Unmasking the Dark Triad: A Data Fusion Machine Learning Approach to Characterize the Neural Bases of Narcissistic, Machiavellian and Psychopathic Traits.

The Dark Triad (DT), encompassing narcissism, Machiavellianism and psychopathy traits, poses significant societal challenges. Understanding the neural underpinnings of these traits is crucial for developing effective interventions and preventive strategies. Our study aimed to unveil the neural substrates of the DT by examining brain scans from 201 individuals (mean age: 32.

Coping is a moderator of relationships between cognitive fatigue and cognitive variability in multiple sclerosis.

Objective: Mean levels of cognitive functioning typically do not show an association with self-reported cognitive fatigue in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), but some studies indicate that has an association with cognitive fatigue. Additionally, coping has been shown to be a powerful moderator of some outcomes in multiple sclerosis (MS). To date, however, coping has not been considered as a possible moderator of the relationship between cognitive fatigue and cognitive in MS.

Life expectancy and years of life lost for adults with diagnosed ADHD in the UK: matched cohort study.

Background: Nearly 3% of adults have attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), although in the UK, most are undiagnosed. Adults with ADHD on average experience poorer educational and employment outcomes, worse physical and mental health and are more likely to die prematurely. No studies have yet used mortality data to examine the life expectancy deficit experienced by adults with diagnosed ADHD in the UK or worldwide.

Effectiveness of Combined Physical and Psychological Interventions on Anxiety and Depression Symptoms in Adult Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: a Systematic Review Protocol.

Objective: The objective of this review is to evaluate the effectiveness of combined physical and psychological interventions on anxiety and depression symptoms in adult patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Introduction: By 2030, COPD is expected to be the third-leading cause of death and the seventh in terms of overall health impact, measured in disability-adjusted life years. As with other comorbidities, anxiety and depression disorders influence the prognosis.

Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, and Barriers of Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Among Healthcare Professionals in Timor-Leste: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

The Timor-Leste Pharmacovigilance (PV) became an associate member of the WHO Programme for International Drug Monitoring in 2019; however, the adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting rate remains low, with only nine reports per 1342 million inhabitants over 5 years. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, practice, and barriers related to ADRs, pharmacovigilance, and ADR reporting among healthcare professionals (HCPs) in Timor-Leste. A cross-sectional survey with a validated, self-administered questionnaire was conducted among 600 HCPs, including clinical doctors, nurses, and pharmacy employees from one national referral and five referral hospitals.

Whole Brain MRI Assessment of Age and Sex-Related R2* Changes in the Human Fetal Brain.

Iron in the brain is essential to neurodevelopmental processes, as it supports neural functions, including processes of oxygen delivery, electron transport, and enzymatic activity. However, the development of brain iron before birth is scarcely understood. By estimating R2* (1/T2*) relaxometry from a sizable sample of fetal multiecho echo-planar imaging (EPI) scans, which is the standard sequence for functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), across gestation, this study investigates age and sex-related changes in iron, across regions and tissue segments.

Modulation of in vitro Network Activity by Optogenetic Stimulation of Parvalbumin-positive Interneurons During Estrous Cycle.

Background: Catamenial epilepsy, which is defined as a periodicity of seizure exacerbation occurring during the menstrual cycle, has been reported in up to 70% of epileptic women. These seizures are often non-responsive to medication and our understanding of the relation between menstrual cycle and seizure generation (i.e.

Police Contact, Sleep, and Mental Health in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study.

Using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study (n = 3928), we examined how police contact relates to sleep problems, anxiety, and depressive symptoms during middle adolescence (M age = 14.09; SD = 0.68).

Limited evidence of association between dysregulated immune marker levels and telomere length in severe mental disorders.

Objective: Accelerated ageing indexed by telomere attrition is suggested in schizophrenia spectrum- (SCZ) and bipolar disorders (BD). While inflammation may promote telomere shortening, few studies have investigated the association between telomere length (TL) and markers of immune activation and inflammation in severe mental disorders.

Methods: Leucocyte TL defined as telomere template/amount of single-copy gene template (T/S ratio), was determined in participants with SCZ ( = 301) or BD ( = 211) and a healthy control group (HC, = 378).

EXPRESS: Sequential dependencies in recognition memory are decision based.

Decision perseveration is consistently observed in recognition tests, such that judgments tend to repeat (e.g., "old" responses tend to follow "old" responses) across trials.

School principals' proposals for preventive actions to improve mental health.

Background: School principals face a demanding work situation that puts them at risk for stress-related poor mental health. Ideally, preventive actions should be based on knowledge about the underlying notions that motivate action. However, knowledge about prevention areas and suitable initiatives for school principals is scarce or lacking, leaving key stakeholders without the overview necessary for effectively engaging in preventive actions.

A single-site randomized controlled trial of partner navigation to HCV treatment for people who inject drugs: a study protocol for the You're Empowered for Treatment Initiation (YETI) partner trial.

Background: Disparities persist in testing and treatment for hepatitis C virus (HCV), leaving socially marginalized populations, including people who inject drugs (PWID), less likely to benefit from curative treatment. Linkage services are often insufficient to overcome barriers to navigating the medical system and contextual factors.

Methods: The You're Empowered for Treatment Initiation (YETI) Partner trial is a single-site randomized controlled trial evaluating the efficacy of a two-session behavioral intervention that engages injecting partners as peer navigators for HCV treatment.

Fear of childbirth and psychiatric disorders decrease the likelihood of subsequent births: a retrospective register-based cohort study.

Background: Mirroring other developed countries globally, the birth rate has decreased in Finland in recent years. The effects of a fear of childbirth (FOC) and psychiatric disorders on the likelihood of having more than one child remain relatively unstudied. This study aims to assess the influence of FOC, psychiatric disorders, and the mode of first delivery on the likelihood of the second birth among primiparous women.

