Patient Journey to Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis Diagnosis - A Japanese Claims Database Study.

Background: Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) is an under-recognized cause of heart failure (HF) in older adults. Delayed ATTR-CM diagnosis may result in more advanced symptoms. This study describes the journey of Japanese patients with ATTR-CM.

Long-term follow up from the Harvard Alumni Health Study: collegiate sport participation in males is associated with higher physical activity throughout midlife.

Objective: To compare physical activity (PA) over midlife between (1) former collegiate athletes and non-athletes and (2) among athletes in different sports.

Methods: The Harvard Alumni Health Study (HAHS) is a prospective cohort study of male undergraduates who completed serial questionnaires regarding PA and health status between 1962 and 1993. PA was categorised by intensity (<3 METs, light; 3 to <6 METs, moderate; ≥6 METs, vigorous), and energy expenditure (kilocalories (kcal)/week) was estimated at each intensity and in total.

Low-coverage whole genome sequencing of low-grade dysplasia strongly predicts advanced neoplasia risk in ulcerative colitis.

Background: The risk of developing advanced neoplasia (AN; colorectal cancer and/or high-grade dysplasia) in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients with a low-grade dysplasia (LGD) lesion is variable and difficult to predict. This is a major challenge for effective clinical management.

Objective: We aimed to provide accurate AN risk stratification in UC patients with LGD.

Scabies increasing incidence in Bologna from 2013 to 2024: a retrospective analysis.

Objectives: Scabies infestation, caused by the mite, has recently emerged as a public health concern in Western nations, with increased incidence worldwide. In Bologna, Italy, local health authorities report a rise in scabies diagnoses, although detailed data are limited. This study aimed to analyse the temporal trends of scabies cases diagnosed at S.

Dual-OR Logic-Gated Lateral Flow Strip Assay Based on Colorimetric-Fluorescence Dual Indication for Screening of HPV16/18 in Multiple Scenarios.

The incidence of cervical cancer continues to rise in underdeveloped regions due to low human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates and inadequate screening systems. To achieve convenient, rapid, and accurate detection of HPV, we developed a three-wire lateral flow strip assay system based on dual-OR logic gates for rapid and simultaneous detection of HPV subtypes 16 and 18 in a single test. The system combines three-branch-catalytic hairpin assembly (TCHA)-mediated signal amplification with simple OR logic gate-based signal output to improve detection rates while enabling HPV 16/18 subtype identification.

Prognostic Value of Coronary Angiography-Derived Index of Microcirculatory Resistance in Patients With Intermediate Coronary Stenosis.

Background: The association between coronary microcirculation and clinical outcomes in patients with intermediate stenosis remains unclear.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic significance of angiography-derived index of microcirculatory resistance (angio-IMR) in patients with intermediate coronary stenosis.

Methods: This post hoc analysis included 1,658 patients from the FLAVOUR (Fractional Flow Reserve and Intravascular Ultrasound for Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Intermediate Stenosis) trial, with angio-IMR measured in each vessel exhibiting intermediate stenosis.

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and the Mental Burden Resulting from the Dobbs Decision.

The obstetrics and mental health care fields have significant crossover. Women with unintended, undesired, or medically complex pregnancies are at greater risk of adverse mental health outcomes, which have the capacity to create long-lasting and intergenerational ripple effects within their larger family unit. Given the frequency with which women seek pregnancy terminations, the numerous factors that influence care accessibility, and the serious repercussions that stem from insufficient use of evidence-based care surrounding pregnancy termination, women are at risk of experiencing a range of mental health outcomes based on their experiences around pregnancy termination.

Use of Telehealth as an Adjunct to Conventional Mental Health Care.

The lack of resources for mental health diagnosis and treatment contributes greatly to maternal morbidity and mortality. Social and cultural barriers, along with the impact of social determinants of health create burdens that prevent mothers from accessing care and treatment. Telehealth care improves access and is widely accepted by clinicians, patients, and their families by reducing need for in person visits, providing privacy, and decreasing costs.

Mental Well-being in Menopause.

The hormonal changes that accompany the transition to menopause are disruptive to most women, and for some, mental health maybe adversely affected. Depressive symptoms and major depression are the best-studied conditions in association with menopause, but anxiety, executive function, and comorbid pre-existing psychiatric conditions all influence the symptomatology that women will experience during this phase of their lives. The epidemiology, diagnosis, and evidence-based treatment guidelines for perimenopausal patients are discussed.

Preventable Maternal Mortality -Diagnosis and Management of Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders.

Maternal mortality has increased over past decades. The majority of deaths are secondary to mental health and substance use disorders, with over 80% being preventable. Screening for mental health should be offered to all pregnant women and should be administered through all trimesters and postpartum.

Mental Health Aspects of Genetic Screening and Testing in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Availability of genetic testing and screening options has advanced significantly, and increasingly becoming included in obstetric (OB) and gynecologic practices. Advanced technologies have caused genetic screening to become more complex. Genetic screening is recommended for all pregnant patients and is routinely offered in OBs and gynecology.

