Uptake of the first to fifth doses of coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine in individuals with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: A nationwide cohort study in Sweden.

Objectives: Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) have an increased risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as well as impaired responses to COVID-19 vaccination, which may be overcome by repeated booster vaccinations. Our objective was to explore the uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine in this population since records of this are scarce.

Methods: In this nationwide cohort study, we used multiple population-based health and sociodemographic registries to study COVID-19 vaccine uptake in individuals with CLL in Sweden, from 27 December 2020 to 28 February 2023.

Development and characterization of a recombinant silk network for 3D culture of immortalized and fresh tumor-derived breast cancer cells.

Traditional cancer models rely on 2D cell cultures or 3D spheroids, which fail to recapitulate cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions, a key element of tumor development. Existing hydrogel-based 3D alternatives lack mechanical support for cell growth and often suffer from low reproducibility. Here we report a novel strategy to make 3D models of breast cancer using a tissue-like, well-defined network environment based on recombinant spider silk, functionalized with a cell adhesion motif from fibronectin (FN-silk).

Deep thermal profiling for detection of functional proteoform groups.

The complexity of the functional proteome extends considerably beyond the coding genome, resulting in millions of proteoforms. Investigation of proteoforms and their functional roles is important to understand cellular physiology and its deregulation in diseases but challenging to perform systematically. Here we applied thermal proteome profiling with deep peptide coverage to detect functional proteoform groups in acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines with different cytogenetic aberrations.

Malignant DFFB isoform switching promotes leukemia survival in relapse pediatric T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

With modern treatment most children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) survive without relapse. However, for children who relapse the prognosis is still poor, especially in children with T-cell phenotype (T-ALL) and remains the major cause of death. The exact mechanism of relapse is currently not known.

Temporary cessation of ibrutinib results in reduced grade 3-4 infections and durable remissions-Interim analysis of an on-off-repeat Phase 1b/2 study in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Ibrutinib is used continuously in CLL. This phase 1b/2 study interim analysis explored on-off-repeat dosing to reduce toxicity. After 12 months, 16/22 patients (73%) remained in first off-phase irrespective if initial CR/PR or aberration.

Tuning MPL signaling to influence hematopoietic stem cell differentiation and inhibit essential thrombocythemia progenitors.

Thrombopoietin (TPO) and the TPO-receptor (TPO-R, or c-MPL) are essential for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) maintenance and megakaryocyte differentiation. Agents that can modulate TPO-R signaling are highly desirable for both basic research and clinical utility. We developed a series of surrogate protein ligands for TPO-R, in the form of diabodies (DBs), that homodimerize TPO-R on the cell surface in geometries that are dictated by the DB receptor binding epitope, in effect "tuning" downstream signaling responses.

A Highly Scalable Method for Joint Whole-Genome Sequencing and Gene-Expression Profiling of Single Cells.

To address how genetic variation alters gene expression in complex cell mixtures, we developed direct nuclear tagmentation and RNA sequencing (DNTR-seq), which enables whole-genome and mRNA sequencing jointly in single cells. DNTR-seq readily identified minor subclones within leukemia patients. In a large-scale DNA damage screen, DNTR-seq was used to detect regions under purifying selection and identified genes where mRNA abundance was resistant to copy-number alteration, suggesting strong genetic compensation.

Lung Scintigraphy in the Assessment of Aerosol Deposition and Clearance.

Environmental and occupational exposure to particulate aerosols is known to have negative health effects. However little is known about how these aerosols trigger the development of pathophysiological mechanisms in the body or the fate of ultrafine particles in the lungs after inhalation. The development of aerosols of different origin that can be labeled to a large variety with radionuclides compatible with clinical gamma camera systems opens the possibility of using lung scintigraphy imaging to study these causalities in detail.

Lung Ventilation/Perfusion Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) in Infants and Children with Nonembolic Chronic Pulmonary Disorders.

Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) provides high contrast three dimensional images of the regional distribution of a radiotracer. SPECT is a widely used technique in pulmonary investigations of the ventilation (V) and perfusion (Q) in the adult patient, mainly in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. However, safety concerns among practitioners due to radiation exposure and the use of macroaggregate albumin for the perfusion scan have historically precluded the use of SPECT in pediatric patients with nonembolic pulmonary disorders.

Changes in professionals' beliefs following a palliative care implementation programme at a surgical department: a qualitative evaluation.

Background: One ambition regarding palliative care is that it should be more accessible to patients and families regardless of care setting. Previous studies show many difficulties and shortcomings in the care of patients with palliative care needs in acute care facilities, but also challenges regarding efforts to implement palliative care. The aim of this study is to evaluate how the implementation of palliative care, using a combination of integration and consultation strategies, can change beliefs regarding palliative care among professionals in a surgical department.

Prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) types in cervical cancer 2003-2008 in Stockholm, Sweden, before public HPV vaccination.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the major cause of cervical cancer, but the prevalence of different HPV types varies depending on geographical location and may change dramatically after introduction of HPV vaccination. Here, we aimed to gain some information regarding the recent prevalence of different HPV types, in cancer of the uterine cervix in the Stockholm region, before the introduction of public HPV vaccination in Sweden.

Material And Methods: From 215 diagnosed cervical cancer patients 2003-2008 at the Karolinska University Hospital, 160 pretreatment cervical cancer samples, including both squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and adenocarcinomas (ADC) could be obtained.