COVID-19 on patients with immune-mediated rheumatic disease: a comparative study of disease activity, fatigue, and psychological distress over six months.

Objectives: To compare the impact of COVID-19 on the clinical status and psychological distress of patients with immune-mediated rheumatic disease (IMRD) caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection with that of noninfected IMRD controls during a 6-month follow-up period.

Methods: The ReumaCoV Brazil is a longitudinal study designed to follow IMRD patients for 6 months after COVID-19 (patients) compared with IMRD patients without COVID-19 (controls). Clinical data, disease activity measurements and current treatments regarding IMRD and COVID-19 outcomes were evaluated in all patients.

Associations of maternal night shift work during pregnancy with DNA methylation in offspring: a meta-analysis in the PACE consortium.

Background: Night shift work during pregnancy has been associated with differential DNA methylation in placental tissue, but no studies have explored this association in cord blood. We aimed to examine associations of maternal night shift work with cord blood DNA methylation.

Methods: A total of 4487 mother-newborn pairs from 7 studies were included.

Process evaluation of a cross-sectoral, coordinated follow-up care of stroke patients: a qualitative study.

Background: Implementation of interventions to improve follow-up stroke care is complex due to the involvement of various stakeholders and challenges of health care coordination. The aim of this study was to evaluate the process of implementing a cross-sectoral, coordinated follow-up care for stroke patients (the StroCare intervention).

Methods: As part of a multicenter interventional trial, this qualitative study was performed in a pre-post design with semi-structured interviews conducted with patients and health care employees.

South to south collaboration: advancing quality of abortion care through health care professionals exchange program.

Background: South-South Cooperation (SSC) is recognized as a vital component of goal 17 - 'Partnerships for the goals' within the SDGs and countries in the global south has been utilizing this cooperation mainly in research. We report the first health care professional exchange program through this south-to-south collaboration focusing on advancing quality of abortion care in the Sub-Saharan region.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive mixed method study, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative approaches, to assess the impact of health care professionals' exchange program within the obstetrics and gynecology departments of two teaching institutions in Ethiopia and Rwanda over the course of a year (February 1, 2023-January 31,2024).

Original Research: Nurses' Perceptions of the Role of Nursing Organizations in Promoting Engagement with the Sustainable Development Goals: A Global Study.

Background: RNs are integral to achieving the United Nations' 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Professional nursing organizations can play a significant role in educating and preparing nurses to work more effectively toward achieving the SDGs. While there is much literature that speaks to the importance of nurses engaging in these goals, there is a lack of research that has explored nurses' perceptions of the role of professional nursing organizations in promoting SDG-related knowledge and engagement.

Harmony in healthcare: recommended infant feeding practices and associated factors among HIV positive mothers in Eastern Ethiopian hospitals.

Background: For mothers identified as HIV-infected, recommended infant feeding practices must prioritize the highest likelihood of ensuring HIV-free survival for their children while preserving maternal health. Consequently, understanding the feeding status during critical infancy stages, especially under the risk of HIV, plays a crucial role in enhancing the quality of life within this specific population segment. Hence, this study was conducted to assess the magnitude and associated factors of recommended infant feeding practices and its associated factors among HIV-positive mothers in Eastern Ethiopian Hospitals.

Comparing the efficacy of live vs. video instructional demonstrations in dental education: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to investigate the effects of live and video demonstrations of various dental procedures on undergraduate students' performance and satisfaction scores.

Materials And Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases, including MEDLINE (OVID), PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, supplemented by a manual search of bibliographic references from retrieved articles. The aim was to identify relevant randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental trials that compared live demonstrations to video demonstrations in dental education, specifically focusing on undergraduate students' performance and satisfaction scores assessed using practical assessment rubrics and satisfaction questionnaires.

Within-session propulsion asymmetry changes have a limited effect on gait asymmetry post-stroke.

Background: Biomechanical gait impairments, such as reduced paretic propulsion, are common post-stroke. Studies have used biofeedback to increase paretic propulsion and reduce propulsion asymmetry, but it is unclear if these changes impact overall gait asymmetry. There is an implicit assumption that reducing propulsion asymmetry will improve overall gait symmetry, as paretic propulsion has been related to numerous biomechanical impairments.

A pre- and post-course survey of an elective Chinese medicine curriculum among junior Western medical students in Taiwan.

Background: Demonstrating a positive impact of educational programs on clinical care outcomes is challenging. We assess students' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors as short-term outcomes of integrating a structured Traditional Chinese Medicine course within a Western medical school.

Methods: A prospective questionnaire survey was conducted among first-year and second-year undergraduate medical students who participated in the "Introduction to Chinese Medicine" course in 2020.

Internalizing and externalizing symptoms in individuals with neurofibromatosis type 1: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Individuals with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) frequently report psychosocial problems, among which internalizing and externalizing symptoms are the most poorly understood due to limited research and inconsistent evidence. This hinders the overall attendance of their psychosocial needs and has a major impact on their quality of life. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to synthesize existing findings on the degree to which individuals with NF1 experience internalizing and externalizing symptoms, compared with the unaffected population, and explore moderators of the group disparities.

Nursing staff and supervisors perceptions on stress and resilience: a qualitative study.

Background: Supervisor-subordinate relationship is high relevant in dealing with work-related stress and providing a compassionate, high-quality, and safe nursing care while meeting the needs of the hospital. Our aim was to assess the predisposing risk and resilience factors of the stress of nursing staff as well as to explore the common and distinctive perceptions of these factors between nurses without a managerial position (nursing staff) and employees in a supervising position (nurse managers, ward nurses).

Design: Generic qualitative study using half-standardized interviews.