Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4) as an Emerging Target for Immunotherapy to Treat Melanoma.

Immunotherapies, including checkpoint inhibitor antibodies, have precipitated significant improvements in clinical outcomes for melanoma. However, approximately half of patients do not benefit from approved treatments. Additionally, apart from Tebentafusp, which is approved for the treatment of uveal melanoma, there is a lack of immunotherapies directly focused on melanoma cells.

Sculpting the future: A narrative review of 3D printing in plastic surgery and prosthetic devices.

Background And Aims: The advent of 3D printing has revolutionized plastic surgery and prosthetic devices, providing personalized solutions for patients with traumatic injuries, deformities, and appearance-related conditions. This review offers a comprehensive overview of 3D printing's applications, advantages, limitations, and future prospects in these fields.

Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus for studies on 3D printing in plastic surgery.

The Asymmetry Within: A Renewed Look at Cupids Bow in Unilateral Cleft Lip.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the angular variations within Cupid's bow in patients with unoperated unilateral cleft lip (UCL). Angular features of Cupid's bow were quantified in standardized presurgical photographs of children with UCL by 5 medical professionals specializing in craniofacial anomalies. The peaks and valley of Cupid's bow were identified.

Plastic Surgery Teaching to United Kingdom Undergraduate Medical Students: A Systematic Review.

 There are varying reports about United Kingdom medical students' exposure and teaching methods regarding plastic and reconstructive surgery. To date, no systematic review has been done looking at this topic.  Three databases (PubMed, Embase, and Medline) were searched from January 1, 2011 to July 20, 2023 for studies that assessed United Kingdom medical students' exposure to plastic surgery and suggested recommendations to improve teaching.

PDS Plate Versus Bone Graft in Orbital Floor Reconstruction: A Prospective Study to Identify the Better Alternative.

The objective of this study is to compare the effect and outcome of orbital floor reconstruction with bone graft and PDS plate. A prospective cohort study was conducted at B J Medical College, Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad from 1st September 2013 to 28th February 2016 by the Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery on patients (N = 35) who reported with orbital floor fracture. Diplopia, enophthalmos, infection rate, hospital stay, and donor site complications were considered.

Propeller Flaps.

A propeller flap is an islanded flap that reaches the recipient site through an axial rotation around its vascular axis. The degree of rotation varies from 90 degrees to 180 degrees. It is a highly reliable local reconstructive option.

Management of Posttraumatic Posterior Elbow Defects by Nonmicrosurgical Reconstruction.

 Reconstruction of posterior defects is challenging due to the quality and uniqueness of the excess skin at the elbow that is durable, thick, pliable, and without much subcutaneous tissue. The goal of reconstruction is to cover the elbow defects with a durable skin cover that will facilitate full passive range of motion. In this era of microsurgery, free tissue transfer is feasible for almost any defect.

The Impact of Psychiatric Diagnoses on Patient-reported Satisfaction and Quality of Life in Postmastectomy Breast Reconstruction.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of psychiatric diagnoses among a sample of breast reconstruction patients and measure the association between these diagnoses and reconstruction-related, patient-reported outcomes.

Background: The impact of psychiatric disorders in conjunction with breast cancer diagnosis, treatment, and reconstruction have the potential to cause significant patient distress but remains not well understood.

Methods: A retrospective review of postmastectomy breast reconstruction patients from 2007 to 2018 at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center was conducted.

International Residents' Perspectives on Education and Challenges in Microsurgery Training.

 Microsurgery remains an integral component of the surgical skillset and is essential for a diversity of reconstructive procedures. The apprenticeship also requires overcoming a steep learning curve, among many challenges. The method of microsurgical training differs depending on the countries' regions and resources of their health care system.

Engineered neuronal microtissue provides exogenous axons for delayed nerve fusion and rapid neuromuscular recovery in rats.

Nerve injury requiring surgical repair often results in poor functional recovery due to the inability of host axons to re-grow long distances and reform meaningful connections with the target muscle. While surgeons can re-route local axon fascicles to the target muscle, there are no technologies to provide an exogenous source of axons without sacrificing healthy nerves. Accordingly, we have developed tissue engineered neuromuscular interfaces (TE-NMIs) as the first injectable microtissue containing motor and sensory neurons in an anatomically-inspired architecture.

