Clinical Outcomes Following a Switch of Therapy to Faricimab in Patients Affected by Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

In this study, we evaluated clinical outcomes following a therapy switch to Faricimab, in a patient cohort affected by neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), having received prior intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy. A retrospective investigation, including 28 eyes of 23 patients, treated for nAMD at the University Medical Center Mainz, Germany was performed. A switch in therapy to Faricimab was conducted, due to an inadequate response to the previous anti-VEGF treatment.

The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and the Risk of Parkinson's Disease in the U.S.: A Cross-Sectional Study.

: Inflammation is reportedly related to Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the relationship between the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and PD remains unexplored. This study aimed to explore the potential relationship between the SII and PD.

A Pilot Case Series on the Use of a Large Mushroom-Shaped Corneal Graft for the Surgical Management of Post-Penetrating Keratoplasty Ectasia and Endothelial Failure.

: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a surgical technique for managing post-penetrating keratoplasty (PK) ectasia complicated by late endothelial failure (LEF). : A single-center pilot case series was conducted regarding consecutive patients affected by post-PK ectasia with late graft failure. Using a microkeratome, a single donor cornea was dissected to prepare a two-piece graft, comprising a larger anterior lamella made up of anterior stroma and a smaller posterior lamella made up of posterior stroma, Descemet's membrane, and endothelium.

Choroidal Remodeling After Subthreshold Micropulse Laser in Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy: Short-Term Outcomes.

: To evaluate the effects of subthreshold micropulse laser treatment (SMLT) on choroidal architecture in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) and their correlations with functional outcomes. : This retrospective study included 48 eyes with chronic CSC that were treated with 577 nm SMLT. The choroidal thickness (CT); Sattler's layer and choriocapillaris complex thickness (SLCCT); Haller's layer thickness (HLT); subretinal fluid (SRF); and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were assessed at baseline and at 2 months post treatment.

Structural Equation Modelling of Retinopathy of Prematurity Treatment Integrating Both Physical and Clinical Effects.

We sought to develop a structural equation model (SEM) identifying physical and clinical risk factors associated with treatment for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). This retrospective, observational, case-control study included 314 infants screened for ROP between April 2004 and July 2024. A bivariate binary logistic regression model, decision tree, and structural equation model (SEM) were employed to develop a more general model for ROP requiring treatment.

Mydriasis Stability During Cataract Surgery in Patients with Systemic Comorbidities Using a Standardised Combination of Intracameral Mydriatics and Anaesthetic.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate mydriasis stability during cataract surgery in patients with systemic comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus (DM) and pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXF) after a standardised combination of intracameral mydriatics and anaesthetic (SCIMA). Stable mydriasis is crucial for safe and effective phacoemulsification.

Methods: Patients were included if they achieved pupil dilation ≥6.

Prediction of Seven Artificial Intelligence-Based Intraocular Lens Power Calculation Formulas in Medium-Long Caucasian Eyes.

To compare the accuracy of seven artificial intelligence (AI)-based intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation formulas in medium-long Caucasian eyes regarding the root-mean-square absolute error (RMSAE), the median absolute error (MedAE) and the percentage of eyes with a prediction error (PE) within ±0.5 D. Data on Caucasian patients who underwent uneventful phacoemulsification between May 2018 and September 2023 in MW-Med Eye Center, Krakow, Poland and Kyiv Clinical Ophthalmology Hospital Eye Microsurgery Center, Kyiv, Ukraine were reviewed.

Variabilities in Retinal Hemodynamics Across the Menstrual Cycle in Healthy Women Identified Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

Numerous conditions, both physiological and pathological, can influence changes in the retinal vascular architecture. In order to be able to highlight pathological aspects of systemic diseases with ocular activity, it is necessary to understand how physiological fluctuations can influence circulation at the retinal level. The present study attempts to evaluate retinal and choroidal vascular and structural changes in healthy female subjects over the course of a menstrual cycle using OCT-A.

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Utility of Extracellular Vesicles in Ocular Disease.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer particles released by virtually all cells, with prominent roles in both physiological and pathological processes. The size, number, and molecular composition of released EVs correlate to the cells of origin, modulated by the cell's environment and pathologic state. The proteins, DNA, RNA, and protein cargo carried by EVs are protected by degradation, with a prominent role in targeted intercellular signaling.

Comparative Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Aflibercept and Brolucizumab in Human Aqueous Humor Using Nano-Surface and Molecular-Orientation Limited Proteolysis.

Aflibercept and brolucizumab, two anti-VEGF agents used as intravitreal injections in ophthalmology, differ significantly in molecular weight (aflibercept-115 kDa and brolucizumab-26 kDa). Using aqueous humor samples collected after drug administration, we measured and performed a comparative analysis of pharmacokinetics and half-lives of these drugs in the human eye. Since the quantification of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) using antigen-antibody reactions, such as ELISA, is influenced by endogenous ligands or anti-drug antibodies, we employed nano-surface and molecular-orientation limited proteolysis (nSMOL), combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), for accurate measurements.

The Ocular Surface and the Anterior Segment of the Eye in the Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review.

Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXS) is an age-related fibrillopathy where fibrillar exfoliation material accumulates and deposits in ocular and extra-ocular tissue. Within the eye, this substance accumulates on the ocular surface and in the anterior segment of the eye, impacting ocular structures such as the conjunctiva, Tenon's capsule, sclera, cornea, iris, ciliary body, trabecular meshwork, and lens. This review aims to collate the current literature on how each anatomical part of the eye is affected by PXS, with a strong focus on molecular changes.

Sonic Hedgehog Determines Early Retinal Development and Adjusts Eyeball Architecture.

