Number of Doses of Systemic Antibiotic Prophylaxis May Be Reduced in Cemented Primary Knee Arthroplasty Irrespective of Use of Antibiotic in the Cement: A Multiregistry-Based Meta-Analysis.

Background: The use of systemic antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP) and antibiotic-loaded bone cement (ALBC) is the accepted practice to reduce the risk of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) in primary total knee arthroplasty (pTKA). However, practice varies internationally. This study's primary aim was to compare the risk of PJI revision after pTKA with ALBC + SAP vs.

The association between patients' personality traits and pain perception during orthodontic treatment: a systematic review.

Background: Orthodontic treatment is frequently correlated with different levels of discomfort and pain, caused by the application of forces to move the teeth. The mechanism of orthodontic pain is based on the initially activation of sensory receptors in periodontal tissues which results in a cascade of nociceptive pain processing and transduction in both the central and peripheral nervous systems that is finally experienced by patients. The perception of pain is subjective and varies among people, as it is influenced by both general and individual elements.

Intraoral appliance treatment modulates inflammatory markers and oxidative damage in elderly with sleep apnea.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) causes intermittent hypoxia, increased production of reactive oxygen species, and inflammation, which may elevate morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of the intraoral appliance (IOA) as a treatment for OSA when it comes to the modulation of inflammatory markers and oxidative damage in elderly individuals. This "before and after" clinical trial included 9 patients diagnosed with OSA recruited from a multicenter randomized clinical trial study that evaluated the treatment with IOA for 60 days.

Complexity of synovial fluid-derived monocyte-macrophage-lineage cells in knee osteoarthritis.

Synovial fluid (SF)-derived monocyte-macrophage (MON-Mϕ)-lineage cells in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) remain poorly understood. We analyzed SF samples from 420 patients with KOA with effusion. The MON-Mϕ cells accounted for 47.

Choline kinases: Enzymatic activity, involvement in cancer and other diseases, inhibitors.

One of the aspects of tumor metabolism that distinguish it from healthy tissue is the phosphorylation of choline by choline kinases, which initiates the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine. Presently, there is a lack of comprehensive reviews discussing the current understanding of the role of choline kinase in cancer processes, as well as studies on the anti-tumor properties of choline kinase inhibitors. To address these gaps, this review delves into the enzymatic and non-enzymatic properties of CHKα and CHKβ and explores their precise involvement in cancer processes, particularly cancer cell proliferation.

Rapid assessment of the osteogenic capacity of hydroxyapatite/aragonite using a murine tibial periosteal ossification model.

Biomaterials are widely used as orthopaedic implants and bone graft substitutes. We aimed to develop a rapid osteogenic assessment method using a murine tibial periosteal ossification model to evaluate the bone formation/remodelling potential of a biomaterial within 2-4 weeks. A novel hydroxyapatite/aragonite (HAA) biomaterial was implanted into C57BL/6 mice juxtaskeletally between the tibia and tibialis anterior muscle.

Curve Progression After the Termination of Bracing for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Usefulness of Combining the Proximal Femur Maturity Index (PFMI) and Risser Staging.

Background The brace therapy for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) typically ends upon the end of growth. However, determining the timing of growth cessation can be challenging. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of the proximal femur maturity index (PFMI), which can be assessed simultaneously with Risser staging without requiring additional radiation exposure, in determining the appropriate timing to terminate bracing.

Ehlers-Danlos Syndromes and Related Disorders: Diagnostic Challenges and the Need for an Interdisciplinary Patient Care in Germany.

Introduction: Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS) represent a group of heritable connective tissue disorders characterized by skin hyperelasticity, joint hypermobility and generalized tissue fragility. Many patients remain undiagnosed years after initial symptoms and an accurate diagnosis is difficult despite all efforts. Currently, Germany lacks a patient registry and a specialized EDS centre.

Oral Rehabilitation After Maxillary Protraction With Skeletal Anchorage in a Patient With Oligodontia.

Objective: To evaluate the outcomes of skeletal anchorage-supported maxillary protraction and prostetic restoration in a patient with class III malocclusion and hypodontia.

Methods: Anchorage plates were placed in the apertura piriformis region as skeletal anchorage support. Subsequently, 500 g orthopedic force per side was applied for maxillary protraction.

Assessment of the Bond Strength of Orthodontic Bracket on Ceramic Crown Surface Using Three Various Bonding Agents: A Comparative Study.

Aim: The current study's aim was to evaluate the orthodontic bracket's bond strength employing three different bonding agents on a ceramic crown surface.

Materials And Methods: Tooth preparation on 60 permanent maxillary premolar teeth extracted for orthodontic purposes was carried out. Supragingival finishing margins were made for all samples, and ceramic (PFM) crowns were fabricated.

Comparative Evaluation of Microleakage below the Orthodontic Brackets after Bonding with Various Adhesive Agents: An Study.

Aim: The aim of the current study was to assess the microleakage below orthodontic brackets after bonding with three different adhesive materials.

Materials And Methods: In total, 75 healthy human premolars that had been extracted for orthodontic treatment were utilized in this investigation. The samples were divided into three groups of 25 samples randomly.

Esthetic Twin Block Approach for Correction of Developing Class II Division 1 Malocclusion of an 11-year-old Female Patient: A Case Report.

Unlabelled: An 11-year-old female patient with developing class II division 1 malocclusion having retrognathic mandible and crowding in the lower arch, horizontal growth pattern, with convex profile, hyperactive mentalis muscle, positive visual treatment objective (VTO) in cervical vertebral maturation indicator (CVMI) stage 4 was planned to be treated using modification of conventional twin block appliance. Though a wide variety of myofunctional appliances like activator, Bionator, and Frankel appliances can be delivered to the patient, twin block appliance being a mechanofunctional appliance is routinely preferred by operators due to simplicity of its design and construction in comparison to other appliances. One of the biggest challenges in management of growing patients with skeletal class II malocclusion is the compliance of patients in wearing the myofunctional appliances.

Engineered myeloid precursors differentiate into osteoclasts and resorb heterotopic ossification in mice.

Introduction: Heterotopic ossification (HO) occurs following orthopedic trauma, spinal cord injuries, brain trauma and limb amputations. Once symptomatic, HO causes pain, limited mobility and decreased quality of life. Current treatments are limited and have significant complications with high recurrence rates, underscoring the need for improved therapeutic interventions.

An AI-Driven Framework for Detecting Bone Fractures in Orthopedic Therapy.

This study presents an advanced artificial intelligence-driven framework designed to enhance the speed and accuracy of bone fracture detection, addressing key limitations in traditional diagnostic approaches that rely on manual image analysis. The proposed framework integrates the YOLOv8 object detection model with a ResNet backbone to combine robust feature extraction and precise fracture classification. This combination effectively identifies and categorizes bone fractures within X-ray images, supporting reliable diagnostic outcomes.

Effect of torque customization with composite resin bases on the shear bond strength and adhesive remnant patterns of lingual brackets : An in vitro evaluation.

Purpose: This study evaluated the effect of torque customization of lingual brackets with resin-modified bases on their shear bond strength (SBS), adhesive remnant index (ARI), and bond failure patterns (BFP).

Methods: The sample comprised 200 lingual lower incisor brackets (DTC® ORG, DTC Medical Apparatus, Hangzhou, China); 40 brackets were tested as-received and 4 groups with 40 brackets each were customized for -10, -20, +10 and +20° torque respectively with light-cured composite resin (Transbond XT™, 3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA, USA) bases. All brackets were bonded to bovine mandibular incisors.

The trend in national childhood immunization program coverage throughout Serbian communities in Kosovo and Metohija from 2003 to 2022: pre-COVID-19 period vs. COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The childhood immunization coverage in Serbian communities in Kosovo after the 1999 armed conflict has not been investigated. The study purpose was to evaluate the trend of immunization coverage with vaccines from the national childhood immunization program in Serbian communities in Kosovo and Metohija from 2003 to 2022.

Methods: Data were retrieved from the annual reports of the Public Health Institute of Kosovska Mitrovica received through notifications from the primary health centers where vaccines are being administered.

Injury and Illness Trends in the National Hockey League Following an Abrupt Cessation of Play.

Background: The National Hockey League (NHL) saw an unprecedented disruption to the competitive calendar due to the COVID-19 pandemic in March of 2020. Returning to play following an abrupt cessation of activity is a known risk factor for athletes.

Purpose: To analyze the occurrence and severity of events (injury and illness) in the NHL and to understand any differences in occurrence and severity between pre-pandemic seasons and seasons that immediately followed.

Cellular crosstalk in the bone marrow niche.

The bone marrow niche is a special microenvironment that comprises elements, including hematopoietic stem cells, osteoblasts, and endothelial cells, and helps maintain their characteristic functions. Here, we elaborate on the crosstalk between various cellular components, hematopoietic stem cells, and other cells in the bone marrow niche. We further explain the mechanism of preserving equilibrium in the bone marrow niche, which is crucial for the directional regulation of bone reconstruction and repair.

Improving dexamethasone drug loading and efficacy in treating rheumatoid arthritis via liposome: Focusing on inflammation and molecular mechanisms.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects approximately 0.46% of the global population. Conventional therapeutics for RA, including disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and corticosteroids, frequently result in unintended adverse effects.

Current applications and future perspective of virtual reality in dental education and practice in Saudi Arabia: A scoping review.

Objective: This scoping review aimed to evaluate the current state of virtual reality (VR) implementation in dental education and practice in Saudi Arabia, highlighting its advantages and challenges.

Methods: A scoping review examined VR's role in regrading dental education and practice in Saudi Arabia by searching electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, from inception to July 2024. Studies including VR applications for education, skills development, or anxiety/pain management involving Saudi dental students and practitioners were included.