Eating Pathology and Interoceptive Sensibility Using the Brief Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness-2: Can There be Too Much of a Good Thing?

This study evaluated the factorial structure and invariance of the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness-v2 (MAIA-2). We also investigated incremental validity of the MAIA-2 factors for predicting eating pathology beyond appetite-based interoception. US-based online respondents ( = 1294; =48.

The influence of red and blue font color on intertemporal choice: the mediating roles of time perception and dimensional difference comparison.

Background: Intertemporal choices are the process by which people make choices about losses or gains at different points in time (near or far). To explore the relationship between font color and intertemporal choice and to examine the serial mediation of time perception and intradimensional difference comparison on the association between font color and intertemporal choice on the basis of attribute-based choice models.

Methods: We randomly assigned subjects to the intertemporal choices questionnaire in a specific font color (blue vs.

Effects of the Early Start Denver Model on emotional dysregulation and behavior problems in children with Autism spectrum disorder : Effects of the early start Denver model on emotional dysregulation and behavior problems in Chinese children with Autism spectrum disorder.

Background: Most previous studies have focused on the clinical efficacy after intervention of ESDM, particularly in core symptoms. However, only a few have paid attention to the effectiveness of ESDM on emotional dysregulation and behavior problems in children with ASD. This study aimed to explore the effect of the ESDM on addressing emotional dysregulation and behavior problems in children with ASD in China, as well as its correlation with core symptoms of ASD.

Effects of sleep quality on the risk of various long COVID symptoms among older adults following infection: an observational study.

Background: The long-term sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its recovery have becoming significant public health concerns. Therefore, this study aimed to enhance the limited evidence regarding the relationship between sleep quality on long COVID among the older population aged 60 years or old.

Methods: Our study included 4,781 COVID-19 patients enrolled from April to May 2023, based on the Peking University Health Cohort.

The effect of the MyBFF@school program on cardiorespiratory fitness in overweight and obese primary schoolchildren: a cluster randomized controlled trial.

Background: MyBFF@school program consisting physical activity in the formed small-sided games (SSG), nutrition and psychology education was designed to combat obesity among schoolchildren in Malaysia. It was expected to improve cardiorespiratory fitness, hence, contributing to obesity treatment and prevention. Thus, we aimed to study the effects of the MyBFF@school program on the cardiorespiratory fitness of overweight and obese primary schoolchildren.

The relationship between frailty syndrome and quality of life in patients with hypertension: a multidimensional analysis.

Background: Hypertension is a common condition among the elderly and is frequently accompanied by frailty syndrome (FS). The coexistence of hypertension and FS poses significant challenges in patient management and negatively impacts the quality of life (QoL). This study aimed to analyze the relationship between FS and QoL in elderly patients with suspected hypertension.

Identification of a Subpopulation of Astrocyte Progenitor Cells in the Neonatal Subventricular Zone: Evidence that Migration is Regulated by Glutamate Signaling.

In mice engineered to express enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) under the control of the entire glutamate transporter 1 (GLT1) gene, eGFP is found in all 'adult' cortical astrocytes. However, when 8.3 kilobases of the human GLT1/EAAT2 promoter is used to control expression of tdTomato (tdT), tdT is only found in a subpopulation of these eGFP-expressing astrocytes.

Differences in anxiety, depression and pain experience among adults with chronic low back pain as a function of nicotine product use.

The landscape of nicotine use in the United States (US) has continued to evolve, with electronic cigarette use (hereafter e-cigarette) becoming more evident in recent years. Patterns of dual nicotine use, or using combustible nicotine in conjunction with e-cigarettes, may increase dependence on nicotine, continued exposure to toxins, and corresponding health risks. One of the most prevalent health problems related to nicotine use is the experience of chronic pain.

The Influence of Project ECHO and Integrated Behavioral Health in Primary Care on Emergency Department Visits Among Youth Diagnosed with Depression.

Rates of depression among youth and emergency department (ED) visits for un- or under-treated symptoms are on the rise. Early identification and treatment of depression is imperative at the patient, program, system, and population levels. This paper examines the individual and cumulative impact of Project ECHO and the inclusion of IBH services in pediatric primary care practices on mental health-related ED rates among youth diagnosed with depression for those practices.

Stochastic decisions support optimal foraging of volatile environments, and are disrupted by anxiety.

Adolescence is a developmental period of relative volatility, where the individual experiences significant changes to their physical and social environment. The ability to adapt to the volatility of one's surroundings is an important cognitive ability, particularly while foraging, a near-ubiquitous behaviour across the animal kingdom. As adolescents experience more volatility in their surroundings, we predicted that this age group would be more adept than adults at using exploration to adjust to volatility.

Impact of COVID-19 Public Health Measures on Antiretroviral Therapy Use Among Ugandans Living with HIV in Sero-Different Couples.

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) use and HIV suppression among people living with HIV (PLHIV) are critical for HIV control and prevention. Extreme restrictions on movement early during the COVID-19 pandemic in Uganda may have impeded the ability to initiate and sustain access to and use of ART. From our stepped-wedge cluster-randomized trial of an integrated PrEP and ART intervention for HIV-serodifferent couples at 12 ART clinics in Uganda, we identified participants who enrolled and had a 6-month post-ART initiation viral load measured before the beginning of the first COVID-19 lockdown (Period 1), participants whose enrollment and 6-month viral load measurement straddled pre-COVID and COVID lockdown times (Period 2), and participants whose enrollment and 6-month viral load were quantified entirely during COVID-19 (Period 3).