The eye primordium of vertebrates initially forms exactly at the side of the head. Later, the eyeball architecture is tuned to see ahead with better visual acuity, but its molecular basis is unknown. The position of both eyes in the face alters in patients with holoprosencephaly due to () mutations that disturb the development of the ventral midline of the neural tube.

Short-Term and Long-Term Effects of Bariatric Surgery on Diabetic Retinopathy: A Systematic Review.

: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common diabetes complication and a leading cause of blindness. Although bariatric surgery (BS) is well studied for diabetes management, its effects on DR onset and progression, particularly long-term outcomes, remain underexplored. This review seeks to evaluate the short- and long-term retinal outcomes of BS in diabetic patients.

Retrospective Analysis of the Prevalence and Risk Factors of Retinopathy of Prematurity in a Single-Center Cohort in Romania and Comparison with National and European Data.

This study investigated and compared with European literature data the incidence, severity, and perinatal risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in preterm infants admitted to the Premature Department of Mureş County Clinical Hospital over a two-year period (January 2022-December 2023). : ROP screening was performed in 96 infants (76.8%) according to professional guidelines.

The Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio and Other Full Blood Count Indices in Retinal Diseases: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and other full blood count indices have been used as a marker of inflammation in a variety of diseases. The aim of the current review is to summarize the existing knowledge on the use of these indices in retinal diseases. A systematic review of the literature was conducted to find eligible articles.

Differences Between Amblyopic and Fellow Eyes in Optical Coherence Tomography: A Cohort from Jordanian Population.

: Amblyopia is a condition where children undergo unilateral or bilateral vision loss due to a variety of disorders that impact the visual pathway. The assessment of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in amblyopia has made optical coherence tomography (OCT) a useful technique for studying the pathophysiology of this condition. This study was conducted to assess OCT results for various forms of amblyopia, including macular thickness and peripapillary RNFL thickness.

Epidemiological Characteristics and Prognostic Scoring in Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson Syndrome: Insights from a 17-Year Burn Center Experience.

: Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) and Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) are rare yet life-threatening dermatologic conditions characterized by severe skin and mucous membrane involvement. Accurate prognostic systems are crucial for clinical management to assess disease severity and predict outcomes. The primary objective of this study was to assess the epidemiological characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients with Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), and SJS/TEN overlap over a 17-year period at a specialized burn center.

Retinopathy in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a multisystemic disease, i.e., influencing various organ systems beyond the liver and, thus, contributing to comorbidities.

Improvement of Presbyopia, Dry Eye, Intraocular Pressure, and Near Vision Through Cassiae Tea Consumption.

: This study aimed to illustrate a novel method for improving presbyopia by drinking cassiae tea. : A total of 425 eyes from 425 participants (aged 52.5 ± 9.

The Potential of SHAP and Machine Learning for Personalized Explanations of Influencing Factors in Myopic Treatment for Children.

The rising prevalence of myopia is a significant global health concern. Atropine eye drops are commonly used to slow myopia progression in children, but their long-term use raises concern about intraocular pressure (IOP). This study uses SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) to improve the interpretability of machine learning (ML) model predicting end IOP, offering clinicians explainable insights for personalized patient management.

Relationship Between the Use of Fitness Trackers and Smartwatches for Monitoring Physical Activity and the Sociodemographic Characteristics of Long-Term Care Residents During the COVID-19 Lockdown.

: The use of wearable fitness technology is a trend nowadays and has significant potential in promoting an active lifestyle among long-term care (LTC) residents. The objectives of this observational study were to examine the use of fitness trackers and smartwatches for monitoring physical activity and to analyze the relationship between the use of these technological solutions and the sociodemographic characteristics of LTC residents during the COVID-19 lockdown. : Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 198 LTC residents stationed in eleven organizational units that provide long-term accommodation services for older adults in the city of Zagreb in Croatia.

Genotype-Phenotype Correlations of Nance-Horan Syndrome in Male and Female Carriers of a Novel Variant.

Background: Nance-Horan syndrome (NHS) is a rare, frequently underdiagnosed, X-linked disease caused by mutations in the NHS gene. In males, it causes bilateral dense pediatric cataracts, dental anomalies, and facial dysmorphisms. Females traditionally have a more subtle phenotype with discrete lens opacities as an isolated feature.

Chromosome 4 Duplication Associated with Strabismus Leads to Gene Expression Changes in iPSC-Derived Cortical Neurons.

Background/objectives: Strabismus is the most common ocular disorder of childhood. Three rare, recurrent genetic duplications have been associated with both esotropia and exotropia, but the mechanisms by which they contribute to strabismus are unknown. This work aims to investigate the mechanisms of the smallest of the three, a 23 kb duplication on chromosome 4 (hg38|4:25,554,985-25,578,843).

Compound Heterozygous p.(R124C) (Classic Lattice Corneal Dystrophy) and p.(R124H) (Granular Corneal Dystrophy Type 2) in : Phenotype, Genotype, and Treatment.

(1) Background: The phenotypes of classic lattice corneal dystrophy (LCD) and granular corneal dystrophy type 2 (GCD2) that result from abnormalities in gene () have previously been described. The phenotype of compound heterozygous classic LCD and GCD2, however, has not yet been reported. (2) Case report: A 39-year-old male (proband) presented to our clinic complaining of decreased vision bilaterally.

The Heterozygous p.A684V Variant in the Gene Is a Mutational Hotspot Causing a Severe Hearing Loss Phenotype.

Background/objectives: A heterozygous mutation in the gene is responsible for autosomal dominant non-syndromic hearing loss (DFNA6/14/38) and Wolfram-like syndrome, which is characterized by bilateral sensorineural hearing loss with optic atrophy and/or diabetes mellitus. However, detailed clinical features for the patients with the heterozygous p.A684V variant remain unknown.