THBS2 + cancer-associated fibroblasts promote EMT leading to oxaliplatin resistance via COL8A1-mediated PI3K/AKT activation in colorectal cancer.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) exert multiple tumor-promoting functions and are key contributors to drug resistance. The mechanisms by which specific subsets of CAFs facilitate oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer (CRC) have not been fully explored. This study found that THBS2 is positively associated with CAF activation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and chemoresistance at the pan-cancer level.

Adaptation of virtual surgical planning to midface reconstruction with intraoperative navigation: "navigation mediated midface reconstruction".

Objective: The production of 3-dimensional models and materials according to preoperative virtual surgical planning is a time-consuming process and causes high costs. We aimed to demonstrate the navigation mediated reconstruction of the patients who underwent the removal of a tumoral mass in midfacial region according to their preoperatively prepared surgical plannings.

Study Design: Patients who underwent the removal of tumoral mass and reconstruction in their midfacial region were included in the study.

Brain macrophages in vascular health and dysfunction.

Diverse macrophage populations inhabit the rodent and human central nervous system (CNS), including microglia in the parenchyma and border-associated macrophages (BAMs) in the meninges, choroid plexus, and perivascular spaces. These innate immune phagocytes are essential in brain development and maintaining homeostasis, but they also play diverse roles in neurological diseases. In this review, we highlight the emerging roles of CNS macrophages in regulating vascular function in health and disease.

Exploring Pediatric Sutural Variations with 3D CT Imaging: A Retrospective Study at a Tertiary Hospital.

Background: Sutural anatomy variation has long been a topic of debate among anatomists, paleontologists, and morphologists. While the exact reasons for the prevalence of this variance remains a topic of ongoing discussion, developmental and genetic factors are hypothesized to be the main reasons. Understanding the morphology and occurrence of normal sutural variations in pediatric patients is essential to making the right diagnosis, where a misinterpretation of a sutural bone may lead to an inaccurate assessment, completely misleading the diagnostic process.

Hyponatremia incidence after subarachnoid hemorrhage and association with outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Hyponatremia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is common, however the incidence, and association with vasospasm, morbidity, and mortality, has yet to be defined. We aimed to identify incidence of hyponatremia after aSAH, and quantify its association with measurable outcomes.

Methods: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted (PROSPERO ID CRD42022363472).

Non-enhancing margin and pial invasion in MRI can predict IDH status in glioma patients.

Background: The presence of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations and 1p/19q codeletion significantly influences the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with lower-grade gliomas (LGGs). The ability to predict these molecular signatures preoperatively can inform surgical strategies. This study sought to establish an interpretable imaging feature set for predicting molecular signatures and overall survival in LGGs.

Harvey Cushing: France Military Hospital Surgical Unit Head and World War I United States Army Medical Corps Commissioner.

Background: This historical account reviews the course and lasting impact of Dr. Harvey Cushing (1869-1939) in neurosurgery.

Methods: The writing of this project was sparked by the discovery of original scientific and bibliographical information about Cushing.

Molecular biomarkers associated with TBI outcome in individuals of Black racial identity or African ancestry: a narrative review.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide and a major global health concern. In the United States (US), individuals of Black or African American racial identity experience disproportionately higher rates of TBI and suffer from worse post-injury outcomes. Contemporary research agendas have largely overlooked or excluded Black populations, resulting in the continued marginalization of Black patient populations in TBI studies, thereby limiting the generalizability of ongoing research to patients in the US and around the world.

The HR antagonist, JNJ-7777120 treatments ameliorate mild traumatic brain injury by reducing oxidative damage, inflammatory and apoptotic responses through blockage of the ERK1/2/NF-κB pathway in a rat model.

Growing evidence reveals that microglia activation and neuroinflammatory responses trigger cell loss in the brain. Histamine is a critical neurotransmitter and promotes inflammatory responses; thus, the histaminergic system is a potential target for treating neurodegenerative processes. JNJ-7777120, a histamine H4 receptor (HR) antagonist, has been shown to alleviate inflammation, brain damage, and behavioral deficits effectively, but there is no report on its role in brain trauma.

Mitochondrial transplantation reconstructs the oxidative microenvironment within fibroblasts to reverse photoaging.

Fibroblast-mediated oxidative stress is a pivotal factor in the pathogenesis of skin photoaging, predominantly induced by UVA radiation. Diverging from traditional strategies that concentrate on the reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the present study implements mitochondrial transplantation as an innovative therapeutic approach. The objective of this study is to reestablish the oxidative microenvironment and to effectively rejuvenate cellular functionality through the direct introduction of healthy and vibrant mitochondria.

Blood transfusions in craniotomy for tumor resection: Incidence, risk factors, and outcomes.

Background: Blood transfusions (BT) are often needed in neurosurgical procedures, especially craniotomies for tumor resections, due to risks of anemia, ischemic brain injury, and hemorrhage. However, BT may increase the risk of perioperative complications. This study aimed to determine the incidence, associated factors, and outcomes of BT in patients undergoing craniotomy for intracranial tumor resection.