Polyphenol production and gene expression in sage shoot cultures exposed to light-emitting diodes.

Sages and their beneficial secondary metabolites have been used in conventional and traditional medicine in many countries, and are extensively studied for their health effects. However, to achieve high production levels, it is crucial to optimize the cultivation conditions. The aim of our study was to determine the optimal light-emitting diode (LED) treatment strategy for promoting plant growth and polyphenol biosynthesis in S.

Populism and medical advocacy: The case of hydroxychloroquine prior the 2020 United States presidential election.

Leading up to the 2020 U.S. presidential elections, the scientific consensus on hydroxychloroquine's ineffectiveness in treating COVID-19 was dismissed by Executive branch scientists, who promoted it as both a therapeutic solution and a political tool.

Effects of whole-body vibration-based trunk training on lumbar motor control: A randomized controlled trial.

Lumbar motor control is an important factor for the prevention and improvement of low back pain and the enhancement of sports performance. Interventions for lumbar motor control are complex and difficult; however, training with whole-body vibrations has the potential to be simple and effective. Therefore, this study aimed to verify the effects of 4 weeks of trunk training with whole-body vibrations on each component of lumbar motor control.

A split-type near-infrared photoelectrochemical and colorimetric dual-mode biosensor for the high-performance determination of HepG2 cells.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) stands as a grave illness characterized by elevated death rates. Early identification plays a vital role in improving patient survival. Herein, a novel split-type dual-mode biosensor featuring with near-infrared photoelectronchemical (PEC) and colorimetric sensing characteristics was developed for the high-performance detection of HepG2 cells.

Advancing burn wound healing with an innovative in situ gelling probiotic microparticle formulation employing quality by design (QbD) principles.

Scientists investigated probiotic-containing dressings to address the challenges associated with burn injuries, namely infection and antimicrobial resistance. The present investigation sought to evaluate the impact of innovative probiotic-loaded microparticles with in situ gelling characteristics on infected burns. The strain, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, was selected due to its demonstrated wound-healing potential.

Value Propositions for Digital Shared Medication Plans to Boost Patient-Health Care Professional Partnerships: Co-Design Study.

Background: Health authorities worldwide have invested in digital technologies to establish robust information exchange systems for improving the safety and efficiency of medication management. Nevertheless, inaccurate medication lists and information gaps are common, particularly during care transitions, leading to avoidable harm, inefficiencies, and increased costs. Besides fragmented health care processes, the inconsistent incorporation of patient-driven changes contributes to these problems.

Aculeapyridones A-Q, Pyranopyridone Alkaloids with Protective Effects against Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Injury Discovered from a Coculture of WHUF0198 and a sp.

In the search for novel natural products with hepatoprotective effects against acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury, the marine-derived fungus WHUF0198 was investigated. Seventeen undescribed pyranopyridone alkaloids, aculeapyridones A-Q (-), were isolated by bioactivity-guided fractionation of an extract obtained by coculture of the WHUF0198 with the mangrove-associated fungus sp. DM27.

Toll-like receptor 1/2 activation reduces immunoglobulin free light chain production by multiple myeloma cells in the context of bone marrow stromal cells and fibronectin.

Toll-like receptor (TLRs) activation in multiple myeloma (MM) cells induces heterogeneous functional responses including cell growth and proliferation, survival or apoptosis. These effects have been suggested to be partly due to increase in secretion of cytokines such as IL-6 or IFNα among others from MM cells following TLR activation. However, whether triggering of these receptors also modulates production of immunoglobulin free light chains (FLCs), which largely contribute to MM pathology, has not been investigated in MM cells before.

Suppressing APOE4-induced neural pathologies by targeting the VHL-HIF axis.

The ε4 variant of human apolipoprotein E () is a key genetic risk factor for neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease and elevated all-cause mortality in humans. Understanding the factors and mechanisms that can mitigate the harmful effects of has significant implications. In this study, we find that inactivating the VHL-1 (Von Hippel-Lindau) protein can suppress mortality, neural and behavioral pathologies caused by transgenic human in .

Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of Urinary Catheter Incorporated with ZnO-Carbon Nanotube.

