A Perspective on Women in Otolaryngology Through the Legacy of Dr. Margaret F. Butler.

This article explores the life of Dr. Margaret F. Butler and her many contributions to the field of otolaryngology.

Inpatient Audiograms: A Mixed Methods Study Examining Clinical Decision Making, Financial Analyses, and Audiologist Perspectives.

Objective: Evaluate inpatient audiometry on clinical decision-making. Assess stakeholder perspectives on the practice of inpatient audiometry and financial impact.

Study Design: This is a mixed methods study utilizing retrospective chart review, a focus group, and financial analyses.

The Association Between Hearing Loss and Depression in a Large Electronic Health Record System.

Objective: Hearing loss (HL) is associated with depression, but existing datasets are limited by the type of data available for both hearing and mental health conditions. The purpose of this study is to determine if there is an association between HL and depressive disorders within a large bi-institutional electronic health record (EHR) system containing more granular diagnostic information.

Study Design: Cross-sectional epidemiologic study.

Socioeconomic status has direct impact on asthma control: Turkish adult asthma registry.

Background: Asthma is one of the most common causes of chronic respiratory disease, and countries with low socioeconomic status have both a high prevalence of asthma and asthma-related death.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to determine socioeconomic levels of asthmatic patients according to a national database and investigate the effects of social markers on disease control in our region.

Methods: This is an analysis of data from 2053 adult asthma patients from a multicentre chart study in Turkey.

Clinico-Pathological Significance of Tumor Infiltrating Immune Cells in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma-Hope or Hype?

Background: To correlate between immunohistochemical expression of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and natural killer (NK) cells with the AJCC 8th edition TNM staging system and other disease-modifying clinico-pathological variables.

Methods: The representative histology sections of tumor invasive margin (IM) and tumor core (TC) were selected according to the International Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Working Group and were subjected to immunohistochemistry with antibodies for TILs (CD3, CD8, FOXP3), NK Cells (CD57), TAMs (CD68, CD163) and pan-leukocyte marker (CD45). Histo-immuno-density-intensity (HIDI) scoring was calculated as a product of the proportion and intensity of staining.

Overexpression of miR-124 enhances the therapeutic benefit of TMZ treatment in the orthotopic GBM mice model by inhibition of DNA damage repair.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain cancer with poor prognosis due to the resistant to current treatments, including the first-line drug temozolomide (TMZ). Accordingly, it is urgent to clarify the mechanism of chemotherapeutic resistance to improve the survival rate of patients. In the present study, by integrating comprehensive non-coding RNA-seq data from multiple cohorts of GBM patients, we identified that a series of miRNAs are frequently downregulated in GBM patients compared with the control samples.

[Efficacy of inverted door flap combined with transcanal approach to the tympanic antrum technique for the treatment of middle ear cholesteatoma under endoscope].

This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of inverted door flap (IDF) combined with transcanal approach to the tympanic antrum (TCAA) technique under the endoscope for treatment of middle ear cholesteatoma. Outcomes of patients treated with combined techniques at the First People's Hospital of Foshan City between March 2021 and March 2023 were evaluated. A total of 31 patients (33 ears, 16 males and 15 females) aged (42.

Giant, unruptured, partially thrombosed right MCA aneurysm treated with 2 bypasses and excision.

Aneurysms of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) account for up to 40% of all unruptured intracranial aneurysms [1-3] and 14% to 20% of ruptured ones. [4-5] Giant MCA aneurysms are rare, representing 10% of cases [6], but carry an aggressive natural history, with the UCAS Japan study reporting an annual rupture rate of ∼ 17%. [7].

α-Synuclein distribution in olfactory mucosa and skin nerves in Parkinson disease associated with an EIF4G1 gene mutation.

The EIF4G1 gene has been considered an autosomal dominant cause of Parkinson disease (PD), even if its role is still debated. The objective of this study was to describe the phenotype and α-synuclein distribution in peripheral tissues in 2 related PD patients (mother and daughter), who are carriers of the same variant in exon 10 of EIF4G1 (c.1216G>A, p.

