113 results match your criteria: "Department of Medicine University of California San Francisco[Affiliation]"
Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major risk factor for mortality. The prevalence, clinical correlates, and prognostic impact of AF in Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) have not yet been investigated in a large patient cohort. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, clinical correlates, and prognostic impact of AF in patients with TTS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFuture Oncol
September 2021
Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
NKTR-255 is an investigational polyethylene glycol-modified recombinant human IL-15 (rhIL-15) receptor agonist, designed to improve the immunotherapeutic and anti-cancer benefit observed with rhIL-15 while circumventing the toxicities associated with this therapy. In preclinical studies, NKTR-255 has demonstrated enhanced proliferation and function of CD8 T cells and natural killer cells, as well as enhanced anti-tumor activity and survival both as monotherapy and in combination with monoclonal antibodies in multiple cancer models. Here, we describe the rationale and design of the first-in-human Phase I, dose-escalation and dose-expansion study of NKTR-255 alone and in combination with daratumumab or rituximab in adults with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that will determine the maximum tolerated dose and recommended Phase II dose for NKTR-255.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: This study investigated the extent to which subjective and objective data from an online registry can be analyzed using machine learning methodologies to predict the current brain amyloid beta (Aβ) status of registry participants.
Methods: We developed and optimized machine learning models using data from up to 664 registry participants. Models were assessed on their ability to predict Aβ positivity using the results of positron emission tomography as ground truth.
Background Although ≈70% of the world's population of people living with HIV reside in sub-Saharan Africa, there are minimal prospective data on the contributions of HIV infection to atherosclerosis in the region. Methods and Results We conducted a prospective observational cohort study of people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy >40 years of age in rural Uganda, along with population-based comparators not infected with HIV. We collected data on cardiovascular disease risk factors and carotid ultrasound measurements annually.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground Many adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) are cared for by non-ACHD specialists, if they receive care at all. Little is known about the differences between those who access care at an ACHD center and those who do not access ACHD-specific care. Methods and Results The Oregon All Payer All Claims database was queried to identify subjects aged 18 to 65 years with an () code consistent with ACHD from 2010 to 2015.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Respir Cell Mol Biol
September 2021
Department of Medicine University of California San Francisco San Francisco, California.
Elderly persons with currently normal cognition who have cerebral hypometabolism as shown by low uptake of fluorine-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG), are at risk of future loss of cognition and, thus, of future Alzheimer's dementia (AD). Reduction of either F-FDG or cognition is assumed to reflect synaptic dysfunction, since synapses account for the majority of glucose use by the brain and cognition depends upon accurate synaptic function. The chronology of the connection between reduced cerebral synaptic function and hypometabolism is, therefore, a critical question, because if synaptic dysfunction came first, then correcting the hypometabolism would likely not benefit synaptic function; but if hypometabolism came first, then correcting the hypometabolism probably would benefit synaptic function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are increasingly used to prevent and treat thromboembolism. Although measurement of DOAC concentrations is not currently recommended as part of routine patient care, measurement of DOAC concentrations with anti-factor Xa activity assays have recently become clinically available.
Objectives: Our goal was to determine the clinical conditions under which DOAC concentration measurements are requested.
Background We previously showed that levels of prebeta-1 high-density lipoprotein (HDL), the principal acceptor of cholesterol effluxed from cells, including artery wall macrophages, are positively associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) and myocardial infarction (MI) risk. Methods and Results In a multiethnic follow-up cohort of 1249 individuals from University of California-San Francisco clinics, we determined the degree to which prebeta-1 HDL levels, both absolute and percentage of apolipoprotein AI, are associated with CHD and history of MI. Independent, strong, positive associations were found.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn a recent multicenter analysis, long geographic distances predicted loss to follow-up (LTF) among allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) survivors. We hypothesized that lower frequencies of patient interactions (including in-person appointments and telemedicine encounters) would predict LTF rather than long driving distances. However, in our retrospective single-center analysis of 263 HCT survivors, the only predictors of LTF were residence in the furthest driving-distance quartile and Medicaid insurance (but not annualized frequencies of patient interactions).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Heart Assoc
February 2021
The free hormone hypothesis postulates that only the nonbound fraction (the free fraction) of hormones that otherwise circulate in blood bound to their carrier proteins is able to enter cells and exert biologic effects. In this review, I will examine four hormone groups-vitamin D metabolites (especially 25OHD), thyroid hormones (especially thyroxine [T4]), sex steroids (especially testosterone), and glucocorticoids (especially cortisol)-that are bound to various degrees to their respective binding proteins-vitamin D-binding protein (DBP), thyroid-binding globulin (TBG), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and cortisol-binding globulin (CBG)-for which a strong case can be made that measurement of the free hormone level provides a better assessment of hormonal status than the measurement of total hormonal levels under conditions in which the binding proteins are affected in levels or affinities for the hormones to which they bind. I will discuss the rationale for this argument based on the free hormone hypothesis, discuss potential exceptions to the free hormone hypothesis, and review functions of the binding proteins that may be independent of their transport role.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMultiple myeloma patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) may receive benzodiazepine or zolpidem-class (B/Z) medications despite their risks in older patients. Of 205 myeloma patients (36% aged 65+) who underwent ASCT at our institution between 2017 and 2018, we found that B/Z prescription rates for anxiety/insomnia rose significantly from 26% before ASCT to 38% at discharge and 39% at Day +100. B/Z initiation while hospitalized was a strong predictor of B/Z persistence at Day +100.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInflamm Bowel Dis
October 2021
Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Background: Identifying biologic-treated patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) at higher risk of serious infections is a priority. We conducted a retrospective cohort study evaluating frailty and risk of serious infections in biologic-treated patients with IBD.
