1,574 results match your criteria: "Department of Neurology Medical Faculty Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf Düsseldorf Germany.[Affiliation]"

Background: Chronic arterial hypertension restructures the vascular architecture of the brain, leading to a series of pathological responses that culminate in cerebral small-vessel disease. Pericytes respond dynamically to vascular challenges; however, how they manifest under the continuous strain of hypertension has not been elucidated.

Methods And Results: In this study, we characterized pericyte behavior alongside hypertensive states in the spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone rat model, focusing on their phenotypic and metabolic transformation.

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A multisite validation of brain white matter pathways of resilience to chronic back pain.

Elife

December 2024

Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.

Chronic back pain (CBP) is a global health concern with significant societal and economic burden. While various predictors of back pain chronicity have been proposed, including demographic and psychosocial factors, neuroimaging studies have pointed to brain characteristics as predictors of CBP. However, large-scale, multisite validation of these predictors is currently lacking.

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Background: Cognitive and neuropsychiatric impairment, known as cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome (CCAS), may be present in cerebellar disorders. This study identified distinct CCAS subtypes in cerebellar patients using cluster analysis.

Methods: The German CCAS-Scale (G-CCAS-S), a brief screening test for CCAS, was assessed in 205 cerebellar patients and 200 healthy controls.

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Objective: In this multicentric study, we were interested in the vision-related quality of life and its association with visual impairment in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) in comparison to multiple sclerosis (MS) and healthy controls.

Methods: We analysed extracted data from the German NEMOS registry including National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ) scores, high and low contrast visual acuity (HCVA, LCVA), visually evoked potentials (VEP) and the scores for the expanded disability status scale (EDSS) and other neurological tests which assessed their disease-related impairment. The mean follow-up time of our patients was 1.

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The development of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) has been highly successful in recent decades. It is now widely accepted that early initiation of DMTs after disease onset is associated with a better long-term prognosis. However, the question of when and how to de-escalate or discontinue DMTs remains open and critical.

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The human hippocampus is a key region in cognitive and emotional processing, but also a vulnerable and plastic region. Accordingly, there is a great interest in understanding how variability in the hippocampus' structure relates to variability in behavior in healthy and clinical populations. In this study, we aimed to link interindividual variability in subregional hippocampal networks (i.

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Giant axonal neuropathy (GAN) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting the peripheral and central nervous system and is caused by bi-allelic variants in the GAN gene, leading to loss of functional gigaxonin protein. A treatment does not exist, but a first clinical trial using a gene therapy approach has recently been completed. Here, we conducted the first systematic study of GAN patients treated by German-speaking child neurologists.

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Background: The majority of people infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) only show mild respiratory symptoms. However, some patients with SARS-CoV-2 display neurological symptoms. Data on the exact prevalence and course of cognitive symptoms are often limited to patient reported outcomes or studies recruited at specialized centers.

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Background: The randomized, phase 2 RENEW trial (NCT01721161) evaluated efficacy/safety of opicinumab (anti-LINGO-1) versus placebo in patients with first-episode unilateral acute optic neuritis (AON). Although no significant differences in the latency recovery of visual evoked potential (VEP) were observed between opicinumab and placebo groups in the intention to treat (ITT) population, the prespecified per-protocol (PP) population showed better recovery with opicinumab than with placebo. RENEWED (NCT02657915) was a one-visit, follow-up study 2 years after the last RENEW study visit (Week 32) designed to assess the long-term electrophysiological and clinical outcomes for participants previously enrolled and having received study treatment in RENEW.

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Background: Glioma, the most prevalent primary brain tumor, poses challenges in prognosis, particularly in the high-grade subclass, despite advanced treatments. The recent shift in tumor classification underscores the crucial role of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation status in the clinical care of glioma patients. However, conventional methods for determining IDH status, including biopsy, have limitations.

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Background: Quantification of Amyloid beta (Aβ) oligomers in plasma enables early diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and improves our understanding of underlying pathologies. However, quantification necessitates an extremely sensitive and selective technology because of very low Aβ oligomer concentrations and possible interference from matrix components.

Methods: In this report, we developed and validated a surface-based fluorescence distribution analysis (sFIDA) assay for quantification of Aβ oligomers in plasma.

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Background: Pain is the leading cause of disability and reduced quality of life worldwide. Despite the increasing burden for patients and healthcare systems, pain research remains underfunded and under focused. Having stakeholders identify and prioritize areas that need urgent attention in the field will help focus funding topics, reduce 'research waste', improve the effectiveness of pain research and therapy and promote the uptake of research evidence.

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Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a highly fatal and morbid disease. Despite successful coiling or clipping of a ruptured aneurysm, the patients suffer post-aSAH complications, including early brain injury, cerebral vasospasm (CVS), delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI), and systemic infections that mainly determine the clinical outcomes. Diagnostic biomarkers to predict accurately post-aSAH complications are needed.

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An integrative TAD catalog in lymphoblastoid cell lines discloses the functional impact of deletions and insertions in human genomes.

Genome Res

December 2024

Department of Computer and Information Sciences, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA;

The human genome is packaged within a three-dimensional (3D) nucleus and organized into structural units known as compartments, topologically associating domains (TADs), and loops. TAD boundaries, separating adjacent TADs, have been found to be well conserved across mammalian species and more evolutionarily constrained than TADs themselves. Recent studies show that structural variants (SVs) can modify 3D genomes through the disruption of TADs, which play an essential role in insulating genes from outside regulatory elements' aberrant regulation.

