Aliovalent Dilute Doping and Nano-Moiré Fringe Advance the Structural Stability and Thermoelectric Performance in -ZnSb.

Thermoelectric (TE) generators have come a long way since the first commercial apparatus launched in the 1950s. Since then, the -ZnSb has manifested its potential as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly TE generator compared with the tellurium-bearing TE materials. Although the -ZnSb features an intrinsically low thermal conductivity , it suffers from a long-lasting structural instability issue arising from the highly mobile zinc ions.

Steps Towards Industrialization of Cu-III-VIThin-Film Solar Cells:Linking Materials/Device Designs to Process Design For Non-stoichiometric Photovoltaic Materials.

The concept of in-line sputtering and selenization become industrial standard for Cu-III-VI solar cell fabrication, but still it's very difficult to control and predict the optical and electrical parameters, which are closely related to the chemical composition distribution of the thin film. The present review article addresses onto the material design, device design and process design using parameters closely related to the chemical compositions. Its variation leads to change in the Poisson equation, current equation, and continuity equation governing the device design.

Size, composition and structural changes of TiO2 rutile nanoparticles by pulsed laser ablation in water.

The rutile-type TiO2 powders originally whitish and micrometer in size were successfully reduced in size with accompanied structure, composition and optical property change to become dark bluish by pulsed laser ablation in liquid under 532 nm excitation and 400 mJ per pulse at a specified water depth (5 or 15 mm) for up to 30 min. Transmission electron microscopic observations indicated the newly formed anatase nanoparticles are ca. 5 nm in size with spindle-like shape having well-developed {101} faces and -(001) facets for mutual coalescence into unity.