband was in the labor ward with me, my baby wouldn't have died"; experiences on birth companionship from a tertiary health facility, Tanzania.

Background: Despite existing policies promoting companionship, it remains uncommon in Tanzania. Pregnant women select a trusted individual to accompany them during childbirth, providing emotional, physical, and spiritual support. The World Health Organization recommends birth companionship as integral to intrapartum care for positive maternal and fetal outcomes.

Exploring the perceptions of the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental well-being and medical education of medical students in Northern Ireland, in addition to the perceived barriers to seeking support; a qualitative study.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic had a negative effect on population mental health. Medical students may have been particularly affected, whom prevalence of mental health conditions was already high before the pandemic hit, due to the difficult and stressful academic programme. In Northern Ireland specifically, mental well-being levels are the lowest across the UK; however limited research exists examining the medical student cohort.

Getting back on track after treatment of cancer: A qualitative interview study of cancer survivors' experiences.

Objective: An increasing number of people resumes life after cancer treatment. Although the (long-term) side-effects of cancer and its treatment can be significant, less is known about the impact on cancer survivors' participation in daily life. The aim of this study was to explore the common experiences of cancer survivors in resuming life after treatment.