Perinatal Mood and Anxiety Disorders: Evidence-Based Approaches to Screening and Management During Pregnancy and Postpartum.

This is a review of the existing literature and guidelines for the screening, management, and follow-up of perinatal mood and anxiety disorders, with a focus on major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder.

Depression and Other Mood Disorders Across the Lifespan: Roles of the Obstetrician-Gynecologist.

Mood disorders such as depressive or bipolar disorders are more common among women. This review provides the fundamentals of diagnosing and treating mood disorders throughout a woman's lifespan. The etiology of mood disorders is not well-understood, but genetic, social, environmental, and neurobiologic factors play roles.

Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Hemodialysis: An International, Multicentric Registry.

Background: The net benefit of oral anticoagulation in patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis (HD) is uncertain. In recent years, left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) has emerged as an alternative to oral anticoagulation; however, there is scant evidence of LAAC in patients on HD.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the feasibility and safety of LAAC in patients on HD.

Characterization and Localization of Focal Atrial Tachycardia in Patients With Adult Congenital Heart Disease.

Background: In patients with structurally normal hearts, algorithms using surface electrocardiographic P-wave morphology are helpful to predict focal atrial tachycardia (FAT) location. However, these algorithms have not been formally assessed in patients with adult congenital heart disease (ACHD).

Objectives: This study sought to assess the efficacy of FAT-location prediction algorithms in an adult population of patients with ACHD.

Updates in Post-Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Pancreatitis.

Although endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has been shown to be a safe and effective approach in treating these diseases while carrying lower morbidity than traditional surgical treatments, ERCP has associated risks, with post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) being the most common serious adverse event and carries significant morbidity and health care cost. PEP results from multifactorial factors involving trauma to the pancreatic duct and papilla, leading to subsequent obstruction and impairment of pancreatic drainage. Important risk factors for PEP include history of prior PEP, suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, difficult cannulation, pancreatic duct contrast injections, and pancreatic sphincterotomy.

Initial Management of Acute Pancreatitis.

The initial management of acute pancreatitis (AP) is continually evolving. Goal-directed moderate fluid resuscitation is now preferred over more aggressive strategies. Antibiotics should be administered only when there is a proven or highly probable infection rather than for prophylactic purposes.

Pancreatic Cancer: Screening and Early Detection.

Pancreatic cancer, often diagnosed at advanced stages, has poor survival rates. Effective screening aims to detect the disease early, improving outcomes. Current guidelines recommend screening high-risk groups, including those with a family history or genetic predispositions, using methods like endoscopic ultrasound and MRI.

What Is the Latest in Pancreatic Cysts?

Pancreatic cysts are common incidental findings. The understanding of pancreatic cysts has evolved tremendously over the past few decades. Molecular diagnostic and endoscopic techniques have led to more precise characterization of cyst types and interventions to improve patient outcomes.

Updates in the Diagnosis of Chronic Pancreatitis: Current Approaches and New Possibilities.

This review provides a comprehensive update on the diagnostic approaches to chronic pancreatitis (CP), emphasizing recent advancements in imaging techniques, biomarker research, and multivariable scoring systems. Despite substantial progress in these areas, current diagnostic algorithms have limitations, particularly for early and non-calcific CP. Traditional criteria have focused on classic diagnostic signs, but "minimal change" CP is increasingly recognized through advanced imaging and function tests.

Evidence-Based Assessment of Tourette Syndrome.

Tourette syndrome and persistent tic disorders (collectively, TS) are impairing childhood-onset neuropsychiatric conditions. Utilizing evidence-based assessments (EBA) is standard for effective and accurate screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of TS. EBAs consist of brief screening instruments, structured/semi-structured clinician-administered interviews, self-report, and parent-report and child-report.

When It's Not Tics: Functional Tic-Like Behaviors.

Functional tic-like behaviors (FTLBs) are a manifestation of functional neurologic disorder that can be mistaken for neurodevelopmental tic disorders like Tourette syndrome. Much information was gained about FTLBs because of an outbreak of FTLBs spreading among adolescents and young adults via social media during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. In comparison to neurodevelopmental tic disorders, FTLBs have an older age of onset, more abrupt symptom onset, and more complex tics as well as other features that would be atypical of Tourette syndrome.

Genetics of Tourette Syndrome.

This review explores the genetic basis of Tourette syndrome (TS), a complex neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by motor and vocal tics. Family, twin, and molecular genetic studies provide strong evidence for a genetic component in TS, with heritability estimates ranging from 50% to 80%. The genetic architecture of TS is complex, involving both common variants with small effects and rare variants with larger effects.

An integrated immunofluorescent detection system for automated and sensitive protein quantification based on a microfluidic flow cytometry platform.

Rapid and sensitive protein detection methods are of benefit to clinical diagnosis, pathological mechanism research, and infection prevention. However, routine protein detection technologies, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot, suffer from low sensitivity, poor quantification and labourious operation. Herein, we developed a fully automated protein analysis system to conduct fast protein quantification at the single molecular level.