[Non-surgical treatment for adenoidal hypertrophy].

Objective: Study the practicability of non-surgical treatment for adenoidal hypertrophy.

Method: Fifty-seven children were recruited in a randomized,placebo-controlled trial. Group T1 underwent intranasal corticosteroids treatment, group T2 underwent leukotriene receptor antagonists treatment, group C underwent placebo treatment:the records of 3 groups were analyzed.

Day vs. day-night use of ankle-foot orthoses in young children with spastic diplegia: a randomized controlled study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of treatment with hinged ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) during the day vs. during both the day and the night in young ambulant children with spastic diplegia.

Design: In this prospective randomized controlled trial, 112 ambulatory children (70 boys and 42 girls; mean age, 2 yrs 6.

[Therapeutic efficacy of 3-year subcutaneous immunotherapy in asthmatic children allergic to mite].

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of 3-year subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) in asthmatic children allergic to mite.

Methods: Ninety asthmatic children allergic to house dust mite (with or without allergic rhinitis) and aged 5-14 years were randomized into SCIT treatment group (n=45) and control group (n=45). The SCIT treatment group received SCIT combined with standardized treatment for asthma, while the control group received the standardized treatment alone.

Association of three polymorphisms in ARID5B, IKZF1 and CEBPE with the risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in a Chinese population.

Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) that focus on childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the most common malignancy in children younger than 15 years old, have found evidence that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IKZF1 (7p12.2), ARID5B (10q21.2) and CEBPE (14q11.

[Clinical characteristics and mutation analysis of the LKB1 gene in a Peutz-Jeghers syndrome pedigree].

Objective: To investigate clinical characteristics and mutation of the LKB1 gene in a Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) pedigree.

Method: Clinical data of a PJS family were analyzed and LKB1 gene mutation was detected by systematic screening with multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and DNA sequencing. Meanwhile, two hundred and fifty healthy adults were enrolled in this study and denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (PCR-DHPLC) was carried out to verify the mutation excluding polymorphism sites found in this family.

Clinical analysis in 202 children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

This study attempts to characterize the clinical features of various subtypes of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and try to investigate the prognostic factors. Patients with JIA hospitalized in Nanjing Children Hospital during April 2005 to April 2010 were enrolled. Clinical manifestations and laboratory parameters were retrospectively reviewed.

Proteomic analysis of the aqueous humor in patients with wet age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: A number of studies have shown that the levels of some proteins in the aqueous humor (AH) are altered and correlate with the mechanisms or prognosis of many eye diseases. To identify the possible mechanisms that lead to the development of wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a proteomic analysis of the AH composition from wet AMD patients was performed and compared with that from non-AMD cataract patients.

Experimental Design: Six wet AMD and six non-AMD cataract patients were enrolled.

Enteroenteroanastomosis near adjacent ileocecal valve in infants.

Aim: To investigate the feasibility and the effectiveness of ileoileostomy in the region adjacent to the ileocecal valve, which can retain the ileocecal valve in infants.

Methods: This is a retrospective review of 48 patients who underwent ileoileostomy in the region adjacent to the ileocecal valve (group 1) and 34 patients who underwent ileocecal resections and ileotransversanastomosis (group 2). Patients were monitored for the time to flatus, resumption of eating, length of hospital stay after surgery, serum total bile acid, vitamin B12 and postoperative complications.

Study on Genetic Variance of miR-541 in Type 1 Diabetes.

Genetic susceptibility plays a key role in type 1 diabetes development. Because miR-541 gene was located within the associated chromosome loci and its target genes include the diabetes-associated gene neurogenin3, this study aimed to investigate whether miR-541 had type 1 diabetes-associated genetic variations. Type 1 diabetes children and healthy volunteers were recruited; direct sequencing was performed in initial 69 patients and 46 volunteers.

New technique for correcting mild types of cryptotia: elevate cavum conchae cartilage and suture to cranial periosteum.

We have developed a new technique for the treatment of mild types of cryptotia in which the cavum conchae cartilage was pulled superiorly and sutured it to the temporal bone to the temporal parietal junction periosteum securely. Then, the stitches for bolster fixation were inserted parallel to the auricular temporal sulcus and temporarily left untied. Our technique is easy to use and secures a firm bolster fixation, and the scar is hidden.

[Association between suppressors of cytokine signaling mRNA expression and Th1/Th2 balance in children with asthma].

Objective: Suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) have been shown to play an important role in regulating cytokines, such as intracellular interferon (IFN) and interleukin (IL), in the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway. At present, the association between SOCS and asthma is still under study. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship of SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with the intracellular IFN-'/IL-4 ratio in CD4+ T cells and specific IgE (sIgE) level in children with asthma.

Profiling of miRNAs in pediatric asthma: upregulation of miRNA-221 and miRNA-485-3p.

The aim of this study was to investigate the expression profiles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in pediatric asthma and to determine candidate miRNAs responsible for the pathogenesis of this disease. Microarrays were used to detect the differences in the miRNA expression levels between asthmatic children and controls. Airway inflammation was evaluated by cell counting and tissue biopsy in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced murine asthma model.

[Clinical evaluation of the effects of morphine in mechanical ventilation of neonates].

