Provider perspectives on caring for patients with limited English proficiency-a national survey of the Society of Gynecologic Oncology.

Background: In diversity, equity and inclusion research, overcoming barriers in language discordant patient care is one of the largest and most challenging gaps. It is well established that patients with limited English proficiency (LEP) have higher rates of misdiagnosis, medical errors, and serious adverse events, and recommended best practices for LEP patient care are often not followed.

Objective: Our team sought to elicit provider perspectives regarding the barriers they face in caring for LEP patients-especially the unique challenges faced when caring for patients with complex and sensitive diagnoses such as gynecologic cancer.

High BMP7 Expression May Worsen Airway Disease in COPD by Altering Epithelial Cell Behavior.

Purpose: Airway disease is the main pathological basis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP7) is a multi-functional growth factor that belongs to the transforming growth factor superfamily, which affects the regulation of proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Previous research has shown that BMP7 is highly expressed in the airway epithelia of patients with COPD, but its role in airway disease has not been fully elucidated.

Identification and Clinical Validation of High HSP60 Expression Predicts Poor Prognosis in Patients with Ovarian Cancer.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) expression in ovarian cancer and evaluate its correlation with patient survival outcomes.

Methods: A total of 260 ovarian cancer patients diagnosed between 2017 and 2019 were enrolled. Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess HSP60 expression in tumor tissues.

Whole-Genome Methylation Sequencing Analysis and Functional Verification of LIM-Homeobox Family Genes in Cervical Cancer.

Background: Gene methylation in cells is an important factor in tumorigenesis, and radiotherapy can change DNA methylation in cells. In this study, complete genome methylation sequencing (BS-Seq) technology was used to analyze the genome-wide methylation of patients with cervical cancer before and after radiotherapy.

Methods: Three pairs of cervical squamous cell carcinoma samples were collected from patients before and after radiotherapy in July 2020.

HBx Facilitates Drug Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma via CD133-regulated Self-renewal of Liver Cancer Stem Cells.

Background And Aims: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection contributes to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumorigenesis, drug resistance, and recurrence, although the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Recent studies suggest that HBV infection may be associated with liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs), but the exact mechanisms are yet to be resolved. In this study, we aimed to analyze the role of HBV infection in regulating the stemness of HCCs, which is closely linked to drug resistance.

Activation of Immune Responses Through the RIG-I Pathway Using TRITC-Dextran Encapsulated Nanoparticles.

Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are highly conserved motifs originating from microorganisms that act as ligands for pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which are crucial for defense against pathogens. Thus, PAMP-mimicking vaccines may induce potent immune activation and provide broad-spectrum protection against microbes. Dextran encapsulation can regulate the surface characteristics of nanoparticles (NPs) and induces their surface modification.

Conservative management of grade 5 renal injury: Case report.

Blunt trauma is a common cause of renal injuries, usually managed conservatively unless there's hemodynamic instability, which warrants surgery. We present a case of a 22-year-old male with isolated Grade 5 renal injury, diagnosed via CT scan after blunt trauma. Despite the severity, he was successfully treated without surgery through conservative management in the ICU, with frequent monitoring and stabilization of his condition.

Partnering With Patients to Improve a Multidisciplinary Sexual Dysfunction Program: A Survey of Patient Experience at a Single Institution.

Background Sexual dysfunction is highly prevalent. The Loyola University Medical Center Sexual Wellness Program (LU-SWP), a multidisciplinary program, uses a biopsychosocial and educational model to collaborate with patients in their treatment. Objective This study aims to examine the reported satisfaction scores for the LU-SWP and its activities based on a patient survey completed at the end of the program.

Endoureteral ablation: A novel technique to occlude the ureter in patients with urinary tract fistulae.

Urinary fistulae are abnormal connections between the urinary system and adjacent body parts, often resulting from factors such as infection, radiation, malignancy, protracted labor, gynecologic surgery, and gastrointestinal tract surgery. These fistulae can lead to persistent urinary incontinence, skin breakdown, social humiliation, psychosocial trauma, and severe infections. Current treatments include surgical repair, urinary diversion, and ureteral embolization, though these can have complications and are not always successful or feasible for all patients.

Epidural Hydroxyethyl Starch in Treatment of Post Epidural Puncture Headache: A Case Series and Literature Reviews.

Background: Post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) is a common complication of obstetric anesthesia. There are still no convenient and effective methods to control the PDPH.

Case Presentation: Three cases of parturients with accidental dural puncture who suffered post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) after labor analgesia or cesarean section.

Too Much of a Good Thing: Updated Current Management and Perinatal Outcomes of Polyhydramnios.

Amniotic fluid assessment is crucial in prenatal ultrasound to monitor fetal conditions, with polyhydramnios, characterized by excessive amniotic fluid, affecting 1%-2% of pregnancies. Polyhydramnios is linked to complications such as placental abruption, preterm labor, congenital anomalies, and postpartum hemorrhage, emphasizing the need for early detection and management. While idiopathic causes account for 60%-70% of cases, other causes include impaired fetal swallowing and increased urine production due to maternal, fetal, and placental conditions.

Comparison of Cerebral Blood Circulation of Fetuses with Congenital Heart Disease with Healthy Fetuses.

Background: The effect of congenital cardiac malformation on fetal cerebral circulation has not been well known. This study aimed to compare the cerebral blood circulation of fetuses with congenital heart disease (CHD) with healthy fetuses.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included 37 pregnant women who presented to the gynecology and obstetrics department of department of Farabi Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University for anomaly screening in the second trimester.

Comparing achievability and reproducibility of pulsed wave doppler and tissue doppler myocardial performance index and spatiotemporal image correlation annular plane systolic excursion in the cardiac function assessment of normal pregnancies.

Objectives: Multiple techniques have been proposed for functional fetal cardiology, including pulsed-wave (PW) and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), Myocardial Performance Index (MPI), annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE/MAPSE) and spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC). We aimed to compare these techniques' achievability and reproducibility to determine their clinical utility for each cardiac side.

Methods: Uncomplicated pregnancies from 22 to 39 weeks were recruited and images and volumes stored for offline analysis.

Current Status of Depression in Patients with Endometriosis and Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Background: Endometriosis often causes chronic pain and fertility issues, exacerbating the risk of depression and complicating conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, which further impacts quality of life. This study aimed to explore the detection rate of depression in patients with endometriosis and rheumatoid arthritis by using different diagnostic criteria, and to analyze the occurrence and influencing factors.

Method: A total of 108 patients with endometriosis combined with rheumatoid arthritis in the First Hospital of Lanzhou University from July 2021 to July 2023 were selected as samples.

Stakeholder Perspectives on the Role of Peer Mentors in the Implementation of Long-Acting Antiretroviral Therapy for Use by Adolescents and Young People in Western Kenya: Findings from a Formative Study, KuwaFree! LiveFree!

Long-acting antiretroviral treatment (LA ART) is a forthcoming option for adolescents and young people living with HIV (AYPLHIV), but perspectives on using peer mentors to implement LA ART for AYPLHIV are unknown. We conducted seven focus group discussions ( = 58 participants) from November 2021 to April 2022 in Kenya with four stakeholder groups, including AYPLHIV, healthcare providers, advocates, and policymakers. We used inductive coding and thematic analysis.

Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in pregnancy.

Dengue infection is emerging as one of the most common tropical diseases globally. It manifests in varying severity from asymptomatic to the most severe forms of the disease, characterized by coagulopathy, increased vascular fragility, and permeability (dengue haemorrhagic fever) that may progress to hypovolaemic shock (dengue shock syndrome). For atypical manifestations, a new terminology known as expanded dengue syndrome (EDS) was introduced.

Assessment of Micronutrient Levels in Pediatric Migraine Patients.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the relationship between attack frequency and severity and serum levels of micronutrient in pediatric migraine patients.

Methods: Children at 2 hospitals from February to December 2022 diagnosed with migraine were reviewed.

Results: A total of 171 patients with a mean age of 14.

Development and validation of a search strategy and an automated classifier for retrieving temporomandibular disorders studies.

The objective was to develop and evaluate a comprehensive search strategy (SS) and automated classifier (AC) for retrieving temporomandibular disorders (TMD) research articles. An initial version of SS and AC was created by compiling terms from various sources, including previous systematic reviews (SRs) and consulting with TMD specialists. Performance was assessed using the relative recall (RR) method against a sample of all the primary studies (PS) included in 100 TMD-related SRs, with RR calculated for both SS and AC based on their ability to capture/classify TMD PSs.

Risk of Cord Entanglement After Iatrogenic Monoamnionicity, With Selective and Solomon Laser Treatment for Twin-To-Twin Transfusion Syndrome in Monochorionic Twin Pregnancies.

Introduction: Fetoscopic laser surgery (FLS) is the gold standard treatment for monochorionic (MC) twin pregnancies complicated by twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS). The aim of our study was to evaluate the rate and risk factors for cord entanglement in the presence of iatrogenic monoamnioticity (iMA), a consequence of inadvertent septostomy during FLS.

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of two consecutive cohorts of FLS performed either using the selective technique from January 2004 to January 2012, or with the Solomon technique, from that date onwards.

Global and Regional Trends in Paediatric Neuroblastoma Incidence and Mortality, 1990-2021: An Inequality and Projection Analysis.

Background: Neuroblastoma stands as the most prevalent extracranial solid tumour in children, yet its epidemiological profile on global, regional, and national scales remains insufficiently explored.

Methods: Long-term trends in the incidence and mortality of paediatric neuroblastoma from 1990 to 2021 were analysed globally, regionally, and nationally using estimated annual percentage changes. Cross-national disparities in the burden of paediatric neuroblastoma were quantified through standard health equity methodologies, with projections of burden shifts extending to 2035.

Perspectives on Abortion Services, the Pre-Abortion Visit, and Telemedicine Abortion: A Qualitative Study in Sweden.

Context: According to Swedish law, abortion treatment should be carried out at an approved healthcare facility. All persons seeking medication abortions are obliged to attend an in-person visit, which includes a gynecological examination, an ultrasound scan, and administration of mifepristone at a hospital/clinic. However, some countries have implemented telemedicine abortion services without the requirement of in-person visits during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Microseparation of Lipophilic and Hydrophilic Metabolites for Single Oocyte Mass Spectrometry Analysis.

Single-cell metabolic analysis has not yet achieved the coverage of bulk analysis due to the diversity of cellular metabolites and the ionization competition among species. Direct ionization methods without separation lead to the masking of low-intensity species. By designing a capillary column emitter and introducing reverse-phase chromatography principles, we achieved the microseparation of lipophilic and hydrophilic metabolites and lowered the limit of detection of hydrophilic metabolites to the level of a single oocyte.

L-Arginine and L-Citrulline for Prevention and Treatment of Pre-Eclampsia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Evidence suggests L-arginine may be effective at reducing pre-eclampsia and related outcomes. However, whether L-arginine can prevent or only treat pre-eclampsia, and thus the target population and timing of initiation, remains unknown.

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of L-arginine and L-citrulline (precursor of L-arginine) on the prevention and treatment of pre-eclampsia.

Dietary sodium intake among youth.

Although there was an overall decreasing trend in the mean sodium intake and excess sodium intake, dietary sodium intake remained suboptimal in US youth.