Psychological outcomes of extended reality interventions in spinal cord injury rehabilitation: a systematic scoping review.

Study Design: Systematic scoping review.

Objectives: Extended reality (XR) is becoming a recognisable tool for assisting in spinal cord injury (SCI) rehabilitation. While the success of XR mediated interventions is often evaluated based on improvements in physical and functional performance, the present systematic scoping review aimed to identify and synthesize evidence on reported psychological outcomes of XR interventions in SCI rehabilitation.

The added value of anosmic subtype on motor subtype in Parkinson's disease: a pilot study.

This study investigates whether incorporating olfactory dysfunction into motor subtypes of Parkinson's disease (PD) improves associations with clinical outcomes. PD is commonly divided into motor subtypes, such as postural instability and gait disturbance (PIGD) and tremor-dominant PD (TDPD), but non-motor symptoms like olfactory dysfunction remain underexplored. We assessed 157 participants with PD using the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT), Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (M-UPDRS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), 39-item Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire Summary Index (PDQ-39 SI), and 99mTc-TRODAT-1 imaging.

Multivariate patterns among multimodal neuroimaging and clinical, cognitive, and daily functioning characteristics in bipolar disorder.

Individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) show heterogeneity in clinical, cognitive, and daily functioning characteristics, which challenges accurate diagnostics and optimal treatment. A key goal is to identify brain-based biomarkers that inform patient stratification and serve as treatment targets. The objective of the present study was to apply a data-driven, multivariate approach to quantify the relationship between multimodal imaging features and behavioral phenotypes in BD.

Re-encountering the phobic cue within days after a reconsolidation intervention is crucial to observe a lasting fear reduction in spider phobia.

Memory reconsolidation interventions offer an exciting alternative to exposure treatment because they may target fear memories directly, thereby preventing relapse. A previous reconsolidation intervention for spider fear abruptly reduced avoidance behaviour, whereas changes in self-reported fear followed later. In this pre-registered placebo-controlled study, we first aimed to conceptually replicate these effects in spider phobia.

A Trauma-Focused Screening Approach for Teen Dating Violence Prevention.

Developing accurate and equitable screening protocols can lead to more targeted, efficient, and effective, teen dating violence (TDV) prevention programming. Current TDV screening protocols perform poorly and are rarely implemented, but recent research and policy emphasizes the importance of leveraging more trauma-focused screening measures for improved prevention outcomes. In response, the present study examined which adversities (i.

Statistical learning of spatiotemporal target regularities in the absence of saliency.

In previous studies, it was established that individuals can implicitly learn spatiotemporal regularities related to how the distribution of target locations unfolds across the time course of a single trial. However, these regularities were tied to the appearance of salient targets that are known to capture attention in a bottom-up way. The current study investigated whether the saliency of target is necessary for this type of learning to occur.

Product, not process: Metacognitive monitoring of visual performance during sustained attention.

The performance of the human visual system exhibits moment-to-moment fluctuations influenced by multiple neurocognitive factors. To deal with this instability of the visual system, introspective awareness of current visual performance (metacognitive monitoring) may be crucial. In this study, we investigate whether and how people can monitor their own visual performance during sustained attention by adopting confidence judgments as indicators of metacognitive monitoring - assuming that if participants can monitor visual performance, confidence judgments will accurately track performance fluctuations.

The concomitant anxiety and depression in patients with epilepsy caused by low-grade brain tumors.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the concomitant psychiatric disorders of anxiety and depression in patients with epilepsy caused by low-grade brain tumors (LBTs). We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of patients who underwent preoperative neuropsychological evaluations of anxiety and depression and subsequent epilepsy surgery for LBTs. The univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to analyze the risk factors of the occurrence of anxiety and depression.

Gestational stress disrupts dopamine and oxytocin signaling in the postpartum reward system of rats: implications for mood, motivation and mothering.

Postpartum depression (PPD) affects up to 20% of new mothers and has adverse consequences for the well-being of both mother and child. Exposure to stress during pregnancy as well as dysregulation in the mesolimbic dopamine (DA) reward system and its upstream modulator oxytocin (OT) have been independently linked to PPD. However, no studies have directly examined DA or OT signaling in the postpartum brain after gestational stress.

The level of cognitive functioning in school-aged children is predicted by resting EEG Directed Phase Lag Index.

Quantifying cognitive potential relies on psychometric measures that do not directly reflect cortical activity. While the relationship between cognitive ability and resting state EEG signal dynamics has been extensively studied in children with below-average cognitive performances, there remains a paucity of research focusing on individuals with normal to above-average cognitive functioning. This study aimed to elucidate the resting EEG dynamics in children aged four to 12 years across normal to above-average cognitive potential.

Homoarginine concentrations correlate with early depressive symptoms and the reduction in physical functioning within the first days after myocardial infarction.

Early depressive symptoms within the first days after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are mainly manifested with performance parameters (lack of energy, concentration difficulties, reduction in physical functioning). Homoarginine (hArg), a non-proteinogenic amino acid, might increase the availability of nitric oxide (NO). NO controls vasodilatation, blood flow, mitochondrial respiration and improves performance.

Determinants of physical activity among female students based on the transtheoretical model.

This study investigates factors influencing physical activity based on the Transtheoretical model (TTM) among adolescents. This study was conducted on 745 individuals between the ages of 12 and 16 years and was analyzed using a generalized linear model (GLM) approach with appropriate link functions using both classical and Bayesian frameworks. The results show that in model 1, the probit link function is a more appropriate approach to determine the risk factors for physical activity.