Management of nasopharyngeal stenosis post-tonsillectomy using the Madame Butterfly technique: A case report with novel approach.

Background: Nasopharyngeal stenosis (NPS) is an uncommon but significant complication that arise following tonsillectomy in adults, leading to manifestations including obstructive sleep apnea and dysphagia. This condition is often rare, underscoring the need for awareness and effective management strategies.

Case Presentation: We present a case involving a 48-year-old female who developed nasopharyngeal stenosis (NPS) 15 months after undergoing a tonsillectomy.

A nationwide survey of dysphagia as a complication of deep neck infection with abscess in Japan.

Objective: Deep neck infection with abscess (DNI) may cause dysphagia as a late complication. This study aimed to determine the rate of DNI related dysphagia (DNIRD) and the effectiveness of rehabilitation and surgery for DNIRD.

Methods: As a multicenter retrospective study, we conducted a nationwide survey by sending questionnaires to specialist training institutions certified by the Japan Broncho-esophagological Society (JBES).

Beyond hearing: the impact of Cochlear implantation on the quality of life of users and their communication partners after 1 year.

Objective: To assess the impact of cochlear implantation (CI) and speech perception outcomes on the quality of life (QoL) of adult CI users and their communication partners (CP) one-year post-implantation.

Design: This research is part of a prospective multicenter study in The Netherlands, called SMILE (Societal Merit of Intervention for hearing Loss Evaluation).

Study Sample: Eighty adult CI users completed speech perception testing and the Nijmegen Cochear Implant Questionnaire (NCIQ).

Delineation of reduced CTV2 on the basis of the characteristics and distribution of cervical lymph node metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Introduction: The core objective of this study was to precisely locate metastatic lymph nodes, identify potential areas in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients that may not require radiotherapy, and propose a hypothesis for reduced target volume radiotherapy on the basis of these findings. Ultimately, we reassessed the differences in dosimetry of organs at risk (OARs) between reduced target volume (reduced CTV2) radiotherapy and standard radiotherapy.

Methods And Materials: A total of 209 patients participated in the study.

Optimizing skull base defect repair: leveraging the reused nasoseptal flap as a reliable material.

Purpose: The escalating number of endoscopic skull base procedures necessitates exploring additional materials to reduce postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks in revision or staged surgeries. This study evaluates the effectiveness of reused nasoseptal flaps (NSFs) in such clinical scenarios.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on patients who previously underwent surgery involving NSFs and later had revision or secondary skull base surgeries via endoscopic endonasal approaches (EEAs) at a tertiary medical center.

Circulating HPVDNA in patients undergoing transoral robotic surgery for oropharyngeal cancer: liquid biopsy could identify molecular residual disease.

Objectives: we evaluated the hypothesis that level of ctHPVDNA on the first postoperative day (POD-1); and at 15 days (POD-15) could be associated with the need for adjuvant therapy and the presence of recurrence.

Materials And Methods: this is a prospective observational study on biomarkers, focusing on the longitudinal monitoring of ctHPVDNA in a cohort of HPV-OPSCC patients undergoing TORS. Blood samples were collected according to the following schema: (1) pretreatment; (2) on first postoperative day (POD 1); and (3) at 15 days (POD 15).

Balloon-assisted placement of rib graft in endoscopic posterior cricoid split; a new technique.

Objective: This study aims to compare the outcomes of balloon-assisted rib graft placement with traditional graft placement in Endoscopic Posterior Cricoid Split with Rib Graft Placement (EPCS/RG).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 23 patients who underwent EPCS/RG by a single senior surgeon at King Saud University Medical City from 2017 to 2024. Data were collected on demographics, surgical approach, and operative time.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy and corticosteroids as combined treatment for acute acoustic trauma.