Objective: To evaluate the effects of morphine infusion analgesia on behavioural and neuroendocrine stress response and short term outcome in ventilated neonates.

Methods: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial was conducted between August 2010 and April 2011 at the neonatal intensive care unit of Nanjing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University. A total of 46 ventilated preterm infants (≥ 32 weeks) and term infants were divided into 2 groups at random.

Mild incomplete cleft lip repair.

Of all the methods for repair of the unilateral cleft lip, none has gained as much popularity as the rotation advancement. Limitation of the technique leads to various modifications. It is well known that different cleft lip patients have different deformities.

Inhibition of miRNA-221 suppresses the airway inflammation in asthma.

This study investigated the expression of miRNA-221 in asthmatics in order to determine whether miRNA-221 plays a role in the development of asthma. Real-time PCR was used to detect the miRNA-221 in both asthmatic and control subjects. In addition, airway inflammation was evaluated by cell counting and tissue biopsy in the OVA-induced murine asthma model.

Reconstruction of sternal cleft and aplasia cutis with a Medpor and a rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap.

Superior sternal cleft is a rare congenital malformation that may represent a challenge for plastic surgeons. We describe a 1-day-old neonate. She was noted to have superior sternal cleft associated with aplasia cutis ahead the sternum.

[Segmental monobloc osteotomy and bi-directional distraction for the treatment of Crouzon syndrome in an infant].

Objective: To discuss the segmental monobloc osteotomy and bi-directional distraction for the treatment of Crouzon syndrome in an infant.

Methods: A 9-month-old female infant underwent monobloc osteotomy through combined intra- and extra-cranial way. The facial skull was divided into frontal, orbital and maxillary segments.

A prospective study of pain experience in a neonatal intensive care unit of China.

Objectives: To assess pain burden in neonates during their hospitalization in China and thus provide evidence for the necessity of neonatal pain management.

Patients And Methods: The Neonatal Facial Coding System was used to evaluate pain in neonates. We prospectively collected data of all painful procedures performed on 108 neonates (term, 62; preterm, 46) recruited from admission to discharge in a neonatal intensive care unit of a university-affiliated hospital in China.

[Effect of carvedilol and Radix astragali on ryanodine receptor in heart failure in mice].

Objective: To explore change of ryanodine receptor (RyR) in junior mouse with heart failure (HF) and the effect of β-adrenoreceptor blocker and Radix astragali on RyR in HF in this experiment.

Method: The animal model of congestive heart failure was established by coarctation of abdominal aorta. Five weeks old mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: (1) HF group without treatment (n = 30); (2) HF group treated with carvedilol (n = 30); (3) HF group treated with carvedilol and Radix astragali(n = 30); (4) Sham-operated group (n = 30).

Inhibition of Toll-like receptor 4 with vasoactive intestinal peptide attenuates liver ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Background: Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) has attracted a great deal of attention in ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in recent years. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) plays an important role in anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity in several animal models. There are no data available regarding the effect of VIP on TLR4 expression in IR injury in vivo.

[Comparisons of efficacy and safety of tolterodine and oxybutynin in children with idiopathic overactive bladder].

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of tolterodine and oxybutynin in the treatment of idiopathic overactive bladder in children.

Methods: A total of 204 children with idiopathic overactive bladder were randomly divided into three groups (n=68 each): placebo, tolterodine-treated and oxybutynin-treated. The efficacy and safety were evaluated two weeks after treatment.

[Application of flexible bronchoscopy in diagnosis and treatment of 104 children with pulmonary atelectasis].

Objective: To evaluate the value of flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy in diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary atelectasis in children.

Method: Totally 104 patients with pulmonary atelectasis, who were admitted to this department, received flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy from January 2006 to May 2010, were enrolled in a retrospective analysis.

Result: The analysis on causes of pulmonary atelectasis showed that 76 cases (73%) of the 104 patients had sputum obstructions, which was the main cause of atelectasis.

Adiponectin levels in circulation and breast milk and mRNA expression in adipose tissue of preeclampsia women.

Objective: Physiological insulin resistance occurs in normal pregnancy and is exaggerated in women with preeclampsia (PE). Adiponectin is a hormone with insulin-sensitizing, anti-atherogenic, and anti-inflammatory properties. Reports published on association between adiponectin levels and PE risk have been conflicting.

[Diagnosis and treatment of children sinus pericranii].

Objective: To discuss the diagnosis and treatment of children sinus pericranii (SP).

Methods: From Jan. 2000 to Dec.

NF-kappaB related abnormal hyper-expression of iNOS and NO correlates with the inflammation procedure in biliary atresia livers.

Objective: To study the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and its related regulators in biliary atresia (BA) livers and exlpore their relationships with the inflammation pathway in BA livers.

Method: The iNOS expression in livers of 38 cases of BA children, 15 cases of neonatal cholestasis (NC) children, and 18 cases of normal control were, respectively, examined and total nitric oxide (NO) metabolites concentration of all samples were calculated by a colorimetric method based on Griess reaction. The TdT-mediated dupt biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) method was used to label the apoptotic bile duct epithelial cells and hepatocytes.