Headache in epilepsy: A prospective observational study.

Objective: To assess the frequency and characteristics of interictal and postictal headaches (using International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition criteria) in a population of patients with epilepsy admitted to the Mayo Clinic Rochester epilepsy monitoring unit and assess their localizing value.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Participants were voluntarily recruited upon admission to the epilepsy monitoring unit.

Contrast Acuity With Different Colors in Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Abnormal color vision and contrast acuity may have significant impact on daily activities.

Objective: Evaluate color visual acuity, at high and low contrast, in Parkinson's disease (PD) and controls using an iPad application.

Methods: Color visual acuity was tested with the Variable Contrast Acuity Chart (King-Devick Test LLC, Oakbrook Terrace, IL) on an iPad 2 at 40 cms using five colors (red, green, blue, yellow, and black) at low (2.

An Evaluation of the Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Speech/Language Variant.

Background: The Movement Disorder Society clinical criteria for progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) provide a framework for assessing the presence/severity of clinical symptoms and define a speech/language variant of PSP.

Objectives: To evaluate the clinical criteria in a cohort of speech/language patients with longitudinal follow-up.

Methods: A total of 52 patients presenting with progressive apraxia of speech and/or agrammatic aphasia were followed longitudinally for up to 6 visits with clinical assessments and magnetic resonance imaging.

Utility of the Movement Disorders Society Criteria for Progressive Supranuclear Palsy in Clinical Practice.

Objectives: When the 2017 Movement Disorders Society Criteria for progressive supranuclear palsy is applied, patients may appear to have multiple phenotypes. The maximum allocation extinction rules were developed to provide a consistent method for applying the criteria and reaching a single diagnostic label. In this study, we apply both to a neuropathologic cohort of progressive supranuclear palsy and other parkinsonian conditions.

Investigation of white matter PiB uptake as a marker of white matter integrity.

Objective: To investigate the associations of Pittsburgh compound-B (PiB) uptake in white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and normal appearing white matter (NAWM) with white matter (WM) integrity measured with DTI and cognitive function in cognitively unimpaired older adults.

Methods: Cognitively unimpaired older adults from the population-based Mayo Clinic Study of Aging ( = 537, age 65-95) who underwent both PiB PET and DTI were included. The associations of WM PiB standard uptake value ratio (SUVr) with fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) in the WMH and NAWM were tested after adjusting for age.

Developmental delay, coarse facial features, and epilepsy in a patient with gene variants.

We report a patient with developmental delay, autism, epilepsy, macrocephaly, facial dysmorphism, gastrointestinal, and behavioral issues due to compound heterozygous likely pathogenic variants. This case report expands the gene mutation database and the clinical spectrum of patients with deficiencies in the heparan sulfate pathway.

Frequency and predictors of the potential overprescribing of antidepressants in elderly residents of a geographically defined U.S. population.

The purpose of this study was to estimate the extent of potential antidepressant overprescribing in a geographically defined U.S. population, and to determine the indications and factors that account for it.

Central Arterial Stiffness Is Associated With Structural Brain Damage and Poorer Cognitive Performance: The ARIC Study.

Background Central arterial stiffening and increased pulsatility, with consequent cerebral hypoperfusion, may result in structural brain damage and cognitive impairment. Methods and Results We analyzed a cross-sectional sample of ARIC - NCS (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities-Neurocognitive Study) participants (aged 67-90 years, 60% women) with measures of cognition (n=3703) and brain magnetic resonance imaging (n=1255). Central arterial hemodynamics were assessed as carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and pressure pulsatility (central pulse pressure).

Prevalence and Clinical Factors of Migraine in Patients With Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection.

Background Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a cause of acute coronary syndrome predominantly in women without usual cardiovascular risk factors. Many have a history of migraine headaches, but this association is poorly understood. This study aimed to determine migraine prevalence among SCAD patients and assess differences in clinical factors based on migraine history.

Are Clinical Certainty Ratings Helpful in the Diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease?

Background: Clinical diagnostic criteria for PD rely on rest tremor, bradykinesia, and rigidity. These features are non-specific and neuropathological confirmation remains the gold standard for diagnosis. This study presents data on clinical certainty ratings in autopsy-proven PD.

Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers predict frontotemporal dementia trajectory.

Objective: The prognostic value of cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light chain, total tau, phosphorylated tau, and amyloid beta was examined in frontotemporal dementia subtypes.

Methods: We compared baseline biomarkers between 49 controls, 40 patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia, 24 with semantic variant primary progressive aphasia, and 26 with nonfluent variant primary progressive aphasia. Linear mixed effect models were used to assess the value of baseline biomarkers in predicting clinical and radiographic change in patient cohorts over multiple yearly follow up visits.

Physiological and pathological high frequency oscillations in focal epilepsy.

Objective: This study investigates high-frequency oscillations (HFOs; 65-600 Hz) as a biomarker of epileptogenic brain and explores three barriers to their clinical translation: (1) Distinguishing pathological HFOs (pathHFO) from physiological HFOs (physHFO). (2) Classifying tissue under individual electrodes as epileptogenic (3) Reproducing results across laboratories.

Methods: We recorded HFOs using intracranial EEG (iEEG) in 90 patients with focal epilepsy and 11 patients without epilepsy.

Antiepileptic drug therapy in autoimmune epilepsy associated with antibodies targeting the leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein 1.

Objective: To characterize seizure semiology and the utility of antiepileptic drug (AED) therapy in leucine-rich glioma inactivated-1 ( LGI1-Ab) autoimmune epilepsy (AE).

Methods: Patients with voltage-gated potassium channel complex (VGKCc) titers higher than 0.02 nmol/L who were evaluated between May 2008 and June 2016 at the 3 Mayo Clinic sites (Arizona, Florida, or Minnesota) were identified.

F-FDG PET-CT pattern in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus.

Background: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is an important and treatable cause of neurologic impairment. Diagnosis is complicated due to symptoms overlapping with other age related disorders. The pathophysiology underlying iNPH is not well understood.

Impact of a History of Hypertension in Pregnancy on Later Diagnosis of Atrial Fibrillation.

Background: Atrial fibrillation/flutter (AF) produces significant morbidity in women and is typically attributed to cardiac remodeling from multiple causes, particularly hypertension. Hypertensive pregnancy disorders (HPDs) are associated with future hypertension and adverse cardiac remodeling. We evaluated whether women with AF were more likely to have experienced a HPD compared with those without.

Frequent sleep-related bitemporal focal seizures in transient epileptic amnesia syndrome: Evidence from ictal video-EEG.

Two patients who shared similar presenting clinical features of anterograde and retrograde autobiographical amnesia typical of transient epileptic amnesia (TEA) underwent prolonged video electroencephalogram (VEEG) monitoring and were found to have sleep-activated epileptiform activity and frequent subclinical bitemporal seizures predominantly during sleep. Case 1 is a 59-year-old woman whose presenting complaint was memory impairment. Over 18 months, she had three distinct 8-h-long episodes of confusion and disorientation with persistent anterograde and retrograde autobiographical amnesia.

Clinicopathological and I-FP-CIT SPECT correlations in patients with dementia.

The relationship between clinicopathologic diagnosis and I-FP-CIT SPECT in 18 patients with dementia (12 with Lewy body disease) from one center in the United States was assessed. The sensitivity and specificity of abnormal I-FP-CIT SPECT with reduced striatal uptake on visual inspection for predicting Lewy body disease were 91.7% and 83.

Retrograde interferon-gamma signaling induces major histocompatibility class I expression in human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons.

Objective: Injury-associated axon-intrinsic signals are thought to underlie pathogenesis and progression in many neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). Retrograde interferon gamma (IFN ) signals are known to induce expression of major histocompatibility class I (MHC I) genes in murine axons, thereby increasing the susceptibility of these axons to attack by antigen-specific CD8 T cells. We sought to determine whether the same is true in human neurons.

Co-occurrence of a novel variant and likely pathogenic variant in in an individual with extensive intracranial calcifications and hypocalcaemia.

This case report describes an individual with brain calcifications, cognitive decline, motor dysfunction, and hypocalcaemia. Exome sequencing revealed a previously reported variant in the gene and a variant of uncertain significance in . The clinical phenotype is likely explained by the variant, but we discuss how the variant could also participate in the phenotype.