Novel Immunotherapy Targets for Relapsed/Refractory B-ALL: A Literature Review.

B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is the most prevalent cancer in United States children. In recent years, immunotherapies using chimeric antigen receptors (CAR T-cells) have improved prognosis for patients with B-ALL. Previous CAR T therapies have used CD19 as a target, but loss of this protein through antigen escape may cause relapse with slim chance of remission.