Purpose: Acute acoustic trauma (AAT) is a sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) due to exposure to high intensity impulse noise. There are no acceptable treatment guidelines, although several studies showed steroids could be effective in restoring hearing levels. A recent report suggested that steroids combined with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) are a superior regiment for AAT.

A multicenter study of neurofibromatosis type 1 utilizing deep learning for whole body tumor identification.

Deep-learning models have shown promise in differentiating between benign and malignant lesions. Previous studies have primarily focused on specific anatomical regions, overlooking tumors occurring throughout the body with highly heterogeneous whole-body backgrounds. Using neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) as an example, this study developed highly accurate MRI-based deep-learning models for the early automated screening of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) against complex whole-body background.

Correlates of prolonged length of stay after endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenomas: varying definitions and non-clinical factors.

Purpose: Prolonged length of stay (PLOS) can lead to resource misallocation and higher complication risks. However, there is no consensus on defining PLOS for endoscopic transsphenoidal pituitary surgery (ETPS). Therefore, we investigated the impact of varying PLOS definitions on factors associated with PLOS in patients undergoing ETPS.

Selective resection of the medial wall of the cavernous sinus in pituitary surgery: results of a prospective single center analysis.

Purpose: Pituitary adenomas, despite their histologically benign nature, can severely impact patients' quality of life due to hormone hypersecretion. Invasion of the medial wall of the cavernous sinus (MWCS) by these tumors complicates surgical outcomes, lowering biochemical remission rates and increasing recurrence. This study aims to share our institutional experience with the selective resection of the MWCS in endoscopic pituitary surgery.

Comparison of Complications of Injection Laryngoplasty via Direct Versus Flexible Laryngoscopy.

Objectives: Injection laryngoplasty (IL) is commonly performed for glottic insufficiency and has historically been performed under general anesthesia via direct laryngoscopy (DL), with an increasing number of procedures being performed in the office setting via flexible laryngoscopy (FL). Existing literature regarding complications of IL primarily addresses immediate peri-procedural complications and adverse reactions to the injection material. This is the first study utilizing a large multi-institutional database comparing complications of IL performed via DL versus FL.

Structure and properties of chitosan plasticized with hydrophobic short-chain fatty acid cosolvent.

The application of chitosan in packaging has always been limited due to its brittle and hygroscopic nature. In this study, hydrophobic short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were utilized to modify chitosan to overcome this issue. For the first time, hydrophobic SCFAs, typically hexanoic acid and its homologs, were found to be able to dissolve chitosan in water as well as its hydrophilic analog.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the tongue: A case study highlighting surgical management of an exceptionally rare entity.

Background: Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignant tumor that accounts for <1 % of head and neck malignancies, with an estimated involvement of the tongue at approximately 3 %.

Case Presentation: This report presents a case of a 42-year-old male with no significant history of tobacco or alcohol use, who developed a painless, progressively enlarging mass on the ventral surface of his tongue over the course of eight months. Initial surgical resection confirmed the diagnosis of ACC, which necessitated a right hemiglossectomy followed by radiotherapy to address potential residual disease.

Lentigo maligna melanoma of the face: Clinical insights from a case of recurrence following surgical excision.

Background: Lentigo maligna (LM) and lentigo maligna melanoma (LMM) are the most prevalent subtypes of melanoma, primarily affecting sun-exposed areas of the face in individuals aged 65 to 80 years. LM accounts for approximately 80 % of in situ melanomas and carries a risk of progression to LMM, which constitutes 4 % to 15 % of global cutaneous melanoma cases. This report discusses the clinical challenges and management strategies for recurrent LM, with an emphasis on accurate diagnosis and surgical intervention.

Infection rate following mandibular distraction with internal and external devices in infants.

Background: Internal and external devices may be utilized in mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) for the correction of symptomatic micrognathia in infants and children.

Purpose: To compare the rate and severity of infection between internal and external MDO devices.

Study Design, Setting, Sample: Retrospective cohort study utilizing an institutional database of patients who underwent MDO.