Experience in the diagnosis and treatment of non-invasive bilateral carotid cavernous sinus fistula based on CT image examination.

Carotid cavernous fistula is a rare but clinically important vascular abnormality that is challenging to diagnose and treat. The clinical data of a patient with bilateral carotid cavernous fistula diagnosed by CT images were retrospectively analyzed. Through the analysis of CT images, the patient was accurately located and the diagnosis was confirmed.

Astrocyte-derived clusterin disrupts glial physiology to obstruct remyelination in mouse models of demyelinating diseases.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating demyelinating disease characterized by remyelination failure attributed to inadequate oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) differentiation and aberrant astrogliosis. A comprehensive cell atlas reanalysis of clinical specimens brings to light heightened clusterin (CLU) expression in a specific astrocyte subtype links to active lesions in MS patients. Our investigation reveals elevated astrocytic CLU levels in both active lesions of patient tissues and female murine MS models.

An intratumor bacteria-targeted DNA nanocarrier for multifaceted tumor microenvironment intervention.

Intratumor bacteria, which are involved with complex tumor development mechanisms, can compromise the therapeutic efficiencies of cancer chemotherapeutics. Therefore, the development of anti-tumor agents targeting intratumor bacteria is crucial in overcoming the drug inactivation induced by bacteria colonization. In this study, a double-bundle DNA tetrahedron-based nanocarrier is developed for intratumor bacteria-targeted berberine (Ber) delivery.

Genetic association study of gene variants with chronic kidney disease susceptibility in the Chinese population.

The incidence and mortality of chronic kidney disease (CKD) are increasing globally. Studies have demonstrated the significance of genetic risk factors in the progression of CKD. Telomerase reverse transcriptase () may be implicated in the development of CKD.

Evaluation of whole-brain oxygen metabolism in Alzheimer's disease using QSM and quantitative BOLD.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the whole-brain pattern of oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), cerebral blood flow (CBF), and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen consumption (CMRO) perturbation in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and investigate the relationship between regional cerebral oxygen metabolism and global cognition.

Methods: Twenty-six AD patients and 25 age-matched healthy controls (HC) were prospectively recruited in this study. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to evaluate cognitive status.

HOXD9 is a potential prognostic biomarker involved in immune microenvironment of glioma.

Background: Glioma is the prevailing malignant tumor affecting the brain and central nervous system, constituting over 80% of all malignant brain tumors. HOXD9 has been implicated in the development of glioma, but the specific mechanism of its influence on glioma pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of HOXD9 in glioma and examine the changes in HOXD9 expression during the progression of glioma, thus contributing new insights into the pathogenesis of glioma.

Association of CASZ1 genetic variants with stroke risk in the Chinese population.

Background: Stroke is a heterogeneous disease with multiple etiologies, placing a heavy burden on the world. Our purpose was to clarify the association between CASZ1 genetic variants and stroke risk in the Chinese population.

Methods: The Agena MassARRAY platform effectively genotyped three single nucleotide polymorphisms of CASZ1 in recruited 591 stroke patients and 553 healthy controls.

Comparing a novel Catfish flow restoration device and the Solitaire stent retriever for thrombectomy revascularisation in emergent largevessel occlusion stroke: a prospective randomised controlled study.

Background: The Catfish stent retriever is a newly developed mechanical thrombectomy device for rapid recanalisation in emergent large vessel occlusion (ELVO) stroke. The current trial aimed to assess whether the Catfish stent retriever is non-inferior to the Solitaire stent retriever in terms of outcomes in ELVO stroke.

Methods: This was a randomised, prospective, parallel-group, multicentre, open-label, non-inferiority study conducted at 18 sites in China.

Different monoclonal antibodies and immunosuppressants administration in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Background: A variety of novel monoclonal antibodies and immunosuppressant have been proved effective in treating Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD). This network meta-analysis compared and ranked the efficacy and tolerability of currently used monoclonal antibodies and immunosuppressive agents in NMOSD.

Methods: Electronic database including PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library were searched for relevant studies evaluating monoclonal antibodies and immunosuppressants in patients with NMOSD.

Risk factors for delirium after surgery for craniocerebral injury in the neurosurgical intensive care unit.

Background: Postoperative delirium is common in patients who undergo neurosurgery for craniocerebral injury. However, there is no specific medical test to predict postoperative delirium to date.

Aim: To explore risk factors for postoperative delirium in patients with craniocerebral injury in the neurosurgery intensive care unit (ICU).

lncRNA TUG1 regulates hyperuricemia-induced renal fibrosis in a rat model.

Renal fibrosis is most common among chronic kidney diseases. Molecular studies have shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) participate in renal fibrosis, while the roles of lncRNA taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) and miR-140-3p in hyperuricemia-induced renal fibrosis remain less investigated. In this study, a rat hyperuricemia model is constructed by oral administration of adenine.

Natural killer cell awakening: unleash cancer-immunity cycle against glioblastoma.

