Hemorrhagic Complications in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Case of Rapid Hematoma Formation.

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (pNET) is a rare condition which may present with abdominal pain, dyspepsia, and jaundice. pNETs that do not produce hormones are considered non-functioning and are associated with morbidity through metastasis to nearby organs or mass effect. Metastatic pNET lesions have a propensity to bleed and may lead to significant hemorrhage.

Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage Linked to Hydralazine.

Hydralazine, a commonly prescribed vasodilator for hypertension, is associated with adverse effects such as vasculitis, glomerulonephritis, and drug-induced lupus. We present a rare case of hydralazine-induced diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) in a 74-year-old male with a history of hypertension. The patient was admitted with symptoms including hemoptysis, dyspnea, and dark urine.

Hypertrophic Pulmonary Osteoarthropathy - An Overlooked Clue of Lung Cancer.

Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (HOA) is a syndrome that presents with classic findings of digital clubbing, arthralgia, and periostosis of tubular bones. When HOA is associated with pulmonary pathologies such as lung malignancies, it is referred to as hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy (HPOA). We present a case of an elderly woman who presents with significant pain in both hands and was eventually diagnosed with lung malignancy.

A functional macrophage migration inhibitory factor promoter polymorphism is associated with reduced diffusing capacity.

Cigarette smoke exposure is the leading modifiable risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); however, the clinical and pathologic consequences of chronic cigarette smoke exposure are variable among smokers. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pleiotropic cytokine implicated in the pathogenesis of COPD. Within the promoter of the MIF gene is a functional polymorphism that regulates MIF expression (-794 CATT microsatellite repeat) ( rs5844572 ).

Subgroup analyses of randomized clinical trials in heart failure: facts and numbers.

Subgroup analyses of major randomized clinical trials in heart failure are published frequently, but their impact on medical knowledge and practice guidelines has not been previously reported. In a novel analysis, we determined number of citations, impact factors, number of authors, and citations in guidelines of both parent trials and sub-studies; we also qualitatively assessed whether the analyses were described as post-hoc and non-pre-specified. A total of 229 sub-studies evaluating outcomes in patient subgroups were published (median 6, range 0-36 per trial).