Urinary tract infections are among the most common nosocomial infections, with the majority being catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). This study demonstrated that an antimicrobial and antibiofilm urinary catheter containing zinc oxide-carbon nanotubes (ZnO-CNT) can inhibit CAUTIs in patients. ZnO-CNT polymers were synthesized by mixing ZnO and CNT using a high-shear mixer, and the synthesized ZnO-CNT polymers were incorporated into a silicone matrix to produce a ZnO-CNT urinary catheter.

A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Neuropharmacological Potential of Methanolic Leaf Extract of Acanthus ebracteatus (Vahl.) Using Experimental and In Silico Approaches.

This study was undertaken to assess the antioxidant and neuropharmacological potentials of the methanol leaf extract of Acanthus ebracteatus (MAEL) through experimental and in silico methods. The phytochemical screening (PS) and GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) identified 28 phytochemicals with different classes in nature in MAEL. The MAEL revealed better antioxidant activity through various in vitro antioxidant assays.

Net Benefit of Early Anticoagulation for Stroke With Atrial Fibrillation: Post Hoc Analysis of the ELAN Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The net clinical effect of early vs later direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) initiation after atrial fibrillation-associated ischemic stroke is unclear.

Objective: To investigate whether early DOAC treatment is associated with a net clinical benefit (NCB).

Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a post hoc analysis of the Early Versus Late Initiation of Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Post-Ischaemic Stroke Patients With Atrial Fibrillation (ELAN) open-label randomized clinical trial conducted across 103 sites in 15 countries in Europe, the Middle East, and Asia between November 6, 2017, and September 12, 2022, with a 90-day follow-up.

Bioinformatics Analysis of Programmed Death-1-Trastuzumab Resistance Regulatory Networks in Breast Cancer Cells.

Objective: Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1, encoded by PDCD1) regulatory network participates in glioblastoma multiforme development. However, such a network in trastuzumab-resistant human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer remains to be determined. Accordingly, this study was aimed to explore the PD-1 regulatory network responsible for the resistance of breast cancer cells to trastuzumab through a bioinformatics approach.

Preoperative Nutritional Status Influences Enteral Nutrition Weaning 6 Months Post-Surgery in Patients with Esophageal Cancer.

Objective: This study aimed to clarify whether nutritional status at admission affects enteral nutrition weaning 6 months after surgery in patients with esophageal cancer.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of 81 patients who underwent subtotal esophageal cancer resection between April 2014 and February 2016. The survey items were as follows: 1) sex, 2) age, 3) presence or absence of family members living together, 4) clinical stage, 5) surgical procedure, 6) reconstructed organs, 7) nutritional status at admission, 8) presence or absence of postoperative complications (anastomotic leakage, chylothorax, and recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis), and 9) presence or absence of treatment other than surgery (chemo- or radiotherapy).

An Exploratory Model of How Ethical Indicators Predict Health Professional Burnout.

The objectives of this study were to characterize burnout in five different health professions (i.e., pharmacists, nurses, occupational therapists, psychologists, and mental health counselors) as well as to determine if moral distress, ethical stress, and/or ethical climate were predictive of burnout and job satisfaction.

Antiretroviral Use for HIV Prevention During Pregnancy: The Need to Strengthen Regulatory and Surveillance Systems in Africa.

HIV-prevention efforts focusing on women of child-bearing potential are needed to end the HIV epidemic in the African region. The use of antiretroviral drugs as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a critical HIV prevention tool. However, safety data on new antiretrovirals during pregnancy are often limited because pregnant people are excluded from drug development studies.

Inhibition of amyloid-beta aggregation by phenyl butyric acid analogs and bile acids: a comprehensive in silico study.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative neurological disorder defined by the formation of β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles within the brain. Current pharmacological treatments for AD only provide symptomatic relief, and there is a lack of definitive disease-modifying therapies. Chemical chaperones, such as 4-Phenylbutyric acid (4PBA) and Tauroursodeoxycholic acid, have shown neuroprotective effects in animal and cell culture models.