Due to the negligence of the complex tumor immune microenvironment, traditional treatment for glioblastoma has reached its limitation and cannot achieve a satisfying outcome in the past decade. The emergence of immunotherapy based on the theory of cancer-immunity cycle has brought a new dawn to glioblastoma patients. However, the results of most phase II and phase III clinical trials are not optimistic due to the simple focus on T cells activation rather than other immune cells involved in anti-tumor immunity.

Increased risk of cerebrovascular mortality in head and neck cancer survivors aged ≥ 65 years treated with definitive radiotherapy: a population-based cohort study.

Background: To investigate the relationship between radiotherapy (RT) and the risk of cerebrovascular mortality (CVM) in head and neck cancer (HNC) survivors aged ≥ 65 years.

Methods: Patients with HNC survivors aged ≥ 65 years diagnosed between 2000 and 2012 were included from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Kaplan-Meier analysis, Log-rank tests, and Cox proportional-hazards regression models were performed for statistical analyses.

Identification and Validation of a Prognostic Immune-Related Alternative Splicing Events Signature for Glioma.

Background: Glioma is the most common malignant brain tumor in adults, with its tumor-promoting immune microenvironment always being intricate to handle with. Amounts of evidence has accumulated to suggest that alternative splicing (AS) is related to tumor immune microenvironment. However, comprehensive analysis of immune-related AS events and their clinical significance are still lacking in glioma.

Tumor-treating fields (TTFields)-based cocktail therapy: a novel blueprint for glioblastoma treatment.

Glioblastoma is one of the most common malignant tumors in the central nervous system. Due to the high plasticity, heterogeneity and complexity of the tumor microenvironment, these tumors are resistant to almost all therapeutic strategies when they reach an advanced stage. Along with being a unique and effective way to kill cancer cells, tumor-treating fields (TTFields) has emerged as a breakthrough among glioblastoma therapies since the advent of temozolomide (TMZ), and the combination of these treatments has gradually been promoted and applied in the clinic.

Radiological model based on the standard magnetic resonance sequences for detecting methylguanine methyltransferase methylation in glioma using texture analysis.

This study aims to build a radiological model based on standard MR sequences for detecting methylguanine methyltransferase (MGMT) methylation in gliomas using texture analysis. A retrospective cross-sectional study was undertaken in a cohort of 53 glioma patients who underwent standard preoperative magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Conventional visual radiographic features and clinical factors were compared between MGMT promoter methylated and unmethylated groups.

A Novel Glucose Metabolism-Related Gene Signature for Overall Survival Prediction in Patients with Glioblastoma.

Introduction: Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most frequent primary intracranial malignancies, with limited treatment options and poor overall survival rates. Alternated glucose metabolism is a key metabolic feature of tumour cells, including GBM cells. However, due to high cellular heterogeneity, accurately predicting the prognosis of GBM patients using a single biomarker is difficult.

Comparison of Radiomics Analyses Based on Different Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sequences in Grading and Molecular Genomic Typing of Glioma.

Objective: To investigate the value of radiomics analyses based on different magnetic resonance (MR) sequences in the noninvasive evaluation of glioma characteristics for the differentiation of low-grade glioma versus high-grade glioma, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)1 mutation versus IDH1 wild-type, and mutation status and 6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation (+) versus MGMT promoter methylation (-) glioma.

Methods: Fifty-nine patients with untreated glioma who underwent a standard 3T-MR tumor protocol were included in the study. A total of 396 radiomics features were extracted from the MR images, with the manually delineated tumor as the volume of interest.

FAM46A expression is elevated in glioblastoma and predicts poor prognosis of patients.

Objective: To study the expression of FAM46A in glioblastoma (GBM) and analyze its significance in predicting the prognosis of patients.

Materials And Methods: mRNA expression and clinical data of patients with GBM were retrieved from ONCOMINE databases and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Immunohistochemistry was performed in a tissue microarray including 110 GBM cases and 12 normal controls to determine the expression of FAM46A protein.

Promotes Malignant Progression of Glioma by Targeting miR-140-5p and Regulating PI3K/AKT Pathway.

Purpose: To explore the regulatory mechanism of long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (SNHG1) in glioma.

Materials And Methods: The expression of SNHG1 and miR-140-5p in glioma tissues and glioma cell lines (LN-18, KNS-81, and KALS-1) was determined, and the effect of the two on cell proliferation, invasion, and PI3K/AKT pathway was analyzed.

Results: SNHG1 was overexpressed in glioma tissues, while miR-140-5p was underexpressed in them, and there was a significant negative correlation between SNHG1 and miR-140-5p.

Organoid models of glioblastoma: advances, applications and challenges.

The high mortality and poor clinical prognosis of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) are concerns for many GBM patients as well as clinicians and researchers. The lack of a preclinical model that can easily be established and accurately recapitulate tumour biology and the tumour microenvironment further complicates GBM research and its clinical translation. GBM organoids (GBOs) are promising high-fidelity models that can be applied to model the disease, develop drugs, establish a living biobank, mimic therapeutic responses and explore personalized therapy.