Nuances of Arteriovenous Fistula Creation for Vascular Access in Hemodialysis.

With rising incidence and increased life expectancy of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD), the number of patients requiring hemodialysis has increased substantially. Vascular access is the lifeline for a patient on hemodialysis (HD), and an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the undisputed gold standard for HD access. An effective and long-lasting fistula serves to increase the life expectancy of ESRD patients and improves their quality of life.

Post-CABG Deep Sternal Wound Infection: A Retrospective Comparative Analysis of Early versus Late Referral to a Plastic Surgery Unit in a Tertiary Care Center.

 Deep sternal wound infections (DSWI) following median sternotomy are initially treated by the cardiothoracic surgeons and are referred to a plastic surgical unit late in the course of time.  This is a retrospective review done in a tertiary care teaching institute from January 2005 to June 2018 and the data of 72 patients who had DSWI out of 4,214 patients who underwent median sternotomy for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) was collected with respect to the duration between CABG and presentation of DSWI as well as time of referral to a plastic surgery unit. We defined early referral as < or equal to 15 days from presentation and late referral as > 15 days.

Burnout among Plastic Surgery Residents in India: An Observational Study.

 Burnout syndrome can be defined as emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and perceived lack of personal accomplishment, all of which lead to decreased effectiveness at work. The Medscape burnout and depression report of 2018 suggests that the burnout range across various specialties ranges from 23 to 48%. There are no studies to assess the burnout among plastic surgery residents in India.

Multidisciplinary Application of an External Tissue Expander Device to Improve Patient Outcomes: A Critical Review.

Continuous external tissue expansion (CETE) is a versatile tool in soft tissue injury management, and could be an addition to the traditional reconstructive ladder. This critical review discusses the principles and application of CETE, covering a company-sponsored consensus meeting on this emerging technology and highlighting the DermaClose (Synovis Micro Companies Alliance, Inc., Birmingham, AL) device's unique approach to soft tissue injury management.

Flaps Based on Palmar Vessels.

The glabrous skin of the palm provides the best color and texture match for reconstruction of palmar aspect of fingers following the principle of reconstructing like with like. Few local axial and perforator flaps have been described of the palm for reconstruction of finger defects. This article reviews the various local flaps based on palmar vessels for digital reconstruction and shares the authors' experiences with similar flaps.

Marking of temporal point and lower border of temporal triangle in planning hair transplantation for male-pattern baldness.

Introduction: Temporal recession in male-pattern baldness is common. The method of marking of temporal point practiced worldwide, described by Walter P. Unger, does not help in marking temporal triangle border in Indian population.

Advocacy and mass education in plastic surgery: Efforts and outcomes.

Background: Awareness of plastic surgery is lacking. Be it reconstructive surgery, or aesthetic surgery, public education and awareness regarding the spectrum is the need of the hour.

Materials And Methods: We undertook a string of activities for patient awareness and education for burn prevention, occupational hand injuries prevention, skin banking awareness and various other conditions relevant to us as plastic surgeons.

Limb salvage with microvascular free fibula following primary bone sarcoma resection.

Background: Extremity sarcomas are challenging to manage. Total eradication of tumour has to be balanced with restoration of limb function to prevent mortality and morbidity. Disease-free survival with maximum limb function is the ultimate goal in these patients.

Study of kite string injuries in Western India.

A prospective analysis of 104 patients (outdoor and indoor) with manja (powdered glass coated kite string) injury from January 2011 to January 2015 was carried out at Civil Hospital Ahmedabad. All patients were analysed for mode and severity of injury, site of injury, associated injuries, activity being performed when injury occurred, the clinical diagnosis and treatment required. Analysis of collected data revealed that majority of the injuries occurred while driving or in pedestrians with the neck being the most commonly affected body part.

Medial Soft-Tissue Realignment Versus Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction for Recurrent Patellar Dislocation: Systematic Review.

Purpose: To compare the clinical outcomes between medial soft-tissue surgery and medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction for recurrent patellar dislocation without any evident predisposing factors.

Methods: A literature search was performed on the established medical databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane register. The inclusion criteria were as follows: English-language papers for recurrent patellar dislocation without any evident predisposing factors, clinical trial(s) with clear description of surgical technique, adult subjects, medial soft-tissue surgery or MPFL reconstruction without combined surgery, and a follow-up longer than 2 years.