A review on amino acids as proxies for organic matter degradation in aquatic ecosystems: implications for nutrient cycling, climate change, and ecosystem management.

The fate and degradation of organic matter in aquatic systems is a vital link in nutrient cycling and sedimentation processes influenced by exogenous and endogenous factors, such as inputs from upstream sources, sediment suspension, and the decomposition of aquatic organisms. The interplay of organic carbon, microbes, and environmental factors shapes the distribution and degradation of organic matter. Characterizing the source distribution of sedimentary organic matter in aquatic systems using novel proxies can unravel new insights into the mechanisms that control its dispersal, preservation and fate, which is essential to understanding the global carbon and nitrogen cycles.

Feeding broilers with the addition of an Ilex paraguariensis coproduct affects zootechnical performance and meat quality responses.

During the harvest of Ilex paraguariensis, approximately 2-5 tons per hectare of thick stems are left on the soil surface. The outer portion of these stems, referred to as the coproduct, constitutes 30% of the total residue mass. Although this coproduct has been partially characterized in terms of its phytochemical profile, its technological applications remain unexplored.

An insight on the additive impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease on cardiovascular consequences.

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are associated with a multifactorial complicated aetiology that is often coexisting and has a strong and distinct connection with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). In order to accomplish effective and appropriate therapeutic strategies, a deeper understanding of the bidirectional interaction between NAFLD patients, NAFLD patients with T2DM, and NAFLD patients with CVDs is required to control the concomitant rise in prevalence of these conditions worldwide. This article also aims to shed light on the epidemiology and mechanisms behind the relationship between T2DM, NAFLD and the related cardiovascular consequences.

Accelerated Endosomal Escape of Splice-Switching Oligonucleotides Enables Efficient Hepatic Splice Correction.

Splice-switching oligonucleotides (SSOs) can restore protein functionality in pathologies and are promising tools for manipulating the RNA-splicing machinery. Delivery vectors can considerably improve SSO functionality in vivo and allow dose reduction, thereby addressing the challenges of RNA-targeted therapeutics. Here, we report a biocompatible SSO nanocarrier, based on redox-responsive disulfide cross-linked low-molecular-weight linear polyethylenimine (cLPEI), for overcoming multiple biological barriers from subcellular compartments to en-route serum stability and finally in vivo delivery challenges.

Effectiveness and safety of the use of sodium nitrite in patients with hypertension and pulmonary hypertension: a scoping review.

Evidence suggests that sodium nitrite may be effective in the treatment of hypertension and pulmonary hypertension. However, its use remains debated due to safety concerns. In response, a scoping review was conducted to map current knowledge on the efficacy and safety of sodium nitrite in patients with hypertension or pulmonary hypertension, addressing the question: What evidence supports the effectiveness and safety of using sodium nitrite in these patients? The databases MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and LILACS were searched for clinical studies on hypertensive patients at any disease stage without restrictions on age, sex, ethnicity, publication date, or status.

Evidence for the anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects of three semi-synthetic derivatives of xylopic acid in mice.

Purpose: Major depressive disorder is one of the most common and burdensome psychiatric disorders worldwide. This study evaluated the anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like activity of three semi-synthetic derivatives of xylopic acid (XA) to identify the most promising derivative based on mechanism(s) of action, in vivo pharmacokinetics and in vitro cytotoxicity.

Methods: The anxiolytic potential and the involvement of GABAergic mechanisms were assessed in the elevated plus-maze and open field tests in mice.

Carboxy-Amidated AamAP1-Lys has Superior Conformational Flexibility and Accelerated Killing of Gram-Negative Bacteria.

C-terminal amidation of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) is a frequent minor modification used to improve antibacterial potency, commonly ascribed to increased positive charge, protection from proteases, and a stabilized secondary structure. Although the activity of AMPs is primarily associated with the ability to penetrate bacterial membranes, hitherto the effect of amidation on this interaction has not been understood in detail. Here, we show that amidation of the scorpion-derived membranolytic peptide AamAP1-Lys produces a potent analog with faster bactericidal activity, increased membrane permeabilization, and greater Gram-negative membrane penetration associated with greater conformational flexibility.