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Ocrelizumab in Early-Stage Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: The Phase IIIb ENSEMBLE 4-Year, Single-Arm, Open-Label Trial.

Neurology

December 2024

From the Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), UKD, Centre of Neurology and Neuropsychiatry and LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Brain and Mind Centre (H.-P.H.), University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Neurology (H.-P.H.), Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic; Department of Neurology (R.H.B.B.), Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Buffalo, NY; Department of Neurology (T.B.), Medical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Austria; Mellen Center for MS (R.A.B.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Neurocentre Magendie INSERM (B.B.), Université de Bordeaux, France; Department of Neurology (W.M.C.), Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands; Department of Medicine and the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (M.S.F.), University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (T.H.), Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog; Institute of Clinical Medicine (T.H.), University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (R.K.), Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre d'Esclerosi Mútiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (C.N.), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, Neuroscience Section and Multiple Sclerosis Centre, University of Catania PO Policlinico G Rodolico, Italy; Loyola University Chicago (A.P.R.), IL; Department of Neurology (L.V.), AZ Sint-Jan Brugge-Oostende, Belgium; Department of Neurology (T.V.), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora; Medical Image Analysis Center (MIAC AG) (J.W.), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel; F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (J.W., S.C., K.K., T.K., I.K., C.R., G.-A.T.), Basel, Switzerland; and Department of Neurology (J.K.), VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Background And Objectives: Early treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) reduces disease activity and the risk of long-term disease progression. Effectiveness of ocrelizumab is established in relapsing MS (RMS); however, data in early RMS are lacking. We evaluated the 4-year effectiveness and safety of ocrelizumab as a first-line therapy in treatment-naive patients with recently diagnosed relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS).

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Aims: Alterations in sleep timing can lead to disturbances in glycaemic control, although the evidence is inconsistent. Therefore, this systematic review summarizes results from human intervention studies of altered sleep timing on glycaemic outcomes.

Materials And Methods: As part of a broader search on the effect of altering timing of sleep, physical activity and dietary intake, Medline and Embase were searched from inception to February 2023, and subsequent reference searches were done.

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Prehospital telemedicine support for urban stroke care: Analysis of current state of care and conceptualization.

BMC Emerg Med

November 2024

Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.

Background: The reduction of processing times in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke is of outstanding importance. Our objective is to analyze the acute stroke care chain from onset to treatment in a city in Germany comprising three stroke units. Additionally, we discuss solutions for detected treatment delays.

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Scientific discoveries often hinge on synthesizing decades of research, a task that potentially outstrips human information processing capacities. Large language models (LLMs) offer a solution. LLMs trained on the vast scientific literature could potentially integrate noisy yet interrelated findings to forecast novel results better than human experts.

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Increased Disability Progression in rs10191329 Carriers with Multiple Sclerosis Is Preceded by Neurofilament Light Chain Elevations.

Ann Neurol

November 2024

Department of Neurology, Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI) and Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Rhine-Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.

Objective: We examined the impact of the rs10191329 genetic risk variant on neuroaxonal damage as measured by serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) levels, and disability progression in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS).

Methods: In a cohort of pwMS (n = 740), 658 participants were prospectively monitored every 2 years for less than a decade while 82 of 740 pwMS were monitored retrospectively for up to 40 years. We investigated associations between rs10191329 variants and clinical outcome, including Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), disability accrual (defined by EDSS-increase of at least 1.

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Article Synopsis
  • Advancements in molecular engineering have led to the development of CAR T-cell therapy, showing potential for treating various neurological disorders, including brain tumors and autoimmune conditions.
  • Although initial human trials for treating glioblastoma have had limited success, animal studies show promise for other conditions like multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders.
  • Innovative strategies using modified CAR T cells targeting autoreactive B cells are showing potential for treating autoimmune encephalitis, suggesting a hopeful future for CAR T-cell applications in neurology.
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Article Synopsis
  • B-cell-depletion with CD20 antibodies, specifically ocrelizumab (OCR) and ofatumumab (OFA), is an effective treatment for relapsing multiple sclerosis (RMS), but their comparative effectiveness in real-world settings was previously unknown.
  • A cohort study involving 1,138 RMS patients was conducted in Germany, using propensity-score matching to compare the outcomes of OCR and OFA treatment, focusing on clinical relapses, MRI lesion changes, and disability progression.
  • Results showed that OFA was non-inferior to OCR in overall effectiveness, but differences were noted in patients switching from other therapies, highlighting the need for more research on these specific cases.
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The human cerebral cortex shows hemispheric asymmetry, yet the microstructural basis of this asymmetry remains incompletely understood. Here, we probe layer-specific microstructural asymmetry using one post-mortem male brain. Overall, anterior and posterior regions show leftward and rightward asymmetry respectively, but this pattern varies across cortical layers.

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Meningiomas are the most common primary intracranial tumors of adults. For meningiomas that progress or recur despite surgical resection and radiotherapy, additional treatment options are limited due to lack of proven efficacy. Meningiomas show recurring molecular aberrations, which may serve as predictive markers for systemic pharmacotherapies with targeted drugs or immunotherapy, radiotherapy or radioligand therapy.

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Gliomas are the most common parenchymal tumors of the central nervous system (CNS). With regard to their still unclear etiology, several recent studies have provided evidence of a new category of pathogenic elements called human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) which seem to contribute to the evolution and progression of many neurological diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), schizophrenia, chronic inflammatory polyneuropathy (CIDP) and, particularly, multiple sclerosis (MS). In these diseases, HERVs exert effects on cellular processes such as inflammation, proliferation, and migration.

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