What to know about 2.0: Revisions to the pediatric emergency medicine milestones.

Introduction: The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) adopted educational milestones for trainee assessment in 2013, as a key component of the Next Accreditation System. Two years later, the ACGME, American Board of Pediatrics (ABP), and American Board of Emergency Medicine (ABEM) collaborated to create specialty-specific subcompetencies in pediatric emergency medicine (PEM). Since that time, emerging data have demonstrated the need to revise specialty milestones.

A unique gut microbiota signature in pulmonary arterial hypertension: A pilot study.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive, ultimately fatal cardiopulmonary disease associated with a number of physiologic changes, which is believed to result in imbalances in the intestinal microbiota. To date, comprehensive investigational analysis of the intestinal microbiota in human subjects is still limited. To address this, we performed a pilot study of the intestinal microbiome in 20 PAH and 20 non-PAH healthy control subjects, recruited from a single center, with each PAH subject recruited simultaneously with a cohabitating non-PAH control subject.

Association of *14 Allele with Poor Response to Methotrexate in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Patients.

Objective: Variants in the gene, encoding a hepatic methotrexate (MTX) transporter, affect clearance of high-dose MTX. We tested whether in the *14 and *15 alleles of influenced the response to low-dose MTX in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients.

Methods: The study included 310 JIA patients genotyped for three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in (rs4149056, rs2306283, and rs11045819).

Buprenorphine pharmacotherapy for the management of neonatal abstinence syndrome in methadone-exposed neonates.

We aimed to compare the outcomes of pharmacotherapy with either buprenorphine or methadone in infants treated for neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) secondary to intrauterine exposure to methadone. This is a multi-center, retrospective cohort study to assess length of treatment (LOT), hospital length of stay (LOS), and cumulative opioid exposure between infants treated with either methadone or buprenorphine for NAS secondary to in utero exposure to methadone. Infants delivered at a gestational age ≥35 weeks and a maternal history of opioid-use disorder and/or urine drug screen positive for methadone, and postnatal pharmacotherapy for NAS with either buprenorphine or methadone as first-line opioid replacement therapy, were eligible.