All-Cause, Cardiovascular, and Stroke Mortality Among Foreign-Born Versus US-Born Individuals of African Ancestry.

Background Little is known about the effect of region of origin on all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and stroke mortality among Black individuals. We examined associations between nativity and mortality (all-cause, cardiovascular, and stroke) in Black individuals in the United States. Methods and Results Using the National Health Interview Service 2000 to 2014 data and mortality-linked files through 2015, we identified participants aged 25 to 74 years who self-identified as Black (n=64 717).

Higher baseline levels of CSF inflammation increase risk of incident mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease dementia.

Introduction: Few studies have investigated how neuroinflammation early in the disease course may affect Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression over time despite evidence that neuroinflammation is associated with AD.

Methods: Research participants with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) were included in this study. Cox models were used to investigate whether baseline CSF neuroinflammation was associated with incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or AD.

Beyond the Golden Hour: Treating Acute Stroke in the Platinum 30 Minutes.

Background: To emphasize treatment speed for time-sensitive conditions, emergency medicine has developed not only the concept of the golden hour, but also the platinum half-hour. Patients with acute stroke treated within the first half-hour of onset have not been previously characterized.

Methods: In this cohort study, we analyzed patients enrolled in the FAST-MAG (Field Administration of Stroke Therapy-Magnesium) trial, testing paramedic prehospital start of neuroprotective agent ≤2 hours of onset.

Admission glycemic gap in the assessment of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.

Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most common type of hemorrhagic stroke. Glycemic gap, determined by the difference between glucose and the HbA1c-derived average glucose, predicts poor outcomes in various clinical settings. Our main objective was to evaluate association of some admission factors and outcomes in relation to admission glycemic gap (AGG) in patients with ICH.

Implementation of Targeted Temperature Management After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Observations From the Los Angeles County Regional System.

Background Despite the benefits of targeted temperature management (TTM) for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest), implementation within the United States remains low. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with TTM use in a large, urban-suburban regional system of care. Methods and Results This was a retrospective analysis from the Los Angeles County regional cardiac system of care serving a population of >10 million residents.

Functional dissection of the promoter.

ARGONAUTES are the central effector proteins of RNA silencing which bind target transcripts in a small RNA-guided manner. has 10 () genes, with specialized roles in RNA-directed DNA methylation, post-transcriptional gene silencing, and antiviral defense. To better understand specialization among genes at the level of transcriptional regulation we tested a library of 1497 transcription factors for binding to the promoters of ,, and using yeast 1-hybrid assays.

beta-Amyloid precursor epitopes in muscle fibers of inclusion body myositis.

Sporadic inclusion body myositis (IBM) and hereditary inclusion body myopathy (hIBM) are severe and progressive muscle diseases, characterized pathologically by vacuolated muscle fibers that contain 15- to 21-nm cytoplasmic tubulofilaments (CTFs). Those vacuolated muscle fibers also contain abnormally accumulated ubiquitin and beta-amyloid protein (A beta), and they contain amyloid in beta-pleated sheets as indicated by Congo red and crystal violet positivity. Using several well-characterized antibodies, we have now demonstrated that, in addition to A beta, two other epitopes, N-terminal and C-terminal, of the beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta PP) are abnormally accumulated in IBM vacuolated muscle fibers and similarly in hIBM.

Atrial Fibrillation, Congestive Heart Failure, and the Middle Cerebral Artery.

Atrial fibrillation and congestive heart failure are risk factors for ischemic stroke usually attributed to cardiac embolism. To define potential alternative mechanisms, patients with atrial fibrillation and congestive heart failure were investigated by transcranial Doppler. Middle cerebral artery (MCA) blood flow velocities were analyzed in neurologically asymptomatic patients with nonvalvular (n = 10) and valvular (n = 13) atrial fibrillation, patients in normal sinus rhythm with congestive heart failure (n = 13), and control subjects (n = 11).

The Effect of Hemorheologic Factors on Middle Cerebral Artery Blood Flow Velocity in Young Individuals.

Analysis of the effect of hemorheologic factors on middle cerebral artery (MCA) blood flow velocity in 55 healthy individuals aged 18 to 30 years demonstrated an inverse association between mean MCA blood flow velocity and hematocrit (r = -0.27, p < 0.05).

Effect of Premature Ventricular Contractions on Middle Cerebral Artery Blood Flow Velocity.

The effect of premature ventricular contractions on blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery was studied by transcranial Doppler ultrasonography in 1 0 patients. Velocity during three ectopic beats for each patient was lower than that during the preceding and the following beat in every recording. The decrease in peak velocity was 30.