Methods: Using an administrative claims database, we identified biologic-treated patients with IBD between 2014 and 2018 with follow-up 1 year before and after treatment initiation.
J Am Heart Assoc
December 2020
Background Cardiovascular safety is an important consideration regarding the benefits versus risks of electronic cigarette use (EC) for public health. The single-use cardiovascular effects of EC have been well studied but may not reflect effects of ad libitum use throughout the day. We aimed to compare the circadian hemodynamic effects as well as 24-hour biomarkers of oxidative stress, and platelet aggregation and inflammation, with ad libitum cigarette smoking (CS) versus EC versus no tobacco product use.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement (N Y)
October 2020
Professor of Clinical Medicine, Department of Medicine University of California San Francisco California USA.
In the process that eventuates in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and ultimately in Alzheimer's dementia, the earliest identifiable change is in the function of synapses. If started at that early point in time, when there is subjective but not objective memory loss plus abnormal brain imaging with fluorodeoxyglucose and Pittsburgh compound B, treatment with a single drug directed at synaptic dysfunction might prevent development of cognitive impairment. Each of four drugs, dantrolene, lithium, minocycline, and piracetam, benefits synaptic impairment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement (Amst)
September 2020
Introduction: This study aimed to predict brain amyloid beta (Aβ) status in older adults using collected information from an online registry focused on cognitive aging.
Methods: Aβ positron emission tomography (PET) was obtained from multiple in-clinic studies. Using logistic regression, we predicted Aβ using self-report variables collected in the Brain Health Registry in 634 participants, as well as a subsample (N = 533) identified as either cognitively unimpaired (CU) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
J Am Heart Assoc
September 2020
Background Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scans can help reclassify risk and guide patient-clinician shared treatment decisions for cardiovascular disease prevention. Patients increasingly access online patient educational materials (OPEMs) to guide medical decision-making. The American Medical Association (AMA) recommends that OPEMs should be written below a 6th-grade reading level.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Heart Assoc
September 2020
Background high-risk genotypes are associated with increased risk for hypertension-attributed kidney disease among Black adults in the United States. Biopsy studies show differences in kidney vasculature by status; less is known about the variants' associations with systemic vascular and endothelial function. Whether risk variants are associated with blood pressure (BP) is also uncertain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground The Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) is a measure of heart failure (HF) health status. Worse KCCQ scores are common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), even without diagnosed heart failure (HF). Elevations in the cardiac biomarkers GDF-15 (growth differentiation factor-15), galectin-3, sST2 (soluble suppression of tumorigenesis-2), hsTnT (high-sensitivity troponin T), and NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) likely reflect subclinical HF in CKD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement (N Y)
May 2020
Introduction: This study aimed to identify the relationship of sociodemographic variables with older adults participation in an online registry for recruitment and longitudinal assessment in cognitive aging.
Methods: Using Brain Health Registry (BHR) data, associations between sociodemographic variables (sex, race, ethnicity, education) and registry participation outcomes (task completion, willingness to participate in future studies, referral/enrollment in other studies) were examined in adults aged 55+ (N = 35,919) using logistic regression. All models included sex, race, ethnicity, education, age, and subjective memory concern.
If it is correct that ineffective levels of transforming growth factors beta and their receptor account for old age being a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), then increasing TGFBR2 might be therapeutic. Pacltaxel is a direct way to increase TGFBR2 levels. Indirect ways that will increase TGFBR2, include decreasing the levels of c-myc because that will lower the miRNA cluster 17-92, particularly its miR-17 and miR-20a components; and raising EGFR because that also will increase TGFBR2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe disease burden associated with air pollution continues to grow. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates ≈7 million people worldwide die yearly from exposure to polluted air, half of which-3.3 million-are attributable to cardiovascular disease (CVD), greater than from major modifiable CVD risks including smoking, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus.
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