Secondary corrections of the vulva in male-to-female transsexuals.

From December of 1980 to May of 1998, 390 male-to-female transsexuals underwent vaginoplasty by inversion of the penile skin and a triangular perineoscrotal flap. Although minor modifications were made throughout the years, the basic surgical technique remained the same over this 17.5-year period.

Formulation of trichloroacetic acid peeling solution: a bibliometric analysis.

Since the beginning of this century, trichloroacetic acid solutions of various concentrations have been used for chemical exfoliation. These solutions have been prepared by using four different formulas. To prepare a 50% solution, for instance, water may be added to 50 g of trichloroacetic acid crystals until 100 ml of solution is obtained (weight-to-volume solution).

Reliability of the proximal skin paddle of the osteocutaneous free fibula flap: a prospective clinical study.

The vascularization of the skin paddle of 20 osteocutaneous fibula free flaps in 20 patients was studied. All skin paddles were designed over the proximal and middle third of the fibula. A parallel vascularization of the skin was found in 10 cases.

Imaging signs and radiologists' jargon of ruptured breast implants.

Silicone gel leakage problems are central to the furor over the complications alleged to be caused by breast implants. Because clinical examination may not reveal confirmatory signs of gel bleed or rupture, radiologists are often requested by plastic surgeons to evaluate the integrity of the implant's envelope. The findings of the various imaging investigations are reported in terms such as "teardrop," "linguini," and "snowstorm.

Abdominoplastic secondary full-thickness skin graft vaginoplasty for male-to-female transsexuals.

When inversion of combined penile and scrotal skin flaps for vaginoplasty in male-to-female transsexuals has become impossible or has not led to functional results, alternative vaginoplasty techniques should be considered. Colocolpopoiesis involves major surgery and often leads to disappointing long-term results. An Abbé-McIndoe vaginoplasty applying split-thickness skin grafts often does not provide favorable results in the scarred area encountered after complications of skin flap inversion surgery.

Neovaginoplasty in male transsexuals: review of surgical techniques and recommendations regarding eligibility.

The surgical aim of genital reassignment surgery in male-to-female transsexuals is to create a perineogenital complex as feminine in appearance and function as possible. In this paper, we present a review of the various methods to line the neovagina in male-to-female transsexuals. These methods may be classified in five categories involving, respectively, application of nongenital skin grafts, penile skin grafts, penile skin flaps, nongenital skin flaps, and pedicled intestinal transplants.