Proto-Oncogene Mutational Analysis in 45 Iranian Patients Affected with Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: Report of a New Variant.

Background: The aim of this study was to identify germline mutation of the (rearranged during transfection) gene in patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) and their first-degree relatives to find presymptomatic carriers for possible prophylactic thyroidectomy. . We examined all six hot spot exons (exons 10, 11, 13, and 14-16) of the gene by PCR and bidirectional Sanger sequencing in 45 Iranian patients with MTC (either sporadic or familial form) from 7 unrelated kindred and 38 apparently sporadic cases.

In situ gel implant for postsurgical wound management and extended chemoimmunotherapy against breast cancer recurrence.

Postsurgical recurrence of breast cancer is closely related to the inflammatory tumor microenvironment evoked by surgical wounds. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling contributes to NF-κB activation thus secreting various inflammatory cytokines. Herein, we developed an in situ photo-crosslinked hydrogel (D/T gel) concurrently loaded with doxorubicin (DOX) and a TLR4 antagonist, resatorvid (TAK-242).

Emerging iongel materials towards applications in energy and bioelectronics.

In the past two decades, ionic liquids (ILs) have blossomed as versatile task-specific materials with a unique combination of properties, which can be beneficial for a plethora of different applications. The additional need of incorporating ILs into solid devices led to the development of a new class of ionic soft-solid materials, named here iongels. Nowadays, iongels cover a wide range of materials mostly composed of an IL component immobilized within different matrices such as polymers, inorganic networks, biopolymers or inorganic nanoparticles.

Descemet's membrane injury and regeneration, and posterior corneal fibrosis, in rabbits.

The purpose of this investigation was to study Descemet's membrane and corneal endothelial regeneration, myofibroblast generation and disappearance, and TGF beta-1 localization after Descemet's membrane-endothelial excision (Descemetorhexis) in rabbits. Thirty-six rabbits had 8 mm Descemetorhexis and standardized slit lamp photos at 1, 2 and 4 days, 1, 2 and 4 weeks, and 2, 4 and 6 months, as well as multiplex IHC for stromal cell markers keratocan, vimentin, and alpha-smooth muscle actin (SMA); basement membrane (BM) components perlecan, nidogen-1, laminin alpha-5, and collagen type IV; and corneal endothelial marker Na,K-ATPase β1, and TGF beta-1, with ImageJ quantitation. Stromal transparency increased from the periphery beginning at two months after injury and progressed into the central cornea by six months.

Bio-inspired green light crosslinked alginate-heparin hydrogels support HUVEC tube formation.

Alginate is a polysaccharide which forms hydrogels via ionic and/or covalent crosslinking. The goal was to develop a material with suitable, physiologically relevant mechanical properties and biological impact for use in wound treatment. To determine if the novel material can initiate tube formation on its own, without the dependance on the addition of growth factors, heparin and/or arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid (RGD) was covalently conjugated onto the alginate backbone.

Optogenetic Stimulation of Primary Cardiomyocytes Expressing ChR2.

Non-clinical cardiovascular drug safety assessment is the main step in the progress of new pharmaceutical products. Cardiac drug safety testing focuses on a delayed rectifier potassium channel block and QT interval prolongation, whereas optogenetics is a powerful technology for modulating the electrophysiological properties of excitable cells. For this purpose, the blue light-gated ion channel, channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2), has been introduced into isolated primary neonatal cardiomyocytes via a lentiviral vector.

Limbal-conjunctival autograft healing process-early postoperative OCT angiography study.

Purpose: To assess the normal healing process of limbal-conjunctival autograft (LCA) after pterygium removal during the early postoperative period using anterior segment optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: Prospective case series of seven patients undergoing pterygium removal with LCA transplantation procedure, imaged with anterior segment OCTA, and anterior segment colour photos prior to the procedure and on postoperative day (POD) 1, 3, 7 and 30. Revascularization of the graft was analysed quantitatively and qualitatively to estimate patterns of blood vessel growth.

Energy-based devices for the treatment of Acne Scars: 2022 International consensus recommendations.

Background And Objectives: Acne scars are one of the most distressing and long-term consequences of acne vulgaris, with damaging effect on a person's physical, mental, and social well-being. Numerous treatment options are available including surgical and nonsurgical techniques, depending on the clinical presentation. Although considerable advances in the development of new treatment technologies and applications have been made in the last decade, international treatment guidelines and reimbursement schemes have not yet caught up with current knowledge and practice in many centers.

Segmentation of Laser Marks of Diabetic Retinopathy in the Fundus Photographs Using Lightweight U-Net.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a prevalent vision-threatening disease worldwide. Laser marks are the scars left after panretinal photocoagulation, a treatment to prevent patients with severe DR from losing vision. In this study, we develop a deep learning algorithm based on the lightweight U-Net to segment laser marks from the color fundus photos, which could help indicate a stage or providing valuable auxiliary information for the care of DR patients.

Orchestrating Nitric Oxide and Carbon Monoxide Signaling Molecules for Synergistic Treatment of MRSA Infections.

The local delivery of gaseous signaling molecules (GSMs) has shown promising therapeutic potential. However, although GSMs have a subtle interplay in physiological and pathological conditions, the co-delivery of different GSMs for therapeutic purposes remains unexplored. Herein, we covalently graft a nitric oxide (NO)-releasing N-nitrosamine moiety onto the carbon monoxide (CO)-releasing 3-hydroxyflavone (3-HF) antenna, resulting in the first NO/CO-releasing donor.

Our Clinical Algorithmic Approach for Meningomyelocele Defects Reconstruction with Fasciocutaneous Flaps.

Aim: To evaluate fasciocutaneous flaps used for reconstruction of meningomyelocele defects in our clinic and to suggest an algorithm for flap selection.

Material And Methods: A retrospective analysis of 45 patients with meningomyelocele, who underwent repair with fasciocutaneous flaps, was carried out. Preoperative and postoperative photos were analyzed.

Oxidized carbon black nanoparticles induce endothelial damage through C-X-C chemokine receptor 3-mediated pathway.

Oxidation of engineered nanomaterials during application in various industrial sectors can alter their toxicity. Oxidized nanomaterials also have widespread industrial and biomedical applications. In this study, we evaluated the cardiopulmonary hazard posed by these nanomaterials using oxidized carbon black (CB) nanoparticles (CB) as a model particle.

Promoting Oral Mucosal Wound Healing with a Hydrogel Adhesive Based on a Phototriggered S-Nitrosylation Coupling Reaction.

The wet and highly dynamic environment of the mouth makes local treatment of oral mucosal diseases challenging. To overcome this, a photo-crosslinking hydrogel adhesive is developed inspired by the success of light-curing techniques in dentistry. The adhesive operates on a fast (within 5 s) phototriggered S-nitrosylation coupling reaction and employs imine anchoring to connect to host tissues.

Comparative study of an antimicrobial peptide and a neuropeptide conjugated with gold nanorods for the targeted photothermal killing of bacteria.

There are certain disadvantages in treating bacterial infections through conventional methods. For this reason, the current study does focus on combating bacterial wound infections by photothermal therapy assisted by gold nanorod-peptide conjugates (GNR-peptide conjugates). Two peptides, the cationic antimicrobial peptide LL-37 and neuropeptide ANGIOPEP-2 both with specificity for targeted bacterial binding, were conjugated with GNR surface through electrostatic interactions.

Photo-Crosslinked Gelatin-Based Hydrogel Films to Support Wound Healing.

Gelatin is used widely in the biomedical field, among other for wound healing. Given its upper critical solution temperature, crosslinking is required. To this end, gelatin is chemically modified with different photo-crosslinkable moieties with low (32-34%) and high (63-65%) degree of substitution (DS): gelatin-methacrylamide (gel-MA) and gelatin-acrylamide (gel-AA) and gelatin-pentenamide (gel-PE).

Mussel-inspired adhesive antioxidant antibacterial hemostatic composite hydrogel wound dressing via photo-polymerization for infected skin wound healing.

With the increasing prevalence of drug-resistant bacterial infections and the slow healing of chronically infected wounds, the development of new antibacterial and accelerated wound healing dressings has become a serious challenge. In order to solve this problem, we developed photo-crosslinked multifunctional antibacterial adhesive anti-oxidant hemostatic hydrogel dressings based on polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether modified glycidyl methacrylate functionalized chitosan (CSG-PEG), methacrylamide dopamine (DMA) and zinc ion for disinfection of drug-resistant bacteria and promoting wound healing. The mechanical properties, rheological properties and morphology of hydrogels were characterized, and the biocompatibility of these hydrogels was studied through cell compatibility and blood compatibility tests.

The related miRNAs involved in doxorubicin resistance or sensitivity of various cancers: an update.

Doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective chemotherapy agent against a wide variety of tumors. However, intrinsic or acquired resistance diminishes the sensitivity of cancer cells to DOX, which leads to a cancer relapse and treatment failure. Resolutions to this challenge includes identification of the molecular pathways underlying DOX sensitivity/resistance and the development of innovative techniques to boost DOX sensitivity.

CML derived exosomes promote tumor favorable functional performance in T cells.

Background: Leukemic cells facilitate the creation of the tumor-favorable microenvironment in the bone marrow niche using their secreted factors. There are not comprehensive details about immunosuppressive properties of chronic myelogenous leukemia-derived exosomes in the bone marrow stromal and immune compartment. We explained here that K562-derived exosomes could affect the gene expression, cytokine secretion, nitric oxide (NO) production, and redox potential of human primary cord blood-derived T cells (CB T cells).

Electrode-Induced Self-Healed Monolayer MoS for High Performance Transistors and Phototransistors.

Contact engineering for monolayered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) is considered to be of fundamental challenge for realizing high-performance TMDCs-based (opto) electronic devices. Here, an innovative concept is established for a device configuration with metallic copper monosulfide (CuS) electrodes that induces sulfur vacancy healing in the monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS ) channel. Excess sulfur adatoms from the metallic CuS electrodes are donated to heal sulfur vacancy defects in MoS that surprisingly improve the overall performance of its devices.

Establishment of a Robust and Simple Corneal Organ Culture Model to Monitor Wound Healing.

The use of in vitro systems to investigate the process of corneal wound healing offers the opportunity to reduce animal pain inflicted during in vivo experimentation. This study aimed to establish an easy-to-handle ex vivo organ culture model with porcine corneas for the evaluation and modulation of epithelial wound healing. Cultured free-floating cornea disks with a punch defect were observed by stereomicroscopic photo documentation.

Kirenol: A promising bioactive metabolite from siegesbeckia species: A detailed review.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Kirenol (Kr) is an ent-pimarane type diterpenoid that has been reported from Siegesbeckiaorientalis, S. pubescens, and S. glabrescens (family Asteraceae).

A multi-centre, single-blinded randomised controlled clinical trial evaluating the effect of resorbable glass fibre matrix in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers.

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are at risk for detrimental complications even with current, standard of care (SOC) treatments. The primary objective of this randomised controlled trial was to compare a unique resorbable glass microfiber matrix (Mirragen; Advanced Wound Matrix [BBGFM]; ETS Wound Care, Rolla, Missouri) compared with a standard of care group (SOC, collagen alginate dressing) at 12 weeks. Both groups received standard diabetic foot care including glucose monitoring, weekly debridements when needed and an offloading device.

Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalysis-Enhanced Nanozyme of TiO Nanotubes@MoS Nanoflowers for Efficient Wound Healing Infected with Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria.

To enhance the catalytic activity of the nanozymes for efficient wound healing infected with multidrug-resistant bacteria, photo-based motivations have been suggested, but attention is mainly focused on the external stimulus of near-infrared light, while the inexhaustible visible one is promising but lack of study. Herein, an efficient visible light-stimulated peroxidase-like nanozyme system, TiO nanotubes coated with MoS nanoflowers (TiO NTs@MoS ), is discovered for efficient bacterial treatment. Based on the synergetic effects between the two components, the bandgap of the TiO NTs can be narrowed from 3.

Treatment of facial and non-facial lentigines with a 730 nm picosecond titanium: Sapphire laser is safe and effective.

Objective: A 730 nm picosecond-domain laser was developed to improve the clearance of pigmented lesion and reduce adverse events. This study assessed the safety and efficacy of this system for the clearance of lentigines and explores how the short picosecond pulses interact with tissue via histology.

Study Design And Methods: Twenty subjects with Fitzpatrick skin types II-IV were enrolled in this prospective, IRB-approved study.

The state of the art of biomedical applications of optogenetics.

Background And Objective: Optogenetics has opened new insights into biomedical research with the ability to manipulate and control cellular activity using light in combination with genetically engineered photosensitive proteins. By stimulating with light, this method provides high spatiotemporal and high specificity resolution, which is in contrast to conventional pharmacological or electrical stimulation. Optogenetics was initially introduced to control neural activities but was gradually extended to other biomedical fields.