Rural-Urban mild cognitive impairment comparison in West Michigan through EHR.

Introduction: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a significant public health concern and a potential precursor to Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study leverages electronic health record (EHR) data to explore rural-urban differences in MCI incidence, risk factors, and healthcare navigation in West Michigan.

Methods: Analysis was conducted on 1,528,464 patients from Corewell Health West, using face-to-face encounters between 1/1/2015 and 7/31/2022.

In Vitro and In Vivo Analysis of Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Metastasis Using a Bright, Red-Shifted Bioluminescent Reporter Protein.

Cancer cells produce heterogeneous extracellular vesicles (EVs) as mediators of intercellular communication. This study focuses on a novel method to image EV subtypes and their biodistribution in vivo. A red-shifted bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) EV reporter is developed, called PalmReNL, which allows for highly sensitive EV tracking in vitro and in vivo.

Fenofibrate, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha agonist, blocks steatosis and alters the inflammatory response in a mouse model of inflammation-dioxin interaction.

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (dioxin; TCDD) is an environmental contaminant that elicits a variety of toxic effects, many of which are mediated through activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Interaction between AhR and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-α), which regulates fatty acid metabolism, has been suggested. Furthermore, with recognition of the prevalence of inflammatory conditions, there is current interest in the potential for inflammatory stress to modulate the response to environmental agents.

Liver fibrosis is driven by protease-activated receptor-1 expressed by hepatic stellate cells in experimental chronic liver injury.

Background: Blood coagulation protease activity is proposed to drive hepatic fibrosis through activation of protease-activated receptors (PARs). Whole-body PAR-1 deficiency reduces experimental hepatic fibrosis, and studies suggest a potential contribution by PAR-1 expressed by hepatic stellate cells. However, owing to a lack of specific tools, the cell-specific role of PAR-1 in experimental hepatic fibrosis has never been formally investigated.

DT-678 inhibits platelet activation with lower tendency for bleeding compared to existing P2Y antagonists.

The novel clopidogrel conjugate, DT-678, is an effective inhibitor of platelets and thrombosis in preclinical studies. However, a comparison of the bleeding risk with DT-678 and currently approved P2Y antagonists has yet to be determined. The objective of this study was to evaluate the bleeding tendency of animals treated with clopidogrel, ticagrelor, and DT-678.

T-type voltage-gated Ca channels do not contribute to the negative feedback regulation of myogenic tone in murine superior epigastric arteries.

T-type voltage-gated Ca channels (CaV3.2 VGCC) have been hypothesized to control spontaneous transient outward currents (STOCs) through large-conductance Ca-activated K channels (BK), and contribute to the negative-feedback regulation of myogenic tone. We tested this hypothesis in superior epigastric arteries (SEAs) isolated from male C57BL/6 mice.

Hepatic stellate cells orchestrate clearance of necrotic cells in a hypoxia-inducible factor-1α-dependent manner by modulating macrophage phenotype in mice.

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is activated in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) by hypoxia and regulates genes important for tissue repair. Whether HIF-1α is activated in HSCs after acute injury and contributes to liver regeneration, however, is not known. To investigate this, mice were generated with reduced levels of HIF-1α in HSCs by crossing HIF-1α floxed mice with mice that express Cre recombinase under control of the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) promoter (i.

Differential effects of the D2 receptor agonist quinelorane on the secretion of prolactin and alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone.

The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of quinelorane, a selective D2 receptor agonist, on concentrations of prolactin and alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) in plasma of male rats. Quinelorane decreased plasma concentrations of prolactin but not of alpha-MSH, whereas, the D2 receptor antagonist raclopride increased plasma concentrations of both hormones. Quinelorane reversed the effects of raclopride on circulating levels of prolactin, but not alpha-MSH.

Dihydropyridine-sensitive and -insensitive components of acetylcholine release from rat motor nerve terminals.

Effects of the dihydropyridine (DHP) calcium channel agonist Bay K 8644 on spontaneous and neurally evoked release of acetylcholine were measured using conventional intracellular microelectrode recording techniques at rat neuromuscular junctions of preparations that were transected to prevent contraction ("cut muscle preparation"). At concentrations of 0.65 to 2 microM Bay K 8644 caused significant increases in end-plate potential amplitude and mean quantal content in cut muscle preparations, but no effect in uncut preparations in which contractions were blocked by using d-tubocurarine (1 microM).