Elotuzumab-mediated ADCC with Th1-like Vγ9Vδ2 T cells to disrupt myeloma-osteoclast interaction.

Multiple myeloma (MM) cells and osteoclasts (OCs) activate with each other to cause drug resistance. Human Th1-like Vγ9Vδ2 (γδ) T cells, important effectors against tumors, can be expanded and activated ex vivo by the aminobisphosphonate zoledronic acid in combination with IL-2. We previously reported that the expanded γδ T cells effectively targeted and killed OCs as well as MM cells.

Influence of the use of an adhesive connection on the joint strength of modular hip endoprostheses.

Introduction: Modular hip implants enables a more precise adaptation of the prosthesis to the patient's anatomy. However, they also carry the risk of increased revision rates due to micromotion at the taper junction. In order to minimize this risk, one potential solution is to establish an adhesive bond between the metal taper junctions.

Parental Knowledge and Awareness Regarding Early Orthodontic Consultation in Children: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objective: The present study aimed to assess parental knowledge and awareness of early orthodontic consultation in children.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among parents of schoolchildren who were randomly selected from public schools in the Al Ahsa region of Saudi Arabia, using a convenience sampling technique. Data were collected using a prevalidated, pretested study questionnaire distributed to parents through the schoolchildren.

Methods for 3D evaluation and quantification of gingival recessions and gingival margin changes: Advancements from conventional techniques.

In an era of increasing life expectancy and growing patient demands towards lifelong natural tooth retention, accurate assessment of gingival recessions is crucial for diagnosing periodontal diseases, planning preventive or restorative interventions, and evaluating their outcomes. The traditional two-dimensional (2D) methods, while useful, often fall short in capturing the complex topography of gingival tissue margins and their changes over time. By examining relevant published studies, this review highlights the transition from 2D to 3D techniques, analyzing the limitations of widely used 2D approaches, while emphasizing the potential of novel 3D tools and techniques.

Cisplatin-functionalized dual-functional bone substitute granules for bone defect treatment after bone tumor resection.

Invasive bone tumors pose a significant healthcare challenge, often requiring systemic chemotherapy and limb salvage surgery. However, these strategies are hampered by severe side effects, complex post-resection bone defects, and high local recurrence rates. To address this, we developed dual-functional bone substitute biomaterials by functionalizing commercially available bone substitute granules (Bio-Oss® and MBCP®+) with the established anticancer agent cisplatin.

Indexing status of orthodontic research published in presumed predatory journals: A bibliometric study.

Objectives: To examine the indexing status of presumed predatory orthodontic publications within established scientific databases.

Methods: Six electronic databases were searched to identify English language orthodontic articles published in 2022. Equal numbers of articles from legitimate (n = 159) and suspect or predatory journals (n = 159) were considered.

Inducible displacement of cementless total knee arthroplasty components with conventional and weight-bearing CT-based radiostereometric analysis.

Aseptic loosening remains one of the top causes of revision surgery of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Radiostereometric analysis (RSA) is used in research to measure implant migration, however limitations prevent its clinical use. New methods have allowed the same measurements as RSA to be performed with computed tomography (CT) scanners (CT-RSA).

Is xylitol effective in the prevention of dental caries? A systematic review.

Background: Xylitol is a sugar alcohol increasingly used in dentistry as a preventative measure against dental caries. The objective of this systematic review was to assess xylitol's efficacy in caries prevention through the reduction of the most commonly associated bacteria: Streptococcus mutans.

Material And Methods: This systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines.

The induction of bone formation by 3D-printed PLGA microsphere scaffolds in a calvarial orthotopic mouse model: a pilot study.

Polymeric biodegradable microspheres are readily utilized to support targeted drug delivery for various diseases clinically. 3D printed tissue engineering scaffolds from polymer filaments with embedded microspheres or nanoparticles, as well as bulk microsphere scaffolds, have been investigated for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. However, 3D printed scaffolds consisting only of a homogenous microsphere size with an optimized architecture that includes a unique micro- and macroporosity, have been challenging to produce and hence, have not been assessed in the literature yet.

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Interventions Targeted to Parents for Improving the Oral Health of Children from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) Backgrounds.

A high prevalence of dental caries is a significant health problem, especially in the pediatric population. Low-income minority groups, including the refugee and immigrant populations, are at higher risk of compromised oral health. It has been suggested that migrant parents do not have enough understanding of oral health, risk factors associated with dental caries, or the progress of dental decay.

Targeted antimicrobial regimens for Gram-negative prosthetic joint infections: a prospective multicenter study.

Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are considered the most effective antimicrobial treatment for Gram-negative prosthetic joint infection (GN-PJI). Alternatives are needed due to increasing FQ resistance and side effects. We aimed to compare different targeted antimicrobial strategies for GN-PJI managed by debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR) or one-stage revision surgery (1SR) and to review the literature of oral treatment options for GN-PJI.

Cultural Competency in Dental Practice: Navigating the Experiences and Perspectives of Dentists in South Punjab, Pakistan.

Introduction Cultural competence in healthcare embraces the principles of equal access and nondiscriminatory services in healthcare delivery. Dentists as significant healthcare professionals should definitely have the skills needed to diagnose and treat patients' conditions, but it is crucial to also address nontechnical skills such as cross-cultural communication, the ability to empathize, and inclusive-mindedness. Globally, cultural competency training has been included in healthcare educational programs; however, national practices reportedly have revolved around patients' clinical competencies and thus entailed overlooking the cultural dimensions of dental education that include diverse sociocultural factors that influence how dental practices are taught, learned, and delivered.

Assessment of Acoustic and Nasalance Improvement in Maxillary Obturator Patients Using PRAAT Software: An Study.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the improvement in acoustic and nasalance in patients with maxillary obturators, using PRAAT software.

Materials And Methods: The current study comprised a total of 16 patients who had acquired maxillary defects. Regardless of gender, the age range of these patients was 40-75 years old.

Synthesis methods of Mg-based scaffolds and their applications in tissue engineering: A review.

Repair and regeneration of damaged tissues due to disease and accidents have become a severe challenge to tissue engineers and researchers. In recent years, biocompatible metal materials such as stainless steels, cobalt alloys, titanium alloys, tantalum alloys, nitinol, and Mg alloys have been studied for tissue engineering applications; as suitable candidates in orthopedic and dentistry implants. These materials and their alloys are used for load-bearing and physiological roles in biological applications.

Innate immune response to bone fracture healing.

The field of osteoimmunology has primarily focused on fracture healing in isolated musculoskeletal injuries. The innate immune system is the initial response to fracture, with inflammatory macrophages, cytokines, and neutrophils arriving first at the fracture hematoma, followed by an anti-inflammatory phase to begin the process of new bone formation. This review aims to first discuss the current literature and knowledge gaps on the immune responses governing single fracture healing by encompassing the individual role of macrophages, neutrophils, cytokines, mesenchymal stem cells, bone cells, and other immune cells.

Subsidence of the Corail stem in total hip arthroplasty: no influence of bony contact.

Introduction: This study investigated stem subsidence following primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) with a Corail stem in patients who underwent two-staged bilateral THA. The second outcome of interest was to investigate whether a specific single cortical bone contact point might reduce postoperative stem subsidence.

Methods: The present study was conducted following the STROBE guidelines.

Multi-centre modified Delphi exercise to identify candidate items for classifying early-stage symptomatic knee osteoarthritis.

Objective: To generate a list of candidate items potentially useful for discriminating individuals with Early-stage Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis (EsSKOA) from those with other conditions and from established osteoarthritis (OA), and to reduce this list based on expert consensus.

Design: We conducted a three-round online international modified Delphi exercise with OA clinicians and researchers ("OA experts"). In Round 1, participants reviewed 84 candidate items and nominated additional item(s) potentially useful for EsSKOA classification; those nominated by ≥3 participants were added.

Raman Spectroscopic Algorithms for Assessing Virulence in Oral Candidiasis: The Fight-or-Flight Response.

This study aimed to test the effectiveness of Raman spectroscopy in the characterization of the degrees of physiological stress and virulence in clinical swab samples collected from patients affected by oral candidiasis. Raman experiments were conducted on a series of eight isolates, both in an as-collected state and after biofilm purification followed by 3 days of culture. The outputs were matched to optical microscopy observations and the results of conventional chromogenic medium assays.

Evaluation of Lateral and Medial Parts of the Hamstring Muscle Fatigue Symmetry in Professional Footballers Cleared to Play After ACL Reconstruction.

Rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a severe injury common in sports. It also has a high rate of re-injury. The aim of this work was to assess hamstring muscle fatigue in active football players after ACL reconstruction who were cleared to play and to determine symmetry between the lateral and medial hamstring muscles.

Neutrophil extracellular traps in the cross-talk between periodontitis and chronic kidney disease.

Background: The objective was to evaluate the level of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and periodontitis, and to explore the relationship between NETs and both diseases.

Methods: 63 CKD and 40 non-CKD participants were recruited and underwent periodontal examination, among which 35 early CKD patients underwent periodontal therapy. The concentrations of NETs were determined by dsDNA assay in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and plasma, and by flow cytometry or immunofluorescence assay in blood and gingival tissues.

Amniotic Membrane Transplantation: Clinical Applications in Enhancing Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration.

Chronic wounds and non-healing tissue defects pose significant clinical challenges, necessitating innovative therapeutic approaches. A comprehensive literature review of amniotic membrane transplantation for wound healing and tissue repair evaluates the efficacy and safety of amniotic membrane transplantation in enhancing wound healing and tissue repair. Amniotic membranes promote wound closure and reduce inflammation and scarring via abundant growth factors, cytokines, and extracellular matrix components, which foster conducive environments for tissue regeneration.