IMProve-DURA: Investigations of Molecular Patient Profiles and Anatomical Cadaveric Characteristics of the Dura Mater-A Pilot Study Protocol.

Background: The dura mater, a fibrous membrane protecting the brain and spinal cord, is prone to lacerations during spinal surgery, often leading to complications such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage. Anatomical differences in the spinal dura mater, particularly in regions under high biomechanical stress, suggest that chronic inflammatory processes may compromise its structural integrity. This pilot study investigates the molecular and anatomical characteristics of the spinal dura mater, focusing on its response to inflammation and the challenges of surgical repair.

Hsp70 and Calcitonin Receptor Protein in Extracellular Vesicles from Glioblastoma Multiforme: Biomarkers with Putative Roles in Carcinogenesis and Potential for Differentiating Tumor Types.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a malignancy of bad prognosis, and advances in early detection and treatment are needed. GBM is heterogenous, with varieties differing in malignancy within a tumor of a patient and between patients. Means are needed to distinguish these GMB forms, so that specific strategies can be deployed for patient management.

The Management of Intracranial Aneurysms: Current Trends and Future Directions.

Intracranial aneurysms represent a major global health burden. Rupture of an intracranial aneurysm is a catastrophic event. Without access to treatment, the fatality rate is 50% in the first 30 days.

Fluoroscopy-Assisted Freehand Versus 3D-Navigated Imaging-Assisted Pedicle Screw Insertion: A Multicenter Study.

Introduction: Pedicle screw placement is a widely accepted surgical procedure for spinal fixation. Despite increases in knowledge about and expertise in pedicle screw insertion techniques, overall reported screw misplacement rates are still high. Spinal neuronavigation and intraoperative computed tomography (CT) imaging improves the accuracy and safety of pedicle screw placement through the continuous monitoring of screw trajectory.

Multilevel Corpectomy for Subaxial Cervical Spondylodiscitis: Literature Review and Role of Navigation, Intraoperative Imaging and Augmented Reality.

Background: Subaxial cervical spine spondylodiscitis represents a real challenge in spine surgery. In later stages multiple spinal metamers can the interested by the pathological infection and the alteration of the spinal stability leading to spinal deformity. There is scant literature on subaxial cervical spondylodiscitis management and especially on ≥three-level cervical corpectomies.

Use of BoneScalpel Ultrasonic Bone Dissector in Anterior Clinoidectomy and Posterior Fossa Surgery: Technical Note.

BackgroundFirst popularized by Dolenc, anterior clinoidectomies were performed with rongeurs, before the adoption of modern high-speed drills. We describe a novel application of the piezoelectric BoneScalpel™ in anterior skull base and posterior fossa surgeries. In the literature, to date, there are no mentions of anterior clinoidectomies performed with piezosurgical devices.

Brain abscess after meningioma removal caused by infection in an adult.

Background: species are an unusual cause of cerebral abscess in infant. In particular, can invade and replicate in human brain microvascular endothelial cells with a selective neurovirulence, producing ventriculitis and brain abscess mainly in the infant. A delayed brain abscess caused by species in adult patients and after surgery is an occurrence that has not yet been reported in the literature.

Burr hole on polyetheretherketone cranioplasty for the management of chronic subdural hematoma: A case report.

Background: In rare cases, chronic subdural hematoma can be a complication following cranioplasty implantation. Therefore, it can develop spontaneously or after a trauma in the underlying site of a duroplasty and represent, if compression of the brain structures, a life-threatening condition. In case of a patient with cranioplasty in polyetheretherketone (PEEK), performing a burr hole on prosthesis can represent, although unusual, an effective and safe technique for evacuation of the chronic subdural hematoma, avoiding the need to remove the prosthesis itself.

Ossified metaplastic meningiomas: A systematic review on a rare subset of "brain stones".

•Metaplastic meningiomas are rare entities, and intracranial osseous subtype are even more rare.•Gross total resection is considered the best treatment choice.•Differential diagnosis is mandatory, including osteoma, osteoblastoma, and calcified giant aneurysms.

Fluorescein-guided surgery for intradural spinal tumors: A single-center experience.

•Gross total removal has a pivotal role in surgical treatment of intradural spinal tumors.•Sodium fluorescein prevents vascular injuries also preserving pial vessels in posterior myelotomy.•Fluorescence before the durotomy helps to distinguishing tumor from healthy tissue in intradural lesions.

"The Double S" Technique: Subfascial Dissection and Temporalis Muscle Splitting to Prevent Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak and Maximize Surgical Exposure.

Background: Middle cranial fossa surgery commonly is approached either performing a subtemporal or a pterional craniotomy. To maximize a basitemporal region exposure, an adjunctive bone drilling could be required. In these cases, a watertight dura and temporalis muscle closure are mandatory.

Spinal cord compression from cutaneous malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor metastasis in a patient with neurofibromatosis Type 1.

Background: Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF-1) and previous irradiation are two common risk factors that can result in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs), extremely rare soft-tissue sarcomas. Here, a 63-year-old male with NF-1 presented with diffuse spinal metastases from a subcutaneous MPNST.

Case Description: A 63-year-old male with NF-1 presented acutely with paraplegia and urinary incontinence.

Surgical Management of Craniovertebral Junction Schwannomas: A Systematic Review.

Background: Craniovertebral junction (CVJ) schwannomas are rare, with surgery and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) being effective yet challenging options. We systematically reviewed the literature on CVJ schwannomas.

Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Web-of-Science, and Cochrane were searched following the PRISMA statement to include studies reporting CVJ schwannomas.

spinal epidural abscess: A case report and review of the literature.

Aspergillus spinal epidural abscess (ASEA) is a rare entity that may mimic Pott's paraplegia as it commonly affects immunocompromised patients. We present one institutional case of ASEA with concomitant review of the literature. A 58-year-old female presented with intermittent low back pain for 10 years recently aggravated and with concurrent spastic paraparesis, fever, and weight loss.

Extra-Neural Metastases From Primary Intracranial Ependymomas: A Systematic Review.

Background: Primary intracranial ependymomas (IE) are rare brain tumors rarely metastasizing outside the central nervous system. We systematically reviewed the literature on extra-neural metastases from primary IEs.

Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Web-of-Science, and Cochrane were searched following the PRISMA guidelines to include studies of extra-neural metastases from primary IEs.

Primary Intraosseous Osteolytic Meningioma with Aggressive Clinical Behaviour: Clinico-Pathologic Correlation and Proposed New Clinical Classification.

(1) Introduction: Primary intraosseous osteolytic meningiomas (PIOM) are non-dural-based tumors predominantly presenting an osteolytic component with or without hyperostotic reactions. They are a subset of primary extradural meningiomas (PEM). In this study, we present a peculiar case with a systematic literature review and propose a new classification considering the limitations of previous classification systems.

Intracranial Venous Alteration in Patients With Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Protocol for the Prospective and Observational SAH Multicenter Study (SMS).

Background: Arterial vasospasm has been ascribed as the responsible etiology of delayed cerebral infarction in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), but other neurovascular structures may be involved. We present the protocol for a multicenter, prospective, observational study focused on analyzing morphological changes in cerebral veins of patients with aSAH.

Methods And Analysis: In a retrospective arm, we will collect head arterial and venous CT angiograms (CTA) of 50 patients with aSAH and 50 matching healthy controls at days 0-2 and 7-10, comparing morphological venous changes.

Endovascular and Antithrombotic Treatment in Blunt Cerebrovascular Injuries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: Ischemic stroke has been estimated to occur in up to 26% of patients with blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI). Antithrombotic therapy (AT) may be used for stroke prevention, but the role of endovascular treatment (ET) remains unclear. We systematically reviewed the literature on AT and ET for the treatment of patients with BCVIs.

Aneurysmal bone cyst of the spine in adult patients: A systematic review and comparison of primary vs secondary lesions.

Background: Spine aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) rarely occur in adults. Primary and secondary lesions may show some differences and require appropriate treatments.

Objective: To systematically review the literature on adult spine ABCs.

Endocrine disorders after primary gamma knife radiosurgery for pituitary adenomas: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) is feasible for pituitary adenomas, but post-surgery GKRS may cause severe hormone deficits. We reviewed the literature on primary GKRS for pituitary adenoma focusing on radiation-induced hormone deficiencies.

Methods: PubMed, Web-of-Science, Scopus, and Cochrane were searched upon the PRISMA guidelines to include studies describing primary GKRS for pituitary adenomas.

Hypofractionated Gamma Knife Radiosurgery: Institutional Experience on Benign and Malignant Intracranial Tumors.

Background/aim: We investigated the treatment outcomes and complications associated with hypofractionated GKRS for the treatment of benign and malignant intracranial tumors.

Patients And Methods: Patients with intracranial tumors not candidate or refusing surgery were evaluated to assess eligibility to undergo hypofractionated Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS). Targeted volumes were calculated using the GammaPlan workstation, and GKRS protocols were delivered with 3 or 5 daily fractions and a maximal total dose of 25 Gy.

Intradural Cauda Equina Metastases: A Systematic Review of Clinico-radiological Features, Management, and Treatment Outcomes.

Background/aim: Intradural cauda equina metastases (ICEM) are rare tumors that reduce functional status. Surgery and radiation are feasible and effective treatments but may have debilitating complications. We systematically reviewed